發(fā)布時間：2018-02-11 09:14

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 活性炭非織造布 浸漬法 載炭量 吸附性能 孔徑分布　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著空氣污染問題的日益突出,許多空氣凈化設(shè)備和防護裝置的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用應(yīng)運而生。近年來,市場上出現(xiàn)了各種空氣凈化器和防護口罩,其中活性炭非織造布在空氣過濾方面有著極大的優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展空間�；钚蕴糠强椩觳嫉某Ｒ娭苽浞椒ㄊ墙䴘n法,這種方式流程短,制作成本低廉,但同時浸漬液中的粘合劑極易堵塞活性炭的孔隙,降低活性炭的使用效率;而且采用現(xiàn)成的非織造布作為活性炭載體制備出的活性炭非織造布載炭量低,吸附性能不高。本課題針對以上問題,研制了載炭量高的非織造纖網(wǎng)載體;采用浸漬法制備出了高載炭量、高孔隙率的活性炭非織造布;研究了粘合劑種類、浸漬工藝對活性炭孔隙及活性炭非織造布吸附性能的影響。實驗采用滌綸短纖作為纖維原料,制成85g/m~2的疏松針刺纖網(wǎng)作為活性炭載體;采用三因素三水平的正交實驗法,通過選用不同的粘合劑及濃度、活性炭與浸漬液質(zhì)量比(浴比)、烘干溫度制備出了多種活性炭非織造布。分析了活性炭非織造布上活性炭的分布,及載炭量、拉伸性能與各工藝參數(shù)的關(guān)系;通過測試浸漬前后活性炭的比表面積和孔徑及其分布,分析了活性炭孔隙堵塞情況,據(jù)此來研究粘合劑及其濃度、烘干溫度對活性炭孔隙的影響,得出了以下結(jié)論:(1)實驗各參數(shù)對活性炭非織造布載炭量的影響程度為:浴比〉粘合劑濃度〉烘焙溫度,其中烘焙溫度對載炭量無影響。(2)烘干溫度對活性炭非織造布拉伸性能的影響與所選用的粘合劑的熱學(xué)性質(zhì)有關(guān);聚醋酸乙烯酯作為粘合劑的活性炭非織造布拉伸強力最低;聚乙烯醇作為粘合劑的活性炭非織造布的橫縱向拉伸強力最接近。(3)粘合劑濃度和烘干溫度對活性炭孔隙的影響與選用的粘合劑種類有關(guān),選用的粘合劑種類不同,改變其濃度和烘干溫度,活性炭孔隙的堵塞情況截然不同。(4)活性炭孔徑主要范圍在1nm~100nm之間,其中孔隙集中分布在1.6nm~2nm和10nm~20nm。用粘合劑處理過的活性炭的5nm~20nm的孔徑堵塞最嚴重,孔容變化最大。(5)粘合劑對活性炭孔隙的堵塞主要有兩部分,除了粘合劑擴散進入活性炭孔隙堵塞活性炭孔隙外,包覆在活性炭表面的粘合劑對活性炭孔隙的影響也非常大。(6)氣相甲醛吸附實驗結(jié)果表明,初始濃度為1.2 mg/m~3~1.5mg/m~3時,所有的活性炭非織造布的氣相甲醛靜態(tài)吸附平衡效率為88%左右。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent problem of air pollution, the development and application of many air purification equipment and protective devices have emerged. In recent years, there have been various air purifiers and protective masks on the market. Among them, activated carbon nonwovens have great advantages and development space in air filtration. The common preparation method of activated carbon nonwovens is impregnation, which is a short process and low cost. But at the same time, the adhesive in the impregnation solution is easy to block the pores of the activated carbon and reduce the use efficiency of the activated carbon, and the activated carbon nonwovens prepared by using the ready-made nonwovens as the carrier of the activated carbon have a low carbon load. In view of the above problems, a nonwoven fiber mesh carrier with high carbon load was developed. The activated carbon nonwovens with high carbon loading and high porosity were prepared by impregnation method. The kinds of binders were studied. The effect of impregnation process on the adsorption properties of activated carbon pores and activated carbon nonwovens. 85 g / m ~ (2) loose needled fiber mesh was prepared by using polyester staple fiber as fiber material, and three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment method was used. Various kinds of activated carbon nonwovens were prepared by using different binder and concentration, mass ratio of activated carbon to impregnating solution (bath ratio, drying temperature). The distribution of activated carbon and the amount of carbon loaded on activated carbon nonwovens were analyzed. The relationship between tensile properties and process parameters, the specific surface area, pore size and distribution of activated carbon before and after impregnation were measured, and the pore plugging of activated carbon was analyzed, according to which the binder and its concentration were studied. The effect of drying temperature on the porosity of activated carbon is as follows: 1) the influence of the experimental parameters on the carbon load of activated carbon nonwovens is as follows: the bath ratio > the concentration of binder > the baking temperature. The effect of baking temperature on the tensile properties of activated carbon nonwovens was related to the thermal properties of the binder, and the tensile strength of polyvinyl acetate as binder was the lowest. The influences of the concentration of adhesive and drying temperature on the porosity of activated carbon are related to the kinds of binders selected, and the types of binders used are different. When the concentration and drying temperature are changed, the pore plugging of activated carbon is very different. (4) the pore size of activated carbon is mainly in the range of 1 nm ~ 100 nm, in which pores are concentrated at 1.6 nm ~ 2 nm and 10 nm ~ 20 nm. The pore size of activated carbon treated with binder is the most serious at 5 nm ~ 20 nm. There are two parts of the plugging of activated carbon pore, except that the adhesive diffuses into the activated carbon pore to block the activated carbon pore. The effect of binder coated on the surface of activated carbon on the porosity of activated carbon is also very large. 6) the experimental results of gas phase formaldehyde adsorption show that the initial concentration is 1.2 mg / m ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 1.5 mg / m ~ 3:00, and the static equilibrium efficiency of formaldehyde adsorption for all active carbon nonwovens is about 88%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS176.5

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張旭;遲廣秀;李懷珠;李若梅;杜平;雷雪清;;《活性炭分類和命名》國家標準解讀[J];中國個體防護裝備;2015年05期

2 高峰;王媛;李存梅;徐志雄;張長明;王建龍;李開喜;;活性炭表面改性及其對CO_2吸附性能的影響[J];新型炭材料;2014年02期

3 林莉莉;邱兆富;韓曉琳;葉興長;劉友良;張巍;應(yīng)維琪;;吸附氣相甲醛活性炭的選型研究[J];環(huán)境污染與防治;2013年12期

4 楊小勇;;方差分析法淺析——單因素的方差分析[J];實驗科學(xué)與技術(shù);2013年01期

5 解曉翠;常紀恒;于川芳;石中金;安毅;王廷;劉翠芬;;基于吸附理論分析活性炭對卷煙煙氣的吸附[J];煙草科技;2012年07期

6 黃英;金彥任;黃振興;;活性炭孔徑分布測定與計算中的一些問題研究 對幾種孔徑分布計算模型的分析比較[J];離子交換與吸附;2012年02期

7 歐陽曙光;劉鳳;許杰;;基于焦化除塵灰和無紡布的活性炭布制備研究[J];廣州化工;2012年06期

8 馬紅霞;李耀倉;;涂料印花環(huán)保粘合劑的研究進展[J];化學(xué)與生物工程;2010年09期

9 文青波;李彩亭;蔡志紅;張巍;高宏亮;;污泥基活性炭吸附空氣中甲醛的研究[J];中國環(huán)境科學(xué);2010年06期

10 聶明;曾志軍;劉長生;;聚醋酸乙烯酯的合成及影響其性能的因素[J];重慶理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年04期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 趙國鋒;柳召永;王艷飛;代曉東;劉欣梅;閻子峰;;BET方程C值在微孔-中孔炭材料測試中偏差的矯正[A];第十一屆全國青年催化學(xué)術(shù)會議論文集（上）[C];2007年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 孫媛媛;蘆竹活性炭的制備、表征及吸附性能研究[D];山東大學(xué);2014年

2 劉崢;活性炭吸附法凈化丙酮和二氧化硫的研究[D];中南大學(xué);2014年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 張雙雙;活性炭改性對氣相污染物甲醛及氨吸附去除影響的研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 簡相坤;活性炭孔結(jié)構(gòu)特征對二氧化碳吸脫附性能影響關(guān)系研究[D];中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院;2013年

3 常磊;污泥活性炭制備及吸附二氧化硫氣體的研究[D];西安建筑科技大學(xué);2013年

4 昝立偉;活性炭的改性及其對甲醛氣體脫除性能的研究[D];天津大學(xué);2008年

5 蔣寶城;高比表面積活性炭的制備及其初步應(yīng)用[D];大連理工大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號：1502705