本文關鍵詞： 民主 公民社會 當代中國民主政治　出處：《曲阜師范大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著改革開放的不斷深入,政府職能的日益轉變,中國逐漸走出國家全能主義的誤區(qū)。面臨社會階層的分化和群體利益的多元化,相對獨立的個人和社會力量日漸活躍,涌現(xiàn)出大量的民間組織,一個相對獨立的公民社會雛形開始日益顯現(xiàn)。 公民社會作為西方一個古老而又常新的詞匯,其涵義隨著時代的發(fā)展也發(fā)生著不斷的變化。具體到中國特殊國情條件下,公民社會這個舶來品的涵義還存在著諸多爭論。但公民社會在民主進程中的推動作用卻取得的學術界的一致認同。無論是托克維爾、哈貝馬斯,還是米歇克·麥克萊蒂、邁克爾·伯恩哈德等人,抑或是馬克思都一致認為公民社會在民主政治發(fā)展中起著重大的作用。他們無一例外的指出了公民社會是民主政治的社會基礎,而民主政治同樣也是公民杜會的本質要求。具體來說,公民社會是建構民主政治的基礎和動力、公民社會為實現(xiàn)有序的民主政治參與提供新的途徑、公民社會為民主政治體系的穩(wěn)定提供動力資源。但就我國公民社會發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實而言,公民社會組織發(fā)展還不完備,公民意識的薄弱、公民社會組織對政府的依賴性、社會法律環(huán)境的欠缺都在一定程度上制約著公民社會對民主政治的推動作用。 由此,我們要結合國情因勢利導,借鑒西方公民社會發(fā)展的歷程,針對制約我國公民社會發(fā)展的“軟肋”,逐步探尋促進公民社會發(fā)展的路徑。即不斷增強公民主體意識、促進特定社會結構——中間階層的形成,還有拓寬公民社會的載體——從民間組織的發(fā)展壯大。具體到我國的實際,主要從公民社會的主體——公民的角度來說,強化公民權利意識,培育具有自主性的公民：從公民社會組織自身而言,培育公民社會組織的獨立性,加強對政府的監(jiān)督制衡；從社會環(huán)境來說,積極壯大中間階層,促進社會的穩(wěn)定,另外,還要緊跟時代發(fā)展,引導網(wǎng)絡公民社會的有序、良性發(fā)展、夯實公民社會的基礎；建立健全法律法規(guī),增加制度供給；為公民社會的發(fā)展、成長提供良好的社會環(huán)境、制度環(huán)境,從而進一步推動我國民主政治的發(fā)展,建設民主、政治、文明的社會主義國家。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of reform and opening up, the government function is changing day by day, China is gradually out of the national omnipotism misunderstanding, facing the social stratum differentiation and group interests diversification. Relatively independent individuals and social forces become more and more active, a large number of civil organizations emerge, and a relatively independent civil society rudiments begin to appear day by day. Civil society as an ancient and often new word in the West, its meaning has been changing with the development of the times, under the specific conditions of China's special national conditions. There are still many controversies about the meaning of civil society as an import. However, the role of civil society in the process of democracy has been unanimously recognized by academic circles, whether it is Tocqueville or Habermas. Or Michael McLetty, Michael Bernhard, and so on. Or Marx all agree that civil society plays an important role in the development of democratic politics. They point out that civil society is the social foundation of democratic politics without exception. And democratic politics is also the essential requirement of civic society. Specifically, civil society is the foundation and motive force of constructing democratic politics. Civil society provides a new way to realize orderly democratic political participation. Civil society provides power resources for the stability of democratic political system. However, as far as the reality of the development of civil society in our country is concerned, the development of civil society organizations is not complete, and the citizen consciousness is weak. The dependence of civil society organizations on government and the lack of social legal environment restrict the role of civil society in promoting democratic politics to a certain extent. Therefore, we should combine the national conditions, draw lessons from the course of the development of western civil society, and aim at the "weakness" that restricts the development of civil society in our country. Gradually explore the path to promote the development of civil society, that is, to constantly enhance the awareness of the main body of citizens, to promote the formation of a specific social structure-the middle class. There is also a carrier to broaden the civil society-from the development and growth of civil organizations. Specific to the reality of our country, mainly from the perspective of civil society-citizens, strengthen the awareness of civil rights. Cultivating autonomous citizens: from the perspective of civil society organizations, to cultivate the independence of civil society organizations, strengthen the supervision and checks and balances to the government; From the social environment, actively expand the middle class, promote social stability, in addition, we should closely follow the development of the times, guide the orderly and benign development of the network civil society, and consolidate the foundation of civil society; Establishing and perfecting laws and regulations and increasing the supply of system; It provides a good social environment and institutional environment for the development and growth of civil society, thus further promoting the development of democratic politics in our country and building a democratic, political and civilized socialist country.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D621

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 李璐;;論公民社會推進民主政治建設的機理與作用[J];經(jīng)濟與社會發(fā)展;2012年07期

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本文編號：1454399