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  本文選題：不同ZnO納米結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點：陽極氧化　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文利用電化學(xué)陽極氧化在兩種不同的電解液環(huán)境下制備氧化鋅納米結(jié)構(gòu),通過調(diào)整電解液濃度、反應(yīng)時間和電壓獲得了不同結(jié)構(gòu)的氧化鋅薄膜,分析了其中的生長機制,并研究了其Raman及Pl光譜,最后研究了這些氧化鋅薄膜的電濕性行為。 本文首先簡單介紹了納米科技的概念、納米材料的特殊效應(yīng)和發(fā)展歷程。然后簡單介紹了制備納米結(jié)構(gòu)常用的物理化學(xué)方法(氣相和液相方法)的原理和工藝以及表征納米材料的主要手段的原理和技術(shù)(包括掃描電子顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射分析儀、原子力顯微鏡和光致發(fā)光譜儀等)。 接著回顧了納米氧化鋅材料的研究背景,以及納米氧化鋅的一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(包括納米棒、納米線、納米梳、納米鋸、納米彈簧和納米環(huán)等)。最后我們闡述了納米氧化鋅在工業(yè)上的一些應(yīng)用。 然后比較了三種不同制備方法(化學(xué)氣相沉積法、水溶液法和電化學(xué)法)的優(yōu)缺點。然后具體介紹了如何利用電化學(xué)陽極氧化法制備氧化鋅納米結(jié)構(gòu)。接下來我們描述了納米氧化鋅的一些基本參數(shù)和在光學(xué)方面的一些性質(zhì)。最后我們具體闡述了利用簡單快捷的電化學(xué)陽極氧化法在兩種不同電解液環(huán)境(堿性和酸性環(huán)境)下制備氧化鋅納米結(jié)構(gòu),包通過調(diào)整電解液濃度、反應(yīng)時間和反應(yīng)電壓我們可以獲得不同結(jié)構(gòu)的氧化鋅薄膜,括納米點,納米線和納花瓣,接著我們深入研究分析了內(nèi)在的生長機制和表征了這些氧化鋅薄膜的光學(xué)性質(zhì),發(fā)現(xiàn)這些氧化鋅薄膜具有類似的Raman譜和PL譜,并且在PL譜中展示出強的和半峰寬窄(30-40nm)的可見發(fā)光峰,通過分析可以得出:1.氧化鋅薄膜中的缺陷主要是填隙鋅;2.強的可見發(fā)光峰歸因于ZnO納米結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部電子在VOZni與價帶之間躍遷。由于強的可見發(fā)光性能,這些ZnO薄膜可能應(yīng)用于可見光電子器件,光陽極染料敏化太陽能電池和傳感器方面。 最后,我們研究了氧化鋅薄膜表面的電濕性行為,我們通過調(diào)整加在Pt電極和ZnO之間的偏壓,我們可以使氧化錫薄膜由近超縮水性向親水轉(zhuǎn)變。之后對其中的機理進入了深入分析,最后得出了這種電濕性行為可以歸因于在電場的作用下ZnO薄膜表面缺陷態(tài)的變化。
[Abstract]:The Raman and Pl spectra of ZnO films were also studied. Finally, the electrowettability of these ZnO thin films was studied.In this paper, the concept of nanotechnology, the special effect and development of nanomaterials are introduced.Then, the principle and technology of physical and chemical methods (gas phase and liquid phase) used in the preparation of nanostructures are briefly introduced, as well as the principles and techniques of the main means of characterizing nanomaterials (including scanning electron microscopy).Transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and photoluminescence spectrometer, etc.Then the research background of nano-ZnO materials and some special structures of nano-ZnO materials including nanorods nanowires nanometer-combs nanometer-saws nanometer-springs and nanometer-rings are reviewed.Finally, some applications of nanometer zinc oxide in industry are described.Then, the advantages and disadvantages of three different preparation methods (chemical vapor deposition, aqueous solution and electrochemical method) were compared.Then how to prepare ZnO nanostructures by electrochemical anodic oxidation is introduced in detail.Then we describe some basic parameters and optical properties of nanometer ZnO.Finally, we describe the preparation of zinc oxide nanostructures in two different electrolyte environments (alkaline and acidic) by a simple and rapid electrochemical anodic oxidation method.We can obtain ZnO thin films with different structure, including nanowires, nanowires and nanowires at different reaction times and voltages. Then we have studied the intrinsic growth mechanism and characterized the optical properties of these ZnO thin films.It is found that these ZnO thin films have similar Raman and PL spectra, and show the visible luminescence peaks of strong and half-peak width of 30-40 nm in PL spectrum.The main defect in zinc oxide film is filling zinc oxide 2.The strong visible luminescence peak is attributed to the transition of electrons in the ZnO nanostructure between the VOZni and the valence band.Due to their strong visible luminescence, these ZnO thin films may be used in visible optoelectronic devices, photoanode dye sensitized solar cells and sensors.Finally, we have studied the electrowetting behavior of zinc oxide film surface. By adjusting the bias between Pt electrode and ZnO, we can make the tin oxide film change from near supershrink to hydrophilic.Then the mechanism is deeply analyzed, and the electrowetting behavior can be attributed to the change of surface defect state of ZnO film under the action of electric field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：TB383.1

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 何洪;取向多孔導(dǎo)電聚乙烯醇（聚氨酯）基復(fù)合材料的制備及氣敏行為[D];重慶大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1727875