【摘要】：中蘇關(guān)系是20世紀(jì)世界上最重要的大國(guó)關(guān)系之一,也是中國(guó)最重要最復(fù)雜最敏感最多變的外交關(guān)系�；谥刑K關(guān)系的重要性和復(fù)雜性,以及中蘇關(guān)系的演變對(duì)國(guó)際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)乃至世界政治格局的巨大影響,對(duì)中蘇關(guān)系的研究一直是政治學(xué)界、歷史學(xué)界尤其是黨史學(xué)界研究的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)之一。但迄今為止,尚未見(jiàn)從某一特定個(gè)體一生對(duì)蘇聯(lián)(俄)的認(rèn)識(shí)及其發(fā)展變化的角度來(lái)系統(tǒng)研究中蘇關(guān)系的論著。因此,毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀研究是一項(xiàng)具有創(chuàng)新性的研究課題。 “毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀”可以簡(jiǎn)單界定為：在不同歷史時(shí)期充當(dāng)不同社會(huì)角色(有時(shí)同時(shí)肩負(fù)幾個(gè)社會(huì)角色)的毛澤東對(duì)蘇聯(lián)(俄)及其執(zhí)政黨和政黨領(lǐng)袖、國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的根本看法和觀點(diǎn)。 毛澤東一生對(duì)蘇聯(lián)(俄)的認(rèn)識(shí)經(jīng)歷了若干個(gè)重要時(shí)期,每個(gè)時(shí)期的內(nèi)容既有繼承性,又有重大不同,呈現(xiàn)不同特點(diǎn)。影響毛澤東蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀形成的因素極為復(fù)雜,既有意識(shí)形態(tài)的因素,又有國(guó)家利益的因素,也有民族情感的因素,還有由于特殊成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境、教育背景所致獨(dú)特個(gè)性的因素。各種因素相互交織,在某一時(shí)期某一事件上,一種因素占主導(dǎo)地位起決定作用；而在另一時(shí)期另一事件上,另一因素又占主導(dǎo)地位起決定作用。 毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀涉及面很廣,既涉及到中共和蘇(聯(lián))共的關(guān)系,又涉及到中共和共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的關(guān)系(1921—1943),也涉及到中國(guó)政府(包括北洋政府、國(guó)民政府和中華人民共和國(guó)政府)和蘇聯(lián)政府的關(guān)系,還涉及到毛澤東個(gè)人與蘇(聯(lián))共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人及共產(chǎn)國(guó)際領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的關(guān)系等。因此,毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀具有立體性、多維性和復(fù)雜性。 毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀既是其個(gè)人的認(rèn)識(shí),而在其成為中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)袖、新中國(guó)的領(lǐng)袖后,他的蘇聯(lián)觀在很大程度上又代表了中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨、中國(guó)政府和中國(guó)人民的蘇聯(lián)觀。由于毛澤東在黨和國(guó)家中特殊的地位和作用,他的蘇聯(lián)觀不可避免地影響對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外重大方針政策的制定和執(zhí)行,從而對(duì)中蘇兩黨兩國(guó)關(guān)系乃至世界政治格局產(chǎn)生重大影響。 毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀充滿了發(fā)展和變化,他在不同時(shí)期對(duì)蘇聯(lián)(俄)所采取的態(tài)度和策略也充滿了變數(shù)。當(dāng)然,變化之中也有不變,甚至可以說(shuō)最關(guān)鍵的還是“不變”,這個(gè)“不變”,就是國(guó)家的獨(dú)立、主權(quán)、安全和民族的尊嚴(yán)；這個(gè)“不變”,就是毛澤東始終不渝地堅(jiān)持把馬克思主義的基本原理同中國(guó)具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合,獨(dú)立自主地探索中國(guó)革命和社會(huì)主義的建設(shè)道路。這個(gè)“不變”,貫穿于毛澤東蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀發(fā)展的全過(guò)程,是把握毛澤東蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀的一條主線。毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀有很多的經(jīng)驗(yàn),也有不少的教訓(xùn),認(rèn)真對(duì)其進(jìn)行總結(jié),對(duì)于我們今天正確處理中俄關(guān)系,及其與中國(guó)密切相關(guān)的大國(guó)關(guān)系、周邊國(guó)家關(guān)系和社會(huì)主義國(guó)家間的關(guān)系,都有著深刻的啟示和借鑒作用。 本論文除導(dǎo)論外,還有四章和結(jié)語(yǔ)。 第一章：毛澤東早期蘇(沙)俄觀的逐步形成,共分三節(jié)外加小結(jié),即“對(duì)沙俄的初步認(rèn)識(shí)”、“十月革命一聲炮響,給中國(guó)送來(lái)了馬克思列寧主義”、“以俄為師,走俄國(guó)人的路”和小結(jié)。主要研究的是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立前毛澤東蘇(沙)俄觀的主要內(nèi)容和主要特點(diǎn)。 第二章：中國(guó)革命視野下毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀,共分四節(jié)外加小結(jié),即“大革命時(shí)期毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”、“土地革命時(shí)期毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”、“抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”、“解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”和小結(jié)。主要研究的是從中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立到奪取全國(guó)政權(quán)這一時(shí)期毛澤東蘇聯(lián)觀的主要內(nèi)容和主要特點(diǎn)。 第三章：中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政視野下毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀,共分三節(jié)外加小結(jié),即“建國(guó)初10年毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”、“中蘇公開(kāi)論戰(zhàn)中毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”、“中蘇對(duì)抗中毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)觀”和小結(jié),主要研究的是新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)直到毛澤東逝世這一時(shí)期毛澤東蘇聯(lián)觀的主要內(nèi)容和主要特點(diǎn)。 第四章：多維視角下毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀,即從意識(shí)形態(tài)、國(guó)家利益、大國(guó)關(guān)系、周邊國(guó)家關(guān)系、黨際關(guān)系、國(guó)際共運(yùn)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者獨(dú)特個(gè)性等多維角度對(duì)毛澤東的蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 結(jié)語(yǔ)：毛澤東蘇聯(lián)(俄)觀的深遠(yuǎn)影響和主要啟示。
[Abstract]:Sino-Soviet relations is one of the most important countries in the world in the 20th century, and is one of the most important and most sensitive and most sensitive diplomatic relations in China. On the basis of the importance and complexity of Sino-Soviet relations, as well as the evolution of Sino-Soviet relations on the international communist movement and the great influence of the world's political structure, the study of Sino-Soviet relations has always been one of the focus and hot spots of the research of the political circle and the history field, especially in the history of the Party. So far, the theory of the relationship between the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union has not been seen from a particular individual's life to the Soviet Union (Russia) and its development. Therefore, the research of Mao Zedong's Soviet (Russian) view is an innovative research subject. The "Mao Zedong's View of the Soviet Union" can be simply defined as the fundamental views and views of the Soviet Union (Russia) and its governing and political party leaders, national leaders, and their governing and political party leaders in different historical periods. points. Mao Zedong's awareness of the Soviet Union (Russia) has experienced several important periods in his life, and the content of each period has both the inheritance and the great difference, and the presentation does not The factors that affect the formation of Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union are extremely complex, the factors of the existing ideology, the factors of the national interest, the factors of the national emotion, and the unique personality caused by the special growth environment and the educational background. Factors that are intertwined; one factor is dominant in one of the events of a particular period, while another factor in another event in another period is dominated by another factor The relationship between the Communist Party of China and the Communist Party of China (1921-1943), as well as the Chinese Government (package), has a wide range of relations with the Soviet Union of the Communist Party of China and the Communist Party of China (1921-1943). The relationship between the Beiyang Government, the National Government and the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union also involved the leaders of Mao Zedong and the Soviet Union and the Communist International Therefore, Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union has three-dimensional, multi-dimensional The nature and complexity of Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union (Russia) is not only the individual's understanding, but after it becomes the leader of the Communist Party of China and the leader of the new China, his Soviet view represents a great extent on the Chinese Communist Party, the Chinese government and the Chinese The Soviet view of the people of the State, because of the special status and role of Mao Zedong in the Party and the country, his view of the Soviet Union inevitably influences the formulation and implementation of the internal and foreign policy, so that the relations between the two parties of China and the Soviet Union and the world political system Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union is full of development and change, and his attitude to the Soviet Union in different times And the strategy is also full of variables. Of course, there is no change in the change, and even the most critical or the "constant", this "constant" is the country's independence, sovereignty, security and the dignity of the nation; the "trunk" consta The nt "" is the unswerving adherence of Mao Zedong to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China, and to explore the Chinese revolution independently and independently. The construction road of socialism. This "constant", through the whole process of the development of Mao Zedong's Soviet Union (Russia), is to hold the Soviet Union of Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong's Soviet Union (Russia) has a lot of experience and has a lot of lessons, and it is a lot of lessons to be summed up, and the relationship between China and Russia, its relations with China, its relations and the society The relationship between the interventionist countries is deep. The Enlightenment and the Reference of Carving. In addition to this paper, In addition to the introduction, there are four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter: the gradual formation of the Russian concept of the Soviet Union in the early period of Mao Zedong, divided into three plus summaries, namely, "A Preliminary Understanding of the Russian-Russian", "The revolution of the October revolution rang and brought Marxism-Leninism to China", Take the Roussian, and take the Roussian w "ay." and summary. The main study is the establishment of the former Chairman of the Communist Party of China, and the former Chairman of the Communist Party of China. ) The main contents and main characteristics of the Russian view. Chapter 2: The Soviet view of Mao Zedong in the view of the Chinese revolution, divided into four additional summary, namely, "Mao Zedong's View of the Soviet Union during the Great Revolution", "Mao Zedong's View of the Soviet Union during the Agrarian Revolution;", "Mao Zedong's View of the Soviet Union in the Anti-Japanese",

"Mao Zedong's View of the Sovi et Union in the war of Liber" The main study is the period from the founding of the Communist Party of China to the seizure of the national power The main content and main characteristics of the view of the Soviet Union of the Soviet Union. Chapter 3: The Soviet view of the Communist Party of China under the ruling of the Communist Party of China, divided into three additional summary, namely, the "Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union in the first ten years of the founding of", the "Mao Zedong's View of the Soviet Union in the War of Sino-Soviet Open", the "Mao Zedong's View of Soviet Union in Sino-Soviet confrontation" and the summary. The main study is that the new China has not been established until the death of Mao Zedong. The main contents and main characteristics of Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union. Chapter 4: The view of Mao Zedong's Soviet (Russia) view from the perspective of multi-dimension, namely, from the ideology, the national interest, the great power relations, the relations between the neighboring countries, the inter-party relations, the international co-operation, the unique personality of the leaders, etc. A summary of Mao Zedong's view of the Soviet Union (Russia) at a multi-dimensional point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：A841

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