本文選題：風(fēng)險(xiǎn) + 規(guī)制��； 參考：《江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)伴隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展、全球化進(jìn)程的加劇,不確定性、不可控性愈加明顯。2003年SARS病毒肆虐中國,2005年松花江特大水污染事件,2008年年初南方雪災(zāi)嚴(yán)重困擾南方,隨后的傷亡慘重、城市被毀的汶川地震以及“三聚氰胺”毒奶粉事件引發(fā)國人“奶粉信任危機(jī)”,2010年西南五省持續(xù)嚴(yán)重干旱事件使得當(dāng)?shù)匕傩諊?yán)重缺水、農(nóng)作物大面積枯死,2011年日本核泄漏引發(fā)國人“鹽荒”以及發(fā)生在溫州的動車追尾事件,慘重的傷亡數(shù)據(jù)以及財(cái)產(chǎn)損失無時(shí)無刻不在警醒人們,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)無處不在。而面對風(fēng)險(xiǎn),人們的無力招架,其根源一部分可歸因于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)本身的復(fù)雜性,而更大的責(zé)任應(yīng)當(dāng)歸咎于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制體系的失靈。本文以行政法學(xué)理論為基石,試圖從行政法學(xué)角度架構(gòu)起政府風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制活動中的法治化大廈。本文第一部分“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制理論概述”,以“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”為切入點(diǎn),從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的概念、特征兩個(gè)方面從宏觀上建立對“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”的初步認(rèn)識。進(jìn)而對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行分析,并通過對各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的闡釋,指出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制機(jī)制的不足。本文第二部分“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制語境下行政法原則面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及行政法的發(fā)展”,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的對象是不確定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而傳統(tǒng)行政法理論中的兩大基石合法行政原則與合理行政原則都存在不足之處。在認(rèn)識到傳統(tǒng)行政法理論存在不足的基礎(chǔ)上,也應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)識到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制語境下,行政法的研究角度發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變。例如,從重視“行政行為”到“行政過程”的轉(zhuǎn)變等。本文第三部分“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則的重構(gòu)”,基于傳統(tǒng)行政法的各項(xiàng)不足,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則的引入則能多維度地解決傳統(tǒng)行政法的多個(gè)不足之處。例如,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則的引入,意味著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制中,規(guī)制主體的介入早于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)化,即由傳統(tǒng)行政中的事中事后監(jiān)督向事前預(yù)防的轉(zhuǎn)變,此外,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則將事前階段納入規(guī)制范圍,與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理階段基本上構(gòu)成了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的全過程,由此也能體現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防重過程的理念。但是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防原則在使用過程中仍然存在些許不便,例如風(fēng)險(xiǎn)判斷權(quán)的壟斷與“濫用權(quán)力”之間的矛盾如何化解;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)內(nèi)涵在強(qiáng)式版本與弱勢版本下的不明確化引發(fā)的適用困難等等�；诖�,作者進(jìn)一步提出了“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防體系的再建構(gòu)”,從內(nèi)涵的明確到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)判斷權(quán)約束機(jī)制的建構(gòu),以及比例原則在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防體系中的重生三個(gè)層次予以闡述。本文第四部分“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的法治化進(jìn)路”,首先分析當(dāng)前學(xué)術(shù)界較為熱議的兩大典型規(guī)制模式一一專家型的規(guī)制模式與民主型的規(guī)制模式,并由此提出了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的法治化進(jìn)路下的規(guī)制模式應(yīng)當(dāng)是專家與民主融合的合作治理模式。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的法治化還離不開司法審判權(quán)的監(jiān)督,只有充分實(shí)現(xiàn)司法的監(jiān)督職能,才能降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制淪為腐敗溫床的可能。而從風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制法律體系的完善上考量,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)法律制度的系統(tǒng)化要求,通過各項(xiàng)具體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制活動的共性挖掘,來建構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的框架,并且從法律上及相關(guān)具體制度對政府風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的義務(wù)明確化。
[Abstract]:In the modern society, the risk is accompanied by the development of science and technology, the intensification of the process of globalization, the uncertainty and the uncontrollability of the.2003 SARS virus in China, the major water pollution in Songhua River in 2005, the southern snow disaster in southern China in the early 2008, the severe injury and death of the city, the Wenchuan earthquake destroyed by the city and melamine. "The milk powder milk powder incident triggered the" milk powder trust crisis ". In 2010, the severe drought in the five provinces in Southwest China made the local people seriously short of water and the crops were dead. In 2011, the Japanese nuclear leakage triggered the" salt shortage "and the rear end incident in Wenzhou. The tragic casualties and property losses were all the time. In the vigilance of people, risk is everywhere. Facing the risk, people's inability to stand is partly attributable to the complexity of the risk itself, and the greater responsibility should be attributed to the failure of the system of risk regulation. This article, based on the theory of administrative law, tries to construct the rule of law in government risk regulation from the perspective of administrative law. The first part of this article "the overview of the risk regulation theory", taking "risk" as the breakthrough point, from the concept of risk, the characteristics of the two aspects to establish a preliminary understanding of the "risk", and then analysis the connotation of risk regulation, and through the explanation of the various links, point out the lack of risk regulation mechanism. The second part of this paper. It is divided into the challenge of administrative law in the context of risk regulation and the development of administrative law. The object of the risk regulation is the uncertainty risk, and the two cornerstones in the traditional administrative law theory have shortcomings in the legal administrative principle and the rational administrative principle. In the context of risk regulation, the research angle of administrative law has changed greatly. For example, from the emphasis on "administrative behavior" to "administrative process". The third part of this article "the reconstruction of risk prevention principle in risk regulation", based on the shortcomings of traditional administrative law, the introduction of the risk prevention principle can be solved in many dimensions. For example, the introduction of the principle of risk prevention means that in the regulation of risk, the intervention of the regulatory body is earlier than the reality of the risk, that is, the transformation from the post supervision to the pre incident prevention in the traditional administration. In addition, the principle of risk prevention puts the pre event stage into the scope of the regulation and is basically the risk management stage. The whole process of risk regulation can also reflect the concept of risk prevention. However, there are still some inconveniences in the use of risk prevention principles, such as the solution of the contradiction between the monopoly of risk judgment and the "abuse of power"; the risk connotation is caused by the uncertainty of the strong version and the disadvantaged version. Based on this, the author further proposed the "re construction of the risk prevention system", from the definition of the connotation to the construction of the mechanism of the risk judgment, and the three levels of the rebirth of the proportion principle in the risk prevention system. The fourth part of this article, "the rule of law approach to the regulation of wind insurance", first analyses the current situation. The two typical modes of regulation, which are more popular in the academic circle, are the expert regulation mode and the democratic regulation mode, and thus the regulation mode under the rule of law under the rule of law should be the cooperative governance model of the integration of experts and democracy. In order to realize the supervision function of the judicature, it can reduce the possibility that the risk regulation is reduced to the hotbed of corruption, and from the perfection of the legal system of risk regulation, the systematization of the legal system of the risk, the construction of the frame of the risk regulation through the commonness of various specific risk regulation activities, and the legal and related specific systems to the government. The obligation of risk regulation is clear.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 戚建剛;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制的興起與行政法的新發(fā)展[J];當(dāng)代法學(xué);2014年06期

2 戚建剛;;應(yīng)急行政的興起與行政應(yīng)急法之建構(gòu)[J];法學(xué)研究;2012年04期

3 金自寧;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制與行政法治[J];法制與社會發(fā)展;2012年04期

4 李燕;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會中現(xiàn)代行政法所面臨的規(guī)制危機(jī)及應(yīng)對[J];新遠(yuǎn)見;2010年01期

5 戚建剛;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制過程合法性之證成——以公眾和專家的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)知識運(yùn)用為視角[J];法商研究;2009年05期

6 章志遠(yuǎn);;民營化、規(guī)制改革與新行政法的興起——從公交民營化的受挫切入[J];中國法學(xué);2009年02期

7 宋華琳;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制與行政法學(xué)原理的轉(zhuǎn)型[J];國家行政學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年04期

8 劉巖;孫長智;;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)概念的歷史考察與內(nèi)涵解析[J];長春理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會科學(xué)版);2007年03期

9 洪曉楠;林丹;;全球風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會及其策略回應(yīng)——烏爾里�！へ惪说娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會理論評介[J];學(xué)術(shù)交流;2007年04期

10 李瑞昌;試論國際組織風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)制強(qiáng)化及其政治后果[J];現(xiàn)代國際關(guān)系;2004年02期

，

本文編號：1915364