發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-10 05:47

  本文選題：納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料 + 溶劑熱　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于在建筑、裝飾、國防和磁存儲(chǔ)等一系列日常生活領(lǐng)域中有著重要的應(yīng)用,金屬及合金材料一直在被廣泛的制備研究。另外,伴隨著技術(shù)提高和社會(huì)需求的增加,新材料的制備顯得越來越急切。水熱技術(shù)作為先進(jìn)納米材料制備的最重要方法之一,因其在制備技術(shù)上的優(yōu)勢,在電子、光電、催化、陶瓷、磁性數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)、生物醫(yī)學(xué)、生物光子學(xué)等各種材料的制備方面發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。水熱技術(shù)不僅可以制備單分散性好、納米尺寸均勻的優(yōu)質(zhì)納米材料,而且還是實(shí)現(xiàn)納米摻雜和復(fù)合納米材料制備的最具競爭力的技術(shù)之一。此外,一些常規(guī)反應(yīng)條件(如：溫度、壓強(qiáng)等)已經(jīng)越來越不能滿足當(dāng)前科技發(fā)展的需求。磁場作為一種常見的能量供給系統(tǒng),常被用作磁性材料性能的檢測,而在本文中磁場將被嘗試用作調(diào)控材料結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的手段,去調(diào)控磁性納米粒子的晶體生長習(xí)性和微觀結(jié)構(gòu),最終獲得性能優(yōu)越的新型納米材料�，F(xiàn)將詳細(xì)內(nèi)容歸納如下： 1.論文的第一部分主要探究了磁場下水熱制備CuNi合金納米材料的生長機(jī)理,并對(duì)其樣品與無磁場下樣品作了對(duì)比。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),外加磁場不但能夠影響水熱制備過程的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為,還對(duì)其組分、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和自組裝行為產(chǎn)生影響。本章將從晶核形成、晶體生長以及對(duì)比不同實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論的角度去探討外加磁場對(duì)水熱體系下制備納米合金過程的作用和影響。 2.在論文的第二部分,我們研究了水熱條件下銅鐵氧體粉體材料的制備,研究了不同絡(luò)合劑對(duì)銅鐵氧體成相的影響情況,明確了銅鐵氧體實(shí)驗(yàn)中絡(luò)合劑選擇的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同時(shí)討論了磁場對(duì)鐵氧體性能的影響。鐵氧體是一種在高頻弱電領(lǐng)域用途廣泛的非金屬磁性材料,但因單位體積中儲(chǔ)存的磁能和飽和磁化強(qiáng)度較低,限制了它在高磁能密度的低頻強(qiáng)電和大功率領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。本文將通過研究水熱條件下,外加磁場對(duì)完全正型結(jié)構(gòu)鐵氧體(以銅鐵氧體為例)性能的影響,探討提高鐵氧體磁性能的方法,并對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果作了相關(guān)說明和討論,這對(duì)今后鐵氧體材料磁性能的強(qiáng)化研究起到基礎(chǔ)性的研究意義。 3.在這一部分,我們?cè)?80℃條件下利用磁場誘導(dǎo)在水熱體系中合成了一維鏈狀Ni0.33Co0.67合金結(jié)構(gòu)和線狀Ni0.67Co0.33合金結(jié)構(gòu),通過X射線衍射分析、場掃描電子顯微鏡和高倍透射電子顯微鏡對(duì)樣品的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌進(jìn)行了分析,另外通過與無外磁場所得樣品的磁滯回線的比較,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)磁場下所得樣品具有更高的飽和磁化強(qiáng)度、剩余磁化強(qiáng)度、矯頑力和剩磁比,在此基礎(chǔ)上我們提出了可以解釋磁場下粒子生長集聚活動(dòng)的一個(gè)可能微觀機(jī)理。 4.在論文的第四部分,我們探討了水熱體系下,利用簡單溶劑水、乙醇和銅片制備氧化銅納米結(jié)構(gòu)陣列的制備過程,通過對(duì)比不同溶劑下所得氧化銅形貌和性質(zhì)的,探討了不同形貌下氧化銅性質(zhì)的異同,并為其他金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體的制備指明了一條經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的制備方法。
[Abstract]:Because of the important applications in a series of daily life fields, such as architecture, decoration, defense and magnetic storage, metal and alloy materials have been widely studied. In addition, with the increase of technology and the increase of social demand, the preparation of new materials is becoming more and more urgent. The most important of the preparation of advanced nano materials is hydrothermal technology. One of the methods, because of its advantages in preparation technology, plays an important role in the preparation of various materials such as electronic, photoelectric, catalysis, ceramics, magnetic data storage, biomedicine, biophotonics and so on. One of the most competitive technologies prepared by hybrid and composite nanomaterials. In addition, some conventional reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, etc., have become increasingly unable to meet the needs of current scientific and technological development. As a common energy supply system, magnetic fields are often used as a detection of magnetic properties, and in this article the magnetic field will be tried as a test. The means of regulating the structure and properties of materials to regulate the crystal growth habits and microstructure of magnetic nanoparticles, and finally obtain new nanomaterials with superior performance. The details are summarized as follows:
1. the first part of the paper mainly explores the growth mechanism of CuNi alloy nanomaterials prepared by magnetic field and hot water, and compares the samples with those without magnetic field. It is found that the applied magnetic field can not only affect the dynamic behavior of the hydrothermal preparation process, but also influence its composition, microstructure and self-assembly behavior. The effects of external magnetic field on the preparation of Nanocrystalline Alloys under hydrothermal conditions are discussed from the perspective of nucleation, crystal growth and comparison of different experimental conclusions.
2. in the second part of the paper, we studied the preparation of copper ferrite powders under hydrothermal conditions, studied the effect of different complexing agents on the phase formation of copper ferrite, clarified the standard of the selection of complexing agents in the copper ferrite experiment, and discussed the effect of magnetic field on the performance of ferrite. A wide range of non-metallic magnetic materials, but the low magnetic and saturation magnetization stored in unit volume limits its application in the field of low frequency strong power and high power in high magnetic energy density. In this paper, the effect of applied magnetic field on the performance of fully positive structure ferrite (with copper ferrite as an example) under hydrothermal conditions is discussed in this paper. The method of the magnetic properties of high ferrite has been explained and discussed, which is of fundamental significance for the study of the strengthening of the magnetic properties of ferrite materials in the future.
3. in this part, we synthesized one dimensional chain Ni0.33Co0.67 alloy structure and linear Ni0.67Co0.33 alloy structure in the hydrothermal system under the condition of 180 C, and analyzed the structure and morphology of the sample by X ray diffraction analysis, field scanning electron microscope and high transmission electron microscope. Compared with the hysteresis loop of the samples obtained from the external magnetic field, we find that the samples obtained in the magnetic field have higher saturation magnetization, residual magnetization, coercive force and remanence ratio. On this basis, we propose a possible micro mechanism to explain the activity of particle growth under magnetic field.
4. in the fourth part of the paper, we discuss the preparation process of copper oxide nanostructure arrays prepared by simple solvent water, ethanol and copper sheet under the hydrothermal system. By comparing the morphology and properties of copper oxide under different solvents, the similarities and differences of the properties of copper oxide under different morphologies are discussed, and the preparation of other metal oxide semiconductors is also prepared. A method of preparation for economic application is pointed out.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1

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