本文選題：生物柴油 + 脂肪酶��； 參考：《內蒙古科技大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著石油等傳統(tǒng)石化能源日益枯竭，以及產生的環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴重，，迫使人們開始尋找清潔、可持續(xù)利用的替代能源，生物柴油作為環(huán)境友好的可再生的清潔能源備受關注。生物柴油是指由動植物油與短鏈醇（甲醇或乙醇）進行酯交換反應所制備的脂肪酸甲酯或脂肪酸乙酯。目前采用的化學合成法具有工藝復雜、能耗高、產品色澤深以及污染環(huán)境等缺點，而用脂肪酶法催化合成生物柴油具有條件溫和、醇用量小、產品易于收集、無污染物排放等優(yōu)點，可以解決化學法存在的問題，是生物柴油工業(yè)重要發(fā)展方向。 在本研究中，篩選了10株脂肪酶產生菌并對重點對其中酶活力較高的1株脂肪酶產生菌(Y_1)進行催化生產生物柴油的研究。 1.對菌株Y_1進行最佳培養(yǎng)條件確定等研究：菌株Y_1最佳發(fā)酵培養(yǎng)基組成為(g/L)：蔗糖5，蛋白胨15，(NH_4)_2SO_41，K_2HPO_41.5， MgSO_4·7H_2O2，橄欖油15，以吐溫80為誘導劑。在最佳發(fā)酵培養(yǎng)基基礎上，30℃、170r/min搖床培養(yǎng)36h，最大產酶活力達73.3U/mL，比初始菌株的酶活提高了4.88倍。 2.對菌株Y_1的甲醇耐受性進行了馴化，4%的甲醇利于產酶。 3.菌株Y_1全細胞的固定化：將菌株Y_1發(fā)酵液得到的沉淀進行冷凍干燥，采用聚氨酯泡沫法進行了固定化。 4.固定化全細胞法制備生物柴油：轉酯化體系：9.65g橄欖油+0.35g甲醇（分三次加入開始加1.0g，24h后加1.5g，48h后加1.0g）+1.5g有機溶劑(正己烷)+1.2g酶。薄層層析分析轉酯化產物。 本實驗對菌種Y_1產酶條件進行了優(yōu)化和甲醇耐受性的馴化，并進行了全細胞的固定化研究，通過其催化轉酯化反應成功合成了脂肪酸甲酯。
[Abstract]:With the depletion of traditional fossil energy sources, such as petroleum, and the increasing environmental pollution, people are forced to look for clean and sustainable alternative energy sources. Biodiesel, as an environmentally friendly and renewable clean energy source, has attracted much attention. Biodiesel is a kind of fatty acid methyl ester or fatty acid ethyl ester prepared by transesterification of animal and vegetable oil with short chain alcohol (methanol or ethanol). The chemical synthesis method used at present has the disadvantages of complex process, high energy consumption, deep product color and pollution of environment, etc. The lipase catalytic synthesis of biodiesel has mild conditions, small amount of alcohol, and easy to collect. The advantages of no pollutant emission can solve the problems existing in chemical method and are the important development direction of biodiesel industry. In this study, 10 strains of lipase producing bacteria were screened and the catalytic production of biodiesel was carried out. 1. The optimum culture conditions of strain Y1 were determined. The optimum fermentation medium was composed of sucrose (5), peptone (15), NH4 (2SO4), SHP (2HPO41.5), MgSO_4 (7H _ 2O _ 2), olive oil (15), and Twain 80 was used as inducer. On the basis of the optimum fermentation medium, the maximum enzyme producing activity was 73.3 U / mL, 4.88 times higher than that of the original strain. 2. The methanol tolerance of strain Y _ 1 was acclimated to 4% methanol for enzyme production. 3. Immobilization of the whole cell of strain Y-1: the precipitation obtained from the fermentation liquid of strain Y-1 was freeze-dried and immobilized by polyurethane foam method. 4. Preparation of biodiesel by immobilized whole cell method: transesterification system: 1. 65 g olive oil 0.35 g methanol (1. 5 g / h) 1.5 g organic solvent (n-hexane) 1. 2g enzyme. The transesterification products were analyzed by TLC. In this experiment, we optimized the enzyme production conditions and acclimated the methanol tolerance of YStu1 strain, and studied the immobilization of the whole cell. The fatty acid methyl ester was successfully synthesized by its catalytic transesterification reaction.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TE667

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本文編號：1937221