本文選題：土地 + 所有權(quán)　； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：土地是人類生存與發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),是社會(huì)財(cái)富的源泉。土地所有權(quán)制度是對(duì)土地權(quán)益的法制化設(shè)定,其核心是解決土地資源的高效率配置,以實(shí)現(xiàn)土地產(chǎn)出的社會(huì)效益最大化,同時(shí)兼顧土地收益在社會(huì)范圍內(nèi)的公平分配問題。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)面臨著土地資源短缺且利用效率不高、不同性質(zhì)土地收益差距較大且利益分配不均的矛盾,進(jìn)而引發(fā)了對(duì)現(xiàn)行土地所有權(quán)制度合理性的思考,以及對(duì)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率配置土地資源、公平分配土地收益的研究。本文梳理了我國(guó)自夏、商、周時(shí)期以來的土地制度,對(duì)歷史上不同時(shí)期土地制度的建立、特征和變更進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的介紹,為解決當(dāng)前土地問題提供了寶貴的歷史借鑒。同時(shí),在對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地所有權(quán)制度的相關(guān)理論研究與實(shí)踐做了較為全面的回顧與梳理后,本文還詳細(xì)介紹了我國(guó)當(dāng)前農(nóng)村土地集體所有制的歷史演變及其面臨的困境,對(duì)其做出了較為客觀的評(píng)價(jià)。最后,筆者對(duì)當(dāng)前存在的三種改革方向(農(nóng)村土地所有制私有化改革、國(guó)有化改革、集體土地所有制的自我完善)進(jìn)行了詳盡的對(duì)比,主要從各種改革方向的支持原因和面臨困境這兩個(gè)方面來分析研究,得出筆者對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行農(nóng)村土地集體所有制國(guó)有化改革的支持,并提出了對(duì)國(guó)有化改革的一些具體政策與建議：第一,重新構(gòu)建土地所有權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu),明確土地資源開發(fā)利用中的各種權(quán)益以及相應(yīng)的義務(wù)；第二,加快健全民主與法制建設(shè),切實(shí)保障土地資源各項(xiàng)權(quán)益主體的合法利益。
[Abstract]:Land is the foundation of human existence and development and the source of social wealth. Land ownership system is a legal system of land rights and interests, the core of which is to solve the problem of efficient allocation of land resources in order to maximize the social benefits of land output and at the same time to give consideration to the fair distribution of land income in the social scope. At present, our country is faced with the contradiction of land resources shortage and low utilization efficiency, the difference of land income of different nature and the uneven distribution of benefits, which leads to the consideration of the rationality of the current land ownership system. And how to achieve efficient allocation of land resources, equitable distribution of land income research. This article combs the land system of our country since the summer, the Shang, the Zhou period, has carried on the simple introduction to the establishment, the characteristic and the change of the land system in different periods in the history, has provided the valuable historical reference for solving the present land question. At the same time, after reviewing and combing the theory and practice of rural land ownership system in China, this paper also introduces the historical evolution of collective ownership of rural land in China and the difficulties it faces. A more objective evaluation is made. Finally, the author makes a detailed comparison of the three existing reform directions (privatization reform of rural land ownership, nationalization reform, self-improvement of collective land ownership). Mainly from various reform direction support reason and the difficult position these two aspects to analyze the research, obtains the author to our country present countryside collective ownership nationalization reform support, Some specific policies and suggestions on nationalization reform are put forward: first, to rebuild the structure of land ownership, to clarify the rights and interests and corresponding obligations in the development and utilization of land resources; second, to speed up the construction of democracy and legal system. Effectively protect the legitimate interests of all rights and interests of land resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F321.1

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