本文選題：特別權(quán)力關(guān)系　切入點(diǎn)：行政法治　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2010年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：特別權(quán)力關(guān)系是指：針對公共管理的特定目的,通過法律或行政行為設(shè)立,也可由對公共設(shè)施作用范圍的進(jìn)入而自行產(chǎn)生,相關(guān)人在一定程度上必須依照公共管理目的的需要行事的一種行政關(guān)系。它是“一般權(quán)力關(guān)系”的對稱。而行政法治意味著法律對行政具有絕對的支配力和最高影響；行政與法律的關(guān)系能夠轉(zhuǎn)換為行政與司法的關(guān)系。由此必然導(dǎo)致兩者的沖突和此消彼長,也就是說特別權(quán)力關(guān)系的法治化是行政法治的發(fā)展的必然要求。 本文的主題是法治視野下特別權(quán)力關(guān)系問題研究,而重點(diǎn)是從特別權(quán)力關(guān)系與行政法治的沖突來分析問題。全文共分為6個部分： 導(dǎo)論部分旨在對目前研究的現(xiàn)狀作一個總體的歸納,論述行政法治背景下對特別權(quán)力關(guān)系進(jìn)行法治化的必要性和必然性。并在此提出自己的研究方法,同時表明自己研究的創(chuàng)新之處和預(yù)期達(dá)到的效果。 第一章是特別權(quán)力關(guān)系基本理論。從特別權(quán)力關(guān)系的概念入手,具體列舉了特別權(quán)力關(guān)系的類型,將特別權(quán)力關(guān)系分為公勤關(guān)系、公共營造物(公共機(jī)構(gòu))的利用關(guān)系和公法上的特別監(jiān)督關(guān)系；接著重點(diǎn)分析了特別權(quán)力關(guān)系的特征,認(rèn)為其具有適用特別規(guī)則和特別的懲罰措施；排除法律優(yōu)位和法律保留原則；相對人義務(wù)的不確定性以及排除司法審查等特征；并在此基礎(chǔ)上深入探究特別權(quán)力關(guān)系的本質(zhì)——強(qiáng)制且不可消除。 第二章主要是結(jié)合我國基本國情探討特別權(quán)力關(guān)系在我國大陸的現(xiàn)狀。首先綜合分析特別權(quán)力關(guān)系在我國存在的歷史、制度和外來影響方面的原因。然后分別從立法、行政和司法的角度通過實(shí)證分析、案例分析的方法闡述特別權(quán)力關(guān)系在我國的具體表現(xiàn)。立法上重點(diǎn)分析《公務(wù)員法》、《行政訴訟法》、《教育法》和《監(jiān)獄法》；行政規(guī)范則以××大學(xué)的學(xué)生管理規(guī)則為例；司法上則以廣東鳳鋁案為解析對象。 第三章主要分析特別權(quán)力關(guān)系與行政法治的沖突問題。在分析和闡述行政法治的內(nèi)涵和基本原則后,分別論述特別權(quán)力關(guān)系與法律優(yōu)位原則、法律保留原則以及司法最終原則之間的沖突。 第四章主要是對特別權(quán)力關(guān)系在域外的發(fā)展與法治化問題的探討。在對國外特別權(quán)力關(guān)系產(chǎn)生發(fā)展的歷史背景進(jìn)行概括描述后,重點(diǎn)研究國外對于特別權(quán)力關(guān)系進(jìn)行法治化的原因和路徑。 第五章是我國特別權(quán)力關(guān)系重構(gòu)的問題。主要從理論和制度兩方面提出重構(gòu)設(shè)想。理論重構(gòu)包括培育和增強(qiáng)法治觀念,特別法律關(guān)系和特別權(quán)法關(guān)系概念的提出和深入闡述,制度重構(gòu)則包括加強(qiáng)內(nèi)部管理規(guī)則審查、擴(kuò)大司法救濟(jì)范圍、建構(gòu)司法判例制度等,并采取各個擊破的方法分別為公務(wù)員、服刑人員、公立高等學(xué)校大學(xué)生、行業(yè)協(xié)會成員的權(quán)利保護(hù)尋求救濟(jì)途徑,以期既從全局,又從局部來解決特別權(quán)力關(guān)系中相對人的權(quán)利救濟(jì)問題,從而為突破特別權(quán)力關(guān)系之桎梏,掃清行政法治發(fā)展道路上的攔路虎,為法治國家的實(shí)現(xiàn)貢獻(xiàn)自己的綿薄之力。
[Abstract]:The special power relation refers to the specific purpose of public management, established by law or administrative behavior, but also by entering the scope of public facilities and self generated, people must act in accordance with an administrative relationship in need of public management purposes to a certain extent. It is "the general power relation. The administrative law means that the law has absolute control over the administration and the highest influence; the relationship between the government and the law can be converted to the relationship between the executive and the judiciary. This will lead to the conflicts between them, that is the special power relationship of rule of law is an inevitable requirement for the development of administrative law.
The theme of this paper is the study of special power relations under the rule of law, and the key is to analyze problems from the conflict between special power relations and administrative rule of law. The full text is divided into 6 parts.
The introduction part aims to make a general summary of the present situation of research, discusses the rule of administrative law under the background of the necessity and inevitability of the legalization of the special power relationship. And put forward its own research methods in this research, at the same time show their innovation and achieve the expected effect.
The first chapter is the basic theory of special power relations. Starting from the concept of special power relationship, and enumerates types of power relations, the special power relation is divided into public service, public building (public institution) based on the relationship between public law and special supervision; and then analyzes the characteristics of special power relations. It is applicable to special rules and special punishment measures; exclude the legal priority and the principle of legal reservation; relative obligations of uncertainty and exclude judicial review; and on the basis of in-depth study of the nature of the special power relation: forced and can not eliminate.
The second chapter is the basic situation of our country to investigate the situation of the special power relation in the mainland of China. The first comprehensive analysis of the special power relation exist in our country's history, reason and system of foreign influence aspects. And then separately from the legislative, administrative and judicial point of view through the empirical analysis, the method of case analysis to explain the relation of special power the specific performance in our country. The legislation of civil law focuses on the analysis of < > >, < < the administrative procedure law, education law "and" Prison Law >; administrative norms in the * * university student management rules for judicial cases; in case the object of analysis. The Guangdong phoenix aluminum
The third chapter mainly analyzes the conflict between special power relationship and administrative rule of law. After analyzing and explaining the connotation and basic principles of administrative rule of law, it discusses the conflict between special power relations and the law of the best position, the principle of legal reservation and the final principles of justice.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the issue of special power relations in the development and rule of law in foreign countries. After a general description of the historical background of the development of foreign special power relations, we focus on the reasons and paths for the rule of law in special power relations abroad.
The fifth chapter is the reconstruction of our country's special power relations. The main problems and proposes reconstruction from two aspects of theory and system theory. Remodeling includes cultivating and strengthening the rule of law, put forward the concept of special law and special law relations and further elaborated, including the reconstruction of the system to strengthen the internal management review rules, expand the coverage of judicial remedy, construction the judicial precedent system, and adopt the method of civil servants were crush one by one, the inmates, public university students, Protection Industry Association member the right to seek remedy, which not only from the overall, and from local to solve the relative person of special power relationship in the right relief, so as to break the shackles of special power relationship, development the road to clear the way of administrative law for the realization of the rule of law, its own modest contribution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D922.1

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本文編號：1557819