本文選題：溶液燃燒法 + 金屬摻雜的二氧化鈦��； 參考：《安徽師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,金屬氧化物由于其顯著的光催化性能、半導(dǎo)體性能、電池性能及在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域潛在的應(yīng)用而引起了人們濃厚的研究興趣。在過去的研究工作中,廣大科技工作者已發(fā)展了多種方法成功地合成了各種形貌和尺寸的金屬氧化物納米材料。如水熱/溶劑熱法、微波輔助合成法、γ-射線輻照法、模板輔助生長法、溶膠-凝膠法、微乳液法、球磨法、液體-固體-溶液法、超聲制備法、熔鹽合成法等。但是,以上合成方法的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備比較復(fù)雜、實(shí)驗(yàn)操作非常精細(xì),在實(shí)驗(yàn)中常使用有毒性的反應(yīng)物或釋放有毒的反應(yīng)副產(chǎn)物,導(dǎo)致實(shí)驗(yàn)成本較高以及造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。因此,尋找一種簡單易行、方便快捷、安全、價(jià)格低廉和環(huán)境友好的合成納米材料的方法仍有重要的意義。本文旨在探索一種符合上述要求的制備納米粒子的簡單方法,同時(shí)研究所制備的納米粒子的潛在應(yīng)用。具體內(nèi)容包括以下幾方面: 1.用溶液燃燒法制備金屬摻雜的TiO_2納米粒子,并對其進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)表征和性能進(jìn)行研究。我們采用乙醇與乙二醇的混合體系(體積比為30/20)為溶劑,鈦酸四丁酯(Ti(OC_4H_9)_4)為鈦源,空氣中的氧氣作為氧源,一些金屬鹽為金屬離子摻雜劑,通過簡單的溶液燃燒法在空氣中一步合成金屬摻雜的TiO_2納米粒子。運(yùn)用X-射線粉末衍射、U-2450型紫外-可見分光光度計(jì)、FLS920型熒光分光儀、掃描電子顯微鏡來對產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行表征。此外,我們主要研究了所制備的金屬摻雜的TiO_2納米粒子的光催化性能。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,所制備的金屬摻雜的TiO_2納米粒子在常溫下對有機(jī)染料的光催化降解性能和市售的P25(TiO_2)粉末相比,表現(xiàn)出很好的光催化性能。 2.利用上述合成方法,我們成功合成了碳復(fù)合的二氧化錫納米粒子。研究了它作為鋰離子陽極材料的性能,在首次循環(huán)中具有很高的不可逆容量(~1248 mAhg-1)。此外我們還研究了所制備的碳復(fù)合二氧化錫納米材料對水溶液中重金屬離子(Pb~(2+)和Cd~(2+))的吸附和在365nm紫外光照射下對有機(jī)染料番紅花T的光催化降解性能。 3.利用上述溶液燃燒法,我們還成功合成了鎂尖晶石MAl_2O_4(M=Mg、Zn)納米粒子,并用X-射線粉末衍射、透射電子顯微鏡、掃描電子顯微鏡、能量散射譜等對產(chǎn)物的相態(tài)和形貌進(jìn)行了表征。BET實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示:所得鎂尖晶石MAl_2O_4(M=Mg、Zn)具有較大的比表面積,并呈現(xiàn)優(yōu)良的吸附水溶液中的重金屬離子(Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cr~(3+))和光催化降解有機(jī)染料的性能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, metal oxides have attracted much attention due to their remarkable photocatalytic properties, semiconductor properties, battery properties and potential applications in various fields. In the past research work, the majority of scientific and technological workers have developed a variety of methods to successfully synthesize various morphologies and sizes of metal oxide nanomaterials. Such as hydrothermal / solvothermal method, microwave-assisted synthesis method, 緯 -ray irradiation method, template assisted growth method, sol-gel method, microemulsion method, ball milling method, liquid-solid-solution method, ultrasonic preparation method, molten salt synthesis method and so on. However, the experimental equipment of the above synthetic methods is more complex, and the experimental operation is very fine. The toxic reactants or the release of toxic byproducts are often used in the experiments, which leads to the high cost of the experiments and the serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a simple, convenient, safe, inexpensive and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing nanomaterials. The aim of this paper is to explore a simple method for preparing nanoparticles in accordance with the above requirements and to study the potential applications of the prepared nanoparticles. The specific content includes the following aspects: 1. Metal doped TIO _ 2 nanoparticles were prepared by solution combustion method and their structure and properties were studied. We use a mixture of ethanol and ethylene glycol (30 / 20 by volume) as solvent, Ti (OC _ 4H _ 9) _ 4 as titanium source, oxygen in air as oxygen source, and some metal salts as metal ion dopants. The metal-doped TIO _ 2 nanoparticles were synthesized in air by a simple solution combustion method. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) U-2450 UV-Vis spectrophotometer FLS920 fluorescence spectrometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, we mainly studied the photocatalytic properties of the metal doped TIO _ 2 nanoparticles. The experimental results show that the prepared metal doped TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit good photocatalytic properties compared with P25 (TiO2) powders at room temperature. 2. Using the above synthesis method, we successfully synthesized carbon composite tin dioxide nanoparticles. Its performance as a lithium ion anode has been studied. It has a very high irreversible capacity (1248 mAhg-1) in the first cycle. In addition, the adsorption of heavy metal ions (Pb ~ (2) and CD ~ (2) in aqueous solution and photocatalytic degradation of organic dye saffron T in aqueous solution by carbon composite tin dioxide nanomaterials were studied. 3. Using the above solution combustion method, we have also successfully synthesized magnesia-spinel Mal _ 2O _ 4 (Mi _ mg _ 2O _ 4) nanoparticles, and have used X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, The phase state and morphology of the product were characterized by energy scattering spectroscopy. BET experiments showed that the obtained magnesia-spinel Mal _ 2O _ 4 (mg _ 2O _ 4) has a large specific surface area. The adsorption of heavy metal ions (Pb ~ (2) CD ~ (2) and Cr ~ (3) in aqueous solution and photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes were also presented.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TB383.1;O611.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陸英;ZnAl類水滑石吸附水中磷的特征和機(jī)制研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2087381