本文選題：民主監(jiān)督　切入點(diǎn)：監(jiān)督組織　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 改革開放以來,中國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設(shè)有了長足的進(jìn)步,在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和廣大農(nóng)民積極參與下,農(nóng)民直接行使民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理和民主監(jiān)督的權(quán)力。村民委員會(huì)作為村務(wù)的管理者和決策執(zhí)行者,其主要目的是維護(hù)農(nóng)村社會(huì)秩序和農(nóng)民利益。在農(nóng)民和村委會(huì)之間存在著爭奪權(quán)力的博弈,而在這一過程中,相對于村委會(huì),農(nóng)民處于弱勢地位。村委會(huì)權(quán)力如果監(jiān)督不力則會(huì)導(dǎo)致異化,為了防止村委會(huì)權(quán)力的異化,農(nóng)民就要行使民主監(jiān)督權(quán)。然而,農(nóng)民進(jìn)行民主監(jiān)督的平臺(tái)、方式和途徑比較單一,如何更好地維護(hù)農(nóng)民利益,更有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)對村委會(huì)的民主監(jiān)督是值得深入研究的課題。 農(nóng)村的民主監(jiān)督以及農(nóng)村民主政治的發(fā)展,關(guān)系到社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,而民主監(jiān)督離不開組織創(chuàng)新。中國的農(nóng)民具有豐富的創(chuàng)造力,家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制、村民自治都是農(nóng)民的偉大創(chuàng)新。農(nóng)村的民主監(jiān)督要有系統(tǒng)性和針對性,就需要農(nóng)民自組織作為載體,民主監(jiān)督組織為農(nóng)民參與民主監(jiān)督活動(dòng)提供了有效的平臺(tái)和途徑。 本文從組織創(chuàng)新的角度入手,把農(nóng)村的民主監(jiān)督和農(nóng)民自組織形式結(jié)合起來,在理論上對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)這一民主監(jiān)督組織的形成條件、一般特點(diǎn)、組織定位和功能作用進(jìn)行了探析,試圖將這一組織形式置于農(nóng)村民主實(shí)踐當(dāng)中,并且得到理論上的升華。本文由五部分構(gòu)成,其基本的結(jié)構(gòu)為: 前言簡要陳述了論文的研究意義,研究思路與方法。 第一部分闡述了在農(nóng)村中組織村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)的必要性和可能性。其中對當(dāng)前農(nóng)村中的主要監(jiān)督組織形式作了簡要的舉例,重點(diǎn)闡釋了組織村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)的必要性和可能性。 第二部分是對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)進(jìn)行了理性思考和分析,其中對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行較為深入的闡釋,并以農(nóng)民自組織的一般理論對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了梳理,同時(shí)還對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)與鄉(xiāng)村各個(gè)主要組織的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析。 第三部分是對村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)的功能作用做了闡述。其中主要論述了它的利益表達(dá)功能、權(quán)力制約功能和民主建設(shè)功能。 第四部分論述了村民監(jiān)督委員會(huì)有效運(yùn)行的途徑。其中包括整合農(nóng)民的監(jiān)督力度、組織召開評估會(huì)議和影響決策等方面。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rural grass-roots democratic political construction has made considerable progress. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the active participation of the vast number of farmers, farmers directly exercise democratic elections and democratic decision-making. The main purpose of the villagers' committee, as the manager of village affairs and the executor of decision-making, is to safeguard the social order and the interests of the peasants. There is a game of struggle for power between the peasants and the village committees. In this process, farmers are in a weak position relative to the village committee. If the power of the village committee is not well supervised, it will lead to alienation. In order to prevent the alienation of the village committee power, the farmer should exercise the democratic supervision power. The platform, ways and means for farmers to carry out democratic supervision are relatively single. How to better safeguard the interests of farmers and more effectively realize the democratic supervision of village committees is a subject worthy of further study. The democratic supervision in rural areas and the development of democratic politics in rural areas are related to the stability of society, and democratic supervision cannot be separated from organizational innovation. The villagers' autonomy is the great innovation of the peasants. In order to have systematic and targeted democratic supervision in rural areas, farmers' self-organization is needed as the carrier, and democratic supervision organizations provide an effective platform and approach for farmers to participate in democratic supervision activities. Starting from the angle of organizational innovation, this paper combines the democratic supervision in rural areas with the self-organizing form of farmers, and theoretically gives the general characteristics of the conditions for the formation of the villagers' supervisory committee as a democratic supervision organization. This paper attempts to put this organizational form into the practice of rural democracy and to get a theoretical sublimation. This paper is composed of five parts, and its basic structure is as follows:. The preface briefly describes the research significance, research ideas and methods. The first part expounds the necessity and possibility of organizing the villagers' supervision committee in the countryside. The necessity and possibility of organizing the villagers' supervision committee are explained emphatically. The second part is the rational thinking and analysis of the villagers' supervisory committee, in which the connotation of the villagers' supervision committee is explained deeply, and the characteristics of the villagers' supervision committee are combed with the general theory of farmers' self-organization. At the same time, the relationship between the villagers supervision committee and the main rural organizations is analyzed. The third part expounds the function of the villagers' supervisory committee, including its function of interest expression, power restriction and democratic construction. Part 4th discusses the ways of effective operation of the villagers' supervisory committee, including integrating the supervision of farmers, organizing evaluation meetings and influencing decision-making, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D422.6

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