本文選題：毛澤東　切入點：民主政治思想　出處：《中共中央黨校》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文以毛澤東民主政治思想與實踐為研究對象。毛澤東民主政治思想是毛澤東思想的重要組成部分,也是中國社會主義民主政治建設(shè)的邏輯起點和理論基石。毛澤東在推進馬克思主義中國化的歷史進程中,對中國民主政治建設(shè)進行了艱辛的探索,從根本上確立了人民當(dāng)家作主的核心價值,為新中國民主政治的發(fā)展奠定了堅實的理論基礎(chǔ)。對毛澤東民主政治思想進行科學(xué)系統(tǒng)地梳理和研究,是馬克思主義和毛澤東思想學(xué)科發(fā)展的必然要求,是對毛澤東思想當(dāng)代價值的深入闡發(fā)和理論拓展。 論文以馬克思主義歷史唯物史觀為指導(dǎo),運用歷史分析、辯證分析的方法,比較研究和整體研究的原則,吸收社會學(xué)、政治學(xué)、法學(xué)等多學(xué)科的知識,依據(jù)時代、社會、政治背景,將毛澤東民主政治思想放到特定的歷史進程中進行系統(tǒng)考察,分析毛澤東民主政治思想在每個特定歷史時期的內(nèi)容、特色和目標(biāo)。既充分闡述毛澤東民主政治思想的理論來源、形成發(fā)展和理論價值,又深入剖析毛澤東晚年在民主政治探索方面的誤區(qū)及經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn),同時分析毛澤東民主政治思想對進一步推進中國特色社會主義民主政治建設(shè)的現(xiàn)實啟示意義。 論文分引言、正文、結(jié)語三部分。正文共分四章。 引言部分主要介紹選題的緣起及研究意義、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究內(nèi)容和研究方法、研究的重點、難點和創(chuàng)新點。 正文第一章概述毛澤東民主政治思想的來源。本章指出,毛澤東民主政治思想既是馬克思主義民主觀與中國具體實際相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,也是對中國近代民主政治思想合理成分吸收的結(jié)果。面對中國歷史文化遺產(chǎn)和外來文明,毛澤東有許多獨到見解和新的闡釋,在實踐中制定了“古為今用,洋為中用”的方針,批判地汲取和辯證地融合了中外民主思想的精華。 第二章對毛澤東民主政治思想的形成發(fā)展歷程進行梳理。全面闡述毛澤東民主政治思想發(fā)展的歷史過程,是完整、準(zhǔn)確地理解毛澤東民主政治思想必須涉及的基本研究。在本章分析中,我們可以清晰地看到,毛澤東民主政治思想同他一生所從事的民主革命和社會主義建設(shè)實踐是密不可分的。在每一個歷史階段,毛澤東都提出和闡述了諸多關(guān)于民主問題的思想觀點和理論原則。 第三章對毛澤東民主政治思想的主要內(nèi)容進行研究。本章總結(jié)了以毛澤東為代表的中國共產(chǎn)黨人為實現(xiàn)人民民主進行的孜孜探索和不懈奮斗,提出了許多富有創(chuàng)造性的觀點,諸如:“民主新路”的思考與中國民主政治發(fā)展的方向;人民民主專政理論以及三大政治制度在新形勢下如何堅持和完善;人民參與管理國家和社會事務(wù)的思想;正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾以促進社會和諧的思想;反對官僚主義、反對腐敗和特權(quán)階層,防止執(zhí)政黨蛻化變質(zhì)的思考,都為我們留下了可資借鑒的寶貴思想財富。 本章最后對毛澤東民主政治思想的地位和作用進行總結(jié):毛澤東民主政治思想是毛澤東思想科學(xué)體系中最有理論價值和實踐價值的主體內(nèi)容之一。毛澤東在民主政治方面的艱辛開拓及其在理論和實踐上的重大成就,仍對當(dāng)前中國民主政治建設(shè)和社會發(fā)展產(chǎn)生著巨大的影響,具有重要的理論價值。 第四章探析毛澤東晚年民主政治思想。標(biāo)題定為“復(fù)雜矛盾的晚年民主政治思想”,是要區(qū)分于中國共產(chǎn)黨的指導(dǎo)思想——“毛澤東思想”。前面各章特別是第三章論述毛澤東民主政治思想時,是從“正確的理論原則和經(jīng)驗總結(jié)”、“黨的集體智慧的結(jié)晶”這個角度分析的,包括了周恩來、劉少奇、鄧小平、陳云等中共其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的思想成果。本章分析的民主政治思想及實踐方面的誤區(qū),是毛澤東個人的思想,必須注意與作為科學(xué)體系的“毛澤東思想”完全區(qū)別開來。本章研究的結(jié)論是:毛澤東晚年民主政治思想具有明顯的矛盾性和復(fù)雜性,理論和實踐的關(guān)系錯綜復(fù)雜。需要采取分析的方法,將毛澤東晚年的正確與錯誤加以區(qū)別。 結(jié)語部分探討毛澤東民主政治思想的現(xiàn)實啟示。以毛澤東為代表的中國共產(chǎn)黨人為了實現(xiàn)人民民主進行了無私無畏的探索,其探索中包含的許多基本原理、原則和科學(xué)方法,對推進中國社會主義民主政治建設(shè)具有重要的理論價值和現(xiàn)實指導(dǎo)意義。結(jié)語概括以下五點現(xiàn)實啟示:堅持人民當(dāng)家作主,走人民民主之路;堅持實事求是、科學(xué)認識黨的歷史方位;堅持獨立自主,走自己的發(fā)展道路;堅持反腐敗,防止中國共產(chǎn)黨和人民政權(quán)變質(zhì);堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧,協(xié)調(diào)各方利益。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Mao Zedong's democratic political thought and practice as the research object. The democratic political thought of Mao Zedong is an important part of Mao Zedong thought, but also China construction of socialist democratic politics is the logical starting point and theoretical foundation. The Marx doctrine Mao Zedong in promoting the historical process of Chinese, Chinese made hard explorations on the construction of democratic politics, from the fundamental on the establishment of the core value of the people in power, has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the development of new democracy. Chinese scientific systematic research on Mao Zedong democratic politics thought, is the inevitable requirement of the Marx doctrine and the Mao Zedong thought the subject development is the development of the contemporary value of Mao Zedong's thought and theoretical elaboration.
Based on Marx's historical materialism, using historical analysis, dialectical analysis method, comparative study and comprehensive study principle, absorb sociology, political science, law and other disciplines of knowledge, according to the times, society, political background, Mao Zedong's democracy thought to systematically in the specific historical process. Analysis of the content of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought in each specific period of history, characteristics and goals. Both fully explains the theoretical source of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought, the formation and development of the theory of value, and in-depth analysis of Mao Zedong in his later years in democratic politics to explore and experience the misunderstanding, and analysis of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought enlightenment on further promoting the China characteristics the construction of socialist democratic politics.
The paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The text is divided into four chapters.
The introduction mainly introduces the origin and research significance of the topic, the research status, the research content and research method, the key point, the difficulty and the innovation point of the research.
The first chapter outlines the origin of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought. This chapter pointed out that the democratic political thought of Mao Zedong is Marx's view of democracy is the combination of Chinese and concrete, but also on the China democratic political thought in modern rational ingredient absorption results. China face of historical and cultural heritage and culture, Mao Zedong has many unique insights and new in the practice of interpretation, formulated the "past serve the present, make foreign things serve China, learn critically and dialectically combines the essence of democratic thoughts of China and foreign countries.
The second chapter reviews the development history of the formation of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought. A comprehensive exposition of the historical process, the development of democratic political thought of Mao Zedong is a complete, accurate understanding of the basic research of Mao Zedong democratic politics thought must be involved in this chapter. In the analysis, we can clearly see that Mao Zedong's democratic political thought is inseparable with the democratic revolution and the practice of socialism in his life. At every historical stage, Mao Zedong expounded many problems about democratic ideas and theories and principles.
The third chapter studies the main content of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought. This chapter concludes with Mao Zedong as the representative of the Communist Party of the Democratic People's China human to realize diligently exploration and unremitting struggle, put forward many creative ideas, such as: "on new democracy and Chinese democratic political development direction to people's democracy; and the three dictatorship political system to uphold and improve the people's participation in the new situation; the management of state and social affairs thought; correctly handle contradictions among the people to promote the idea of social harmony; against bureaucracy, against corruption and privilege, prevent think party degenerate, have left the precious thought wealth of reference for us.
At the end of this chapter, the status and role of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought of Mao Zedong democratic politics thought is the scientific system of Mao Zedong thought in the theory of subjective value and practical value. One of the contents of Mao Zedong in the democratic political development and the hardship in the theory and practice of great achievements, still on the current China democratic politics and society the development has a great influence and has important theoretical value.
The fourth chapter of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought. The title as "complicated later democratic political thought" is the guiding ideology, to distinguish from Chinese Communist Party -- "Mao Zedong thought." previous chapters, especially the third chapter discusses the democratic political thought of Mao Zedong, from the "correct theoretical principles and experience", "analysis of the perspective of collective wisdom of the party, including Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoji, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and other Chinese Communist leaders thought achievements. This chapter analyzes the democratic political thought and practice is misunderstanding, Mao Zedong thought, must pay attention to and as a scientific system of" Mao Zedong thought "the completely distinguished. The research conclusion is: Mao Zedong's democratic political thought has the obvious contradiction and complexity, the relationship between theory and practice need to be taken on perplexing. The way to make a difference between the correct and wrong of Mao Zedong's later years.
The last part discusses the practical enlightenment of Mao Zedong's democratic political thought. With Mao Zedong as the representative of the Communist Party of China explored selfless and fearless in order to achieve the people's democracy, including its exploration in many basic principle, principles and scientific methods, has important theoretical value and practical significance to promote the construction of socialist democratic politics China. At the end of the following five practical implications: adhere to the people in power, people walk the road to democracy; seek truth from facts, scientific understanding of the historical position of the party; adhere to the independent, go their own path of development; adhere to anti-corruption, prevent Chinese Communist party and the people's power deterioration; adhere to overall planning, coordinate the interests of all parties.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：A841

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