本文選題：生物柴油 + 樹脂��； 參考：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,能源短缺與環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴重,生物柴油作為一種可再生替代能源引起了世界范圍內(nèi)的廣泛關(guān)注。利用高酸價的廢食用油作為生物柴油的原料,能夠降低其成本,提高生物柴油的市場競爭力。目前,廢食用油制取生物柴油的生產(chǎn)均采用均相法,催化劑用量大,反應(yīng)時間長,酯交換率低。本文以高酸價廢食用油為原料,利用兩步法制取生物柴油:首先選取SXC-9、D002、D061、D072四種離子交換樹脂作為固體催化劑,間歇和連續(xù)催化廢食用油和甲醇酯化反應(yīng),催化其中的游離脂肪酸制取生物柴油;然后對剩余的甘油三酸酯利用堿進行催化,以徹底催化廢食用油制備生物柴油,實驗得到的主要研究結(jié)論如下: (1)通過單因素試驗,比較SXC-9、D002、D061、D072陽離子交換樹脂對廢食用油和甲醇酯化反應(yīng)的催化效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)SXC-9具有最佳催化效果,工藝條件為:反應(yīng)溫度65℃,醇油摩爾比12:1,催化劑用量為30%,反應(yīng)時間為9h,在此條件下進行酯化試驗,酯化率達到90.24%。 (2)在單根反應(yīng)器中利用SXC-9進行連續(xù)酯化反應(yīng),連續(xù)酯化反應(yīng)的最佳工藝條件為:反應(yīng)液體積流量0.2ml/min,催化劑填充密度0.5g/ml,醇油比18:1,在此條件下,高酸價廢食用油酯化率達到80.26%;利用兩根串聯(lián)的反應(yīng)器進行連續(xù)酯化反應(yīng),酯化率提高到93.89%。 (3)對催化劑重復(fù)使用壽命及再生使用性能進行試驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)樹脂連續(xù)使用100小時后,酯化率下降至50%;但再生后,樹脂的催化效果達到初始催化效果的95%,樹脂再生后仍能保持一定催化活性。 (4)直接利用高酸價廢食用油與甲醇酯交換反應(yīng),以硫酸做催化劑,催化劑用量為4%,醇油比30:1,反應(yīng)溫度70℃,反應(yīng)時間6h,酯交換率為87.24%,廢食用油制取生物柴油的轉(zhuǎn)化率為78.52%;經(jīng)酯化后的廢食用油以KOH為催化劑,催化劑用量為1%,醇油比6:1,反應(yīng)溫度65℃,反應(yīng)時間1h,酯交換率為95.48%,兩步法催化廢食用油制取生物柴油的總酯交換率89.65%,總轉(zhuǎn)化率為80.68%。 (5)通過技術(shù)經(jīng)濟分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)以高酸價廢食用油為原料時,采用預(yù)酯化后堿催化兩步法生產(chǎn)生物柴油的工藝優(yōu)于酸催化工藝,具有產(chǎn)物易分離、廢液排放量小、反應(yīng)時間短、部分催化劑能夠重復(fù)利用等優(yōu)點。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Biodiesel, as a renewable alternative energy, has attracted worldwide attention. Using waste cooking oil with high acid value as raw material of biodiesel can reduce its cost and improve the market competitiveness of biodiesel. At present, biodiesel from waste cooking oil is produced by homogeneous method, with large amount of catalyst, long reaction time and low transesterification rate. Biodiesel was prepared from waste edible oil with high acid value by two-step method. Firstly, four kinds of ion exchange resins (SXC-9D002D061D072) were selected as solid catalysts to catalyze the esterification of waste cooking oil with methanol. The remaining triglycerides are then used to catalyze the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the catalytic effect of SXC-9D002D061D072 cationic exchange resin on esterification of waste cooking oil with methanol was compared by single factor experiment. It was found that SXC-9 had the best catalytic effect. The reaction conditions were as follows: reaction temperature 65 鈩，

本文編號：2097592