本文關(guān)鍵詞： 秸稈纖維素 陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑 造紙廢水　出處：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)農(nóng)作物秸稈每年產(chǎn)量約為6億噸，資源很豐富，但是大部分都被焚燒，僅有少部分用作工業(yè)生產(chǎn)，，利用率很低，這樣不僅給環(huán)境造成了污染，還浪費(fèi)了寶貴的生物資源。因此，研究如何開(kāi)發(fā)利用秸稈資源，緩解日益嚴(yán)重的能源危機(jī)，對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 現(xiàn)代工業(yè)污水處理劑，多是采用傳統(tǒng)的化學(xué)方法合成，且操作困難、成本高、易污染和產(chǎn)污泥量大，因此，生產(chǎn)一種高效、無(wú)污染、成本低和易合成的污水處理劑對(duì)工業(yè)污水處理十分重要。本實(shí)驗(yàn)利用輻照的方法合成秸稈纖維素—丙烯酰胺陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑，研究了以60Coγ射線為引發(fā)體系的秸稈纖維素—丙烯酰胺接枝共聚高分子絮凝劑，從溶解機(jī)理上探討了纖維素在LiCI/極性溶劑體系中溶解性。對(duì)整個(gè)反應(yīng)過(guò)程中的輻照劑量、LiCI/DMAc溶液濃度、原料—單體的配比等因素進(jìn)行了研究；并將制備的陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑應(yīng)用在高嶺土模擬污水處理和稻草漿造紙廢水絮凝劑試驗(yàn)中。通過(guò)對(duì)水處理前后的濁度、色度和COD變化進(jìn)行測(cè)試，考察了合成絮凝劑的實(shí)際效果。 由此得到結(jié)論：1.秸稈纖維素—丙烯酰胺陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑最佳合成條件為：丙烯酰胺用量為3g，秸稈纖維素用量為2g，150ml10%的LiCl/DMAc溶液，溶解溫度100℃，輻照劑量9KGy。按照最佳條件合成的接枝共聚物接枝率可達(dá)到50%以上。2.高嶺土模擬污水處理上，秸稈纖維素改性陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑在pH值為5.1、投藥量110mg/L時(shí)，絮凝效果最佳，濁度去除率達(dá)到63%。3.在廢水的處理上，秸稈纖維素改性陽(yáng)離子絮凝劑在投藥量110mg/L左右，色度的去除率最高，對(duì)色度的去除率效果也最好；pH值為7時(shí)，絮凝劑對(duì)污水的COD處理效果最好，去除率達(dá)到49%；pH值為7時(shí)，投藥量100mg/L左右時(shí)，絮凝劑對(duì)COD的處理效果最好，去除率達(dá)到58.7%；投藥量在125mg/L左右時(shí)，剩余濁度最低，濁度去除率為65.3%，絮凝效果最好；pH值為7，接枝率為50時(shí)，剩余濁度最低，濁度去除率最高，絮凝劑對(duì)濁度的去除效果也最好，達(dá)到75%；pH值為7，胺化度為43.9%時(shí)，剩余濁度最低，濁度去除率68.1%也最高，絮凝劑對(duì)濁度的處理效果最好。
[Abstract]:The annual output of crop straw in China is about 600 million tons, and the resources are very rich, but most of them are burned, only a few of them are used for industrial production, and the utilization ratio is very low, which not only causes pollution to the environment, Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study how to develop and utilize straw resources to alleviate the increasingly serious energy crisis and to realize the strategy of sustainable agricultural development. Most of the modern industrial wastewater treatment agents are synthesized by traditional chemical methods, which are difficult to operate, high cost, easy to pollute and produce large amount of sludge. Therefore, the production of a kind of high efficiency and no pollution, The low cost and easy synthesis of wastewater treatment agent is very important for industrial wastewater treatment. In this experiment, straw cellulose acrylamide cationic flocculant was synthesized by irradiation. The graft copolymerization of straw cellulose and acrylamide with 60Co 緯 -ray as initiator was studied. The solubility of cellulose in LiCl / polar solvent system was discussed from the mechanism of dissolution. The irradiation dose of LiCl / DMAc solution and the ratio of raw material to monomer in the whole reaction process were studied. The cationic flocculant was used in the experiment of kaolin simulated wastewater treatment and rice straw pulp and papermaking wastewater flocculant. The effect of synthetic flocculant was investigated by testing the changes of turbidity, chroma and COD before and after water treatment. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of straw cellulose and acrylamide cationic flocculant are as follows: the amount of acrylamide is 3 g, the amount of straw cellulose is 2 g / L 10% LiCl/DMAc solution, and the temperature is 100 鈩

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