本文選題：馬來西亞　切入點(diǎn)：民主轉(zhuǎn)型　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文主要研究馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級與該國民主政治發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系,即二者之間是如何相互作用的。第一章緒論,主要介紹研究目的及意義、國內(nèi)外研究狀況、研究方法等。第二章為核心概念界定及相關(guān)理論闡述。第三章主要梳理和分析馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級產(chǎn)生的背景及發(fā)展壯大的過程。第四章主要論述馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級的政治主張、政治特質(zhì),分析馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級是如何推進(jìn)國家民主轉(zhuǎn)型的,以及馬來西亞民主轉(zhuǎn)型對中產(chǎn)階級產(chǎn)生的影響。第五章對馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級和韓國中產(chǎn)階級在民主轉(zhuǎn)型中的不同影響作了比較,并根據(jù)馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級的特殊性探討其與國家民主轉(zhuǎn)型間關(guān)系演變的未來走向。本文認(rèn)為,盡管馬來西亞當(dāng)前依舊處于民主轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中,但馬來西亞的政治民主已有了相當(dāng)?shù)乃?馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級在其中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。與東南亞其他國家一樣,馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級的成長也受益于威權(quán)政府主導(dǎo)下的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,因而可以說是政府及其政策推動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物。伴隨著數(shù)十年高速的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級的隊(duì)伍日益壯大,并通過選舉、參與政治性社會運(yùn)動(dòng)、參加非政府組織等途徑積極參與到國家的政治變革中。但由于受種族和宗教因素的影響,馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級一直存在著內(nèi)部高度的異質(zhì)性,馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級始終未能在重大問題上達(dá)成一定程度的共識并超越其原有的意識形態(tài)和派別利益。同時(shí),馬來人中產(chǎn)階級受政府政策照顧最多,享有諸多的特權(quán),對政府的依賴性最強(qiáng),這使得本就具有人口優(yōu)勢的馬來人中產(chǎn)階級對推進(jìn)馬來西亞民主轉(zhuǎn)型的作用大打折扣。就目前情況來看,馬來西亞的民主轉(zhuǎn)型之路還很漫長,也許只有當(dāng)馬來西亞的政治生活不再以種族為特征,且各種族間的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距逐漸消失之后,馬來西亞中產(chǎn)階級的民主動(dòng)力才會顯現(xiàn)出其強(qiáng)大的威力。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the relationship between the Malaysian middle class and the development of democratic politics in Malaysia, that is, how the two interact. Chapter one, introduction, mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research, and the research situation at home and abroad. The second chapter is the definition of the core concepts and related theories. Chapter three mainly combs and analyzes the background and the process of the development of the Malaysian middle class. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the political claims of the Malaysian middle class. The political characteristics, the analysis of how the Malaysian middle class is promoting the democratic transformation of the country, And the impact of Malaysia's democratic transition on the middle class. Chapter five compares the different effects of the Malaysian middle class and the Korean middle class in the democratic transition. According to the particularity of the Malaysian middle class, the future trend of the relationship between the Malaysian middle class and the democratic transition of the country is discussed. This paper holds that although Malaysia is still in the process of democratic transition, But Malaysia's political democracy has reached a significant level, and the Malaysian middle class has played an important role in it. Like other countries in Southeast Asia, The growth of Malaysia's middle class has also benefited from authoritarian economic development, which can be said to be a product of the government and its policies. With decades of rapid economic growth, Malaysia's middle class is growing stronger. And through elections, participation in political social movements, participation in non-governmental organizations, and other ways to actively participate in the political transformation of the country. However, due to the influence of ethnic and religious factors, the Malaysian middle class has always had a high degree of internal heterogeneity. The Malaysian middle class has never been able to reach a certain degree of consensus on major issues and transcend its original ideological and sectarian interests. At the same time, the Malay middle class is most cared for by government policies and enjoys many privileges. Most dependent on the government, the Malay middle class, which already has a demographic advantage, is making a dent in the role of Malaysia's democratic transition. As things stand, Malaysia's democratic transition is still a long way off. Perhaps it is only when Malaysia's political life is no longer characterized by race and the economic disparities between races have disappeared, the democratic drive of Malaysia's middle class will show its great power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D733.8

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