本文選題：地方政府 + 民主決策��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 地方政府民主決策途徑是一個(gè)復(fù)合性的話題,無論是對(duì)于政府、行政管理者和作為行政相對(duì)人的公民個(gè)體、還是對(duì)于整個(gè)社會(huì),乃至于公共政策本身,民主決策途徑拓展的積極作用是勿庸置疑的。隨著社會(huì)主義民主政治的不斷發(fā)展以及公共政策學(xué)理論研究的不斷深入,公共問題受到社會(huì)民眾廣泛的關(guān)注,地方政府民主決策途徑已經(jīng)成為公民參與公共管理的重要手段。這突出體現(xiàn)了公民參與意識(shí)的逐步提升,解決公共問題也不再限定于政府能力的范圍內(nèi),而是擴(kuò)展到全社會(huì)。在我國(guó)完善市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的過程中,如何才能從執(zhí)政觀念上、方式、制度上、保障民主決策,拓寬公民參與渠道真正使人民有效地參與到制定公共政策中是一個(gè)值得深入研究的問題。本文以地方政府民主決策途徑這一富有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的話題作為研究對(duì)象,試圖從民主行政的視角,著眼于“怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)好人民廣泛參與充分代表公民意愿和訴求的公共政策”,通過對(duì)公民參與公共政策一般理論的分析,在描述國(guó)外公共決策中公民參與的方式與制度的基礎(chǔ)上,討論了當(dāng)代我國(guó)地方政府制定公共政策中公民參與的方式、制度的現(xiàn)狀和問題以及原因分析,提出拓展我國(guó)地方政府民主決策途徑的措施。研究主體主要包括以下四個(gè)部分： 1.首先回顧和歸納了黨和政府的民主行政的思想成果,簡(jiǎn)要闡述了公民參與的相關(guān)理論：憲法學(xué)理論、民主理論、行政學(xué)理論,從而演變出新的治理理論以從不同側(cè)面尋找公民參與的支撐點(diǎn),為我國(guó)地方政府民主決策途徑問題構(gòu)建理論平臺(tái)。2.著力分析了地方人民代表大會(huì)、地方政協(xié)委員會(huì)、政務(wù)公開、專家咨詢和公開聽政這五種民主決策方式來闡明地方政府民主決策過程中政協(xié)缺位、政務(wù)公開和聽證會(huì)的法制不完善三個(gè)方面的問題。3.對(duì)民主決策基本制度、制度程序、民主決策評(píng)估制度和責(zé)任追究制度進(jìn)行剖析,同時(shí)重點(diǎn)對(duì)決策評(píng)估的法律缺乏、政策評(píng)估主體缺失、政策評(píng)估的路徑缺失以及責(zé)任追究制度中缺乏剛性和統(tǒng)一的法律制度、缺乏完整的實(shí)施環(huán)節(jié)、行政首長(zhǎng)制成為瓶頸性障礙和權(quán)責(zé)不統(tǒng)一的七個(gè)問題進(jìn)行了深入分析。4.解讀現(xiàn)實(shí)中地方政府民主決策途徑中的難點(diǎn)與重點(diǎn),借鑒國(guó)外公共政策制定中公民參與的理論和實(shí)踐,進(jìn)而對(duì)我國(guó)地方政府民主決策途徑存在的問題嘗試從民意調(diào)查制度、政府信息公開體系、社會(huì)聽證及專家咨詢制度、民主參與決策責(zé)任追究制度和民主參與者的綜合素質(zhì)這五個(gè)方面提出一些可能的對(duì)策與建議；拓寬我國(guó)地方政府民主決策途徑,健全民主決策制度,以呼應(yīng)民主行政、和諧社會(huì)的大走向。
[Abstract]:The path of democratic decision-making in local governments is a complex topic, not only for the government, the administrative manager and the individual citizen as the administrative counterpart, but also for the society as a whole, and even for the public policy itself.There is no doubt that the positive role of the expansion of democratic decision-making approaches.With the continuous development of socialist democratic politics and the deepening of the theoretical study of public policy, public issues have been widely concerned by the public. The democratic decision-making approach of local governments has become an important means for citizens to participate in public management.This highlights the gradual improvement of citizen's participation consciousness, and the solution of public problems is no longer limited to the scope of the government's ability, but extends to the whole society.In the process of perfecting the construction of market economy in our country, how can we guarantee democratic decision-making in terms of the concept of governance, the way and the system,It is worth further study to widen the channels of citizen participation and make people participate effectively in the formulation of public policy.This article takes the local government democratic decision-making path as the research object, attempts from the democratic administration angle of view, aims at "how to realize the people's extensive participation in the public policy which fully represents the citizen's will and demand".Based on the analysis of the general theory of citizen participation in public policy, and on the basis of describing the mode and system of citizen participation in foreign public decision-making, this paper discusses the mode of citizen participation in the formulation of public policy by local governments in contemporary China.This paper analyzes the present situation, problems and causes of the system, and puts forward some measures to expand the democratic decision-making path of our local government.The main body of the study consists of the following four parts:1.First of all, it reviews and summarizes the ideological achievements of the democratic administration of the Party and the government, and briefly expounds the relevant theories of citizen participation: the theory of constitutional law, the theory of democracy, the theory of administration.Thus, the new governance theory is evolved to find the supporting point of citizen participation from different aspects, and to construct the theoretical platform.Focusing on the five democratic decision-making methods of the local people's congresses, local CPPCC committees, open government affairs, expert consultation and open hearings, to clarify the absence of the CPPCC in the democratic decision-making process of local governments.Open government affairs and the imperfect legal system of the hearing three aspects of the problem. 3.It analyzes the basic system of democratic decision-making, the procedure of system, the evaluation system of democratic decision making and the accountability system. At the same time, it focuses on the lack of law and the lack of subject of policy evaluation.The lack of the path of policy evaluation, the lack of rigid and unified legal system in the accountability system, the lack of a complete implementation link, the seven problems that the executive head system becomes the bottleneck obstacle and the unity of power and responsibility is not unified are deeply analyzed.This paper interprets the difficulties and emphases in the way of democratic decision-making of local governments in reality, draws lessons from the theory and practice of citizen participation in the formulation of foreign public policies, and tries to make an attempt at the problems existing in the path of democratic decision-making of local governments in our country from the system of public opinion survey.Some possible countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from five aspects: the open system of government information, the system of social hearing and expert consultation, the system of investigating responsibility for democratic participation in decision-making and the comprehensive quality of democratic participants.Perfect democratic decision-making system to echo democratic administration and harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D630

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本文編號(hào)：1760079