論馬克思自由理論對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的超越
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-26 17:45
【摘要】：“自由”不僅是西方自由主義的主軸線,也是馬克思整個(gè)學(xué)說(shuō)的核心和靈魂。單從文化意義的視角來(lái)審視自由主義,并把自由主義置身于人類文化的一個(gè)重要組成部分,即是本文的一個(gè)創(chuàng)新視角也是全文思想內(nèi)容的基本前提。因此,本文中的自由主義不只是代表了一種政治思潮或政治運(yùn)動(dòng),抑或是某種意識(shí)形態(tài),它更多的是一種圍繞“自由”的各種觀念、理論及其實(shí)踐所構(gòu)成的文化形式。從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō),馬克思的自由理論與西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)有著非常緊密的聯(lián)系。借助文獻(xiàn)解讀法、文獻(xiàn)研究法和比較研究法三大方法,通過(guò)對(duì)經(jīng)典文本的相關(guān)性研讀,不難發(fā)現(xiàn),馬克思完成了對(duì)政治自由主義、經(jīng)濟(jì)自由主義和哲學(xué)自由主義的全面批判。同時(shí),馬克思自由理論也超出了自由主義各種學(xué)說(shuō),消解了自由主義自身無(wú)法克服的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的矛盾與對(duì)抗,指明人類解放的根本在于不斷實(shí)現(xiàn)人的本質(zhì)的復(fù)歸。從批判理論的演進(jìn)脈絡(luò)來(lái)看,馬克思展示了其自由理論對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的超越邏輯：超越政治解放的內(nèi)在邏輯-揚(yáng)棄異化勞動(dòng)的邏輯進(jìn)程-“人性復(fù)歸”的邏輯前提,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)自由主義之自由的超越,并最終完成了對(duì)自由的歷史主義的界定,即自由是不斷超越此前狀態(tài)的歷史性活動(dòng)。全文由四個(gè)部分組成：第一部分主要論述了西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的內(nèi)涵及價(jià)值原則。首先對(duì)自由主義之自由淵源進(jìn)行了歷史的追溯,目的是把握西方社會(huì)自由文化的傳承性和延續(xù)性；進(jìn)而對(duì)自由主義做出了本文的理解與界定,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步對(duì)自由主義進(jìn)行了三方面的劃分,即政治自由主義、經(jīng)濟(jì)自由主義和哲學(xué)自由主義；緊接著對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的價(jià)值原則：個(gè)人主義做出了較為全面的介紹。第二部分馬克思對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的批判性繼承。本部分初步介紹了馬克思與西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)之間的單向性關(guān)系,指出了馬克思對(duì)自由主義各個(gè)方面都有所研究,重點(diǎn)表達(dá)了馬克思對(duì)政治自由主義、經(jīng)濟(jì)自由主義及哲學(xué)自由主義的批判和繼承,初步分析了馬克思自由理論與自由主義的相關(guān)性和相異性。第三部分介紹了馬克思自由理理論的內(nèi)在邏輯。在前兩部分的基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)探究馬克思自由理論的內(nèi)在邏輯層層挖掘出馬克思自由理論與西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)之間的深層次關(guān)系。指出馬克思自由理論是一種“人類解放式的自由學(xué)說(shuō)”的論斷,并通過(guò)論述馬克思人類解放式的自由學(xué)說(shuō)對(duì)政治解放的肯定與超越,對(duì)異化勞動(dòng)的分析與揚(yáng)棄、以及對(duì)“人性復(fù)歸”的“類本質(zhì)”自由的預(yù)設(shè)來(lái)表達(dá)了馬克思自由理論對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的實(shí)質(zhì)性超越。第四部分主要表達(dá)了馬克思對(duì)自由主義的價(jià)值原則：個(gè)人主義及自由主義之自由的個(gè)人主義特征的批判和揚(yáng)棄,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)自由做出歷史主義的規(guī)定,即自由就是一種不斷超越此前狀態(tài)的歷史性活動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:Freedom is not only the main axis of western liberalism, but also the core and soul of Marx's whole theory. Examining liberalism from the perspective of cultural significance and placing liberalism in an important part of human culture is not only an innovative perspective of this paper, but also the basic premise of the ideological content of the full text. Therefore, the liberalism in this paper is not only a political trend of thought or political movement, or a certain ideology, it is more about "freedom" of various concepts, theories and practices of the composition of the cultural form. In this sense, Marx's theory of freedom is closely related to the tradition of western liberalism. By means of literature interpretation method, literature study method and comparative study method, it is not difficult to find that Marx has completed a comprehensive critique of political liberalism, economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism by studying the relevance of classical texts. At the same time, Marx's theory of freedom goes beyond the various theories of liberalism, dispels the contradiction and confrontation between theory and reality that liberalism cannot overcome, and points out that the essence of human liberation lies in realizing the return of the essence of human being. From the evolution of critical theory, Marx shows the transcendence logic of his theory of freedom to the tradition of western liberalism: the logic of transcending the internal logic of political liberation-the logical process of sublation of alien labor-the logical premise of "the return of human nature". It realizes the transcendence of the freedom of liberalism, and finally completes the definition of the historicism of freedom, that is, freedom is a historical activity that constantly transcends the previous state. The thesis consists of four parts: the first part mainly discusses the connotation and value principle of western liberalism tradition. First of all, the author traces back the free origin of liberalism in order to grasp the inheritance and continuity of the liberal culture in the western society. On this basis, we further divide liberalism into three aspects: political liberalism, economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism. Then to the western liberalism tradition value principle: individualism made a more comprehensive introduction. The second part is Marx's critical inheritance of western liberalism tradition. This part introduces the one-way relationship between Marx and western liberalism tradition, points out that Marx has studied every aspect of liberalism, and mainly expresses Marx's political liberalism. The criticism and inheritance of economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism have analyzed the relativity and difference between Marx's theory of freedom and liberalism. The third part introduces the internal logic of Marx's theory of freedom. On the basis of the first two parts, this paper explores the inner logic of Marx's theory of freedom and explores the deep-seated relationship between Marx's theory of freedom and the tradition of western liberalism. This paper points out that Marx's theory of freedom is a kind of "liberating freedom theory of human beings", and through discussing the affirmation and transcendence of political liberation of Marx's theory of liberating human beings, the analysis and sublation of alien labor by Marx's theory of freedom of human beings. And the presupposition of the "like essence" freedom of "the return of human nature" to express the substantial transcendence of Marx's freedom theory to the western liberalism tradition. The fourth part mainly expresses Marx's criticism and abandonment of the value principle of liberalism: individualism and the individualism characteristic of liberalism freedom, and on this basis makes the historical stipulation of freedom. That is, freedom is a historical activity that constantly transcends the previous state of affairs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：A81
本文編號(hào)：2447777
[Abstract]:Freedom is not only the main axis of western liberalism, but also the core and soul of Marx's whole theory. Examining liberalism from the perspective of cultural significance and placing liberalism in an important part of human culture is not only an innovative perspective of this paper, but also the basic premise of the ideological content of the full text. Therefore, the liberalism in this paper is not only a political trend of thought or political movement, or a certain ideology, it is more about "freedom" of various concepts, theories and practices of the composition of the cultural form. In this sense, Marx's theory of freedom is closely related to the tradition of western liberalism. By means of literature interpretation method, literature study method and comparative study method, it is not difficult to find that Marx has completed a comprehensive critique of political liberalism, economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism by studying the relevance of classical texts. At the same time, Marx's theory of freedom goes beyond the various theories of liberalism, dispels the contradiction and confrontation between theory and reality that liberalism cannot overcome, and points out that the essence of human liberation lies in realizing the return of the essence of human being. From the evolution of critical theory, Marx shows the transcendence logic of his theory of freedom to the tradition of western liberalism: the logic of transcending the internal logic of political liberation-the logical process of sublation of alien labor-the logical premise of "the return of human nature". It realizes the transcendence of the freedom of liberalism, and finally completes the definition of the historicism of freedom, that is, freedom is a historical activity that constantly transcends the previous state. The thesis consists of four parts: the first part mainly discusses the connotation and value principle of western liberalism tradition. First of all, the author traces back the free origin of liberalism in order to grasp the inheritance and continuity of the liberal culture in the western society. On this basis, we further divide liberalism into three aspects: political liberalism, economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism. Then to the western liberalism tradition value principle: individualism made a more comprehensive introduction. The second part is Marx's critical inheritance of western liberalism tradition. This part introduces the one-way relationship between Marx and western liberalism tradition, points out that Marx has studied every aspect of liberalism, and mainly expresses Marx's political liberalism. The criticism and inheritance of economic liberalism and philosophical liberalism have analyzed the relativity and difference between Marx's theory of freedom and liberalism. The third part introduces the internal logic of Marx's theory of freedom. On the basis of the first two parts, this paper explores the inner logic of Marx's theory of freedom and explores the deep-seated relationship between Marx's theory of freedom and the tradition of western liberalism. This paper points out that Marx's theory of freedom is a kind of "liberating freedom theory of human beings", and through discussing the affirmation and transcendence of political liberation of Marx's theory of liberating human beings, the analysis and sublation of alien labor by Marx's theory of freedom of human beings. And the presupposition of the "like essence" freedom of "the return of human nature" to express the substantial transcendence of Marx's freedom theory to the western liberalism tradition. The fourth part mainly expresses Marx's criticism and abandonment of the value principle of liberalism: individualism and the individualism characteristic of liberalism freedom, and on this basis makes the historical stipulation of freedom. That is, freedom is a historical activity that constantly transcends the previous state of affairs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：A81
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 肖濱;為自由主義傳統(tǒng)定位——兼評(píng)《當(dāng)代自由主義理論》[J];開(kāi)放時(shí)代;1997年04期
2 謝泳;我們有沒(méi)有自由主義傳統(tǒng)?[J];書(shū)屋;1999年04期
3 盧紅彬;法國(guó)啟蒙的兩種自由主義傳統(tǒng)[J];杭州師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2000年05期
4 賈敏;;美國(guó)政治中的共識(shí)思想——讀《美國(guó)的自由主義傳統(tǒng)》[J];美國(guó)問(wèn)題研究;2009年01期
5 于語(yǔ)和;韓曉捷;;英國(guó)憲政自由主義傳統(tǒng)的理論基礎(chǔ)與基本價(jià)值[J];天津師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年03期
6 徐勇;;東方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)掘——兼評(píng)西方話語(yǔ)體系中的“東方專制主義”[J];學(xué)術(shù)月刊;2012年04期
7 辛向陽(yáng);西方學(xué)者關(guān)于政府職能的主要理論[J];國(guó)外社會(huì)科學(xué);1995年01期
8 李慶西;何謂“自由主義知識(shí)分子”[J];讀書(shū);2000年02期
9 郭繼蘭;;信仰、自由與理性——英法啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的比較[J];理論界;2009年04期
10 謝曉東;;論現(xiàn)代新儒學(xué)中的政治自由主義傳統(tǒng)[J];廈門(mén)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年02期
相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前2條
1 馬士遠(yuǎn);沒(méi)有安排好的道路[N];中國(guó)郵政報(bào);2003年
2 肉唐僧;公民的加冕禮[N];中國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)報(bào);2012年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 馬艷艷;論馬克思自由理論對(duì)西方自由主義傳統(tǒng)的超越[D];河南師范大學(xué);2016年
2 陳紅桂;從公共領(lǐng)域到商議民主[D];南京師范大學(xué);2005年
，本文編號(hào)：2447777
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/makesizhuyiyanjiu/2447777.html
最近更新
教材專著
