本文選題：NiO + 氣泡　； 參考：《天津理工大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)狀納米結構是一種很有潛力的納米器件單元,它在電子學、光學、光電子學、信息存儲、生物探測等方面具有潛在的應用價值。對于環(huán)狀納米結構的研究,首先就是解決如何能夠大面積、低成本地制備出幾何形狀規(guī)則的納米環(huán)的問題。目前,納米環(huán)的制備方法主要有模板刻蝕法、液相化學法、分子束外延法,這些方法存在著實驗過程復雜、實驗條件苛刻、需要高端昂貴的設備等不便之處。本文中,我們進一步發(fā)展了氣泡模板法,這種方法的優(yōu)點是低成本,操作簡單而且能夠大面積制備NiO納米環(huán)。在這種方法中,氣泡通過多級破裂至納米氣泡,納米氣泡起到了模板的作用。 NiO納米環(huán)的制備流程為:首先,配制含有硝酸鎳的SiO_2溶膠;其次,采用浸漬提拉法在玻璃襯底或者硅襯底上形成Ni(NO_3)_2/SiO_2薄膜,最后經(jīng)過熱處理得到NiO納米環(huán)。利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和X射線衍射儀(XRD)對所制備的樣品進行形貌與晶體結構表征,SEM結果顯示NiO納米環(huán)的結構完整,分布均勻,排列緊密,平均外直徑約為100~150 nm,環(huán)壁厚大約10~20 nm,納米環(huán)之間的平均距離約為200-300 nm。XRD結果表明所得到的產物為面心立方晶體結構的NiO。研究了溶膠中各物質的比例、硝酸鎳濃度、熱處理方式等對NiO納米環(huán)產生影響的因素,獲得了大面積制備形狀規(guī)則的納米環(huán)的最優(yōu)實驗條件。初步研究了NiO納米環(huán)的室溫磁性能,結果顯示在室溫下NiO納米環(huán)具有弱的鐵磁性,矯頑力大約為670 Oe,剩余磁化強度約為8.1×10~(-4) emu/cm~2。 根據(jù)實驗過程的中間產物,液滴和分裂的氣泡,提出了氣泡模板法制備納米環(huán)的形成機制,即熔化了的硝酸鎳液滴先分散在多孔的SiO_2薄膜內,然后滲透至薄膜表面;在熱處理過程中,產生氣體產物,液滴變成氣泡,隨化學反應的進行不斷分裂出新的小氣泡,直至反應終止。小氣泡的不穩(wěn)定性最終使其破裂成為納米環(huán)。
[Abstract]:Annular nanostructures are potential nanodevice units, which have potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, information storage, biological detection and so on. The first step in the research of annular nanostructures is to solve the problem of how to fabricate nanospheres with regular geometry in large area and low cost. At present, the preparation methods of nanometers mainly include template etching, liquid phase chemistry and molecular beam epitaxy. These methods have many disadvantages, such as complicated experimental process, harsh experimental conditions and high cost equipment. In this paper, we further develop the bubble template method, which has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and large area preparation of nio nanorings. In this method, the bubble is broken to the nanometer bubble through multistage, and the nanometer bubble acts as a template. The preparation process of nio nanocyclic is as follows: first, the preparation of SiO2 sol containing nickel nitrate; secondly, Ni (no _ s _ 3) _ 2 / Sio _ (2) thin films were formed on glass or silicon substrates by impregnation Czochralski method. Finally, nio nanospheres were obtained by heat treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterize the morphology and crystal structure of the samples. The average outer diameter is about 100 ~ 150 nm, the thickness of the ring is about 10 ~ 20 nm, and the average distance between the nanospheres is about 200-300 nm 路XRD. The results show that the product is a face centered cubic crystal structure nio. The influence factors of the ratio of various substances in the sol, the concentration of nickel nitrate and the heat treatment method on the nio nanospheres were studied. The optimum experimental conditions for the preparation of regular nano-rings in a large area were obtained. The magnetic properties of nio nanospheres at room temperature have been studied. The results show that the ring has weak ferromagnetism at room temperature, the coercivity is about 670 Oe, and the residual magnetization is about 8.1 脳 10 ~ (-4) emu / cm ~ (2). According to the intermediate product of the experimental process, droplets and split bubbles, the formation mechanism of nano-rings prepared by bubble template method is proposed. The molten nickel nitrate droplets are dispersed in porous SiO2 thin films and then permeated to the surface of the films. In the process of heat treatment, gas products are produced, droplets become bubbles, and new small bubbles are split up with the chemical reaction until the reaction terminates. The instability of small bubbles eventually makes them break up into nanospheres.
【學位授予單位】：天津理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TB383.1

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