【摘要】：馬克思倫理批判不是馬克思社會歷史觀不成熟的簡單標識,而是社會現(xiàn)實矛盾沒有充分展開在認識上的體現(xiàn)；也沒有隨著唯物主義歷史觀之建立而真正退場,而是在歷史辨證發(fā)展的客觀過程中被賦予新的內(nèi)涵和意義。馬克思倫理批判從人本主義框架向歷史唯物主義框架的轉(zhuǎn)換從表面看是方法和視角的轉(zhuǎn)換,而這種轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)生的深層根據(jù)在于倫理與經(jīng)濟的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性。 本文試圖通過對馬克思倫理批判從抽象人本主義到具體歷史唯物主義邏輯演進的歷史分析,說明當下構(gòu)建和諧社會的基石既不是單純的經(jīng)濟建設(shè),也不是一廂情愿的倫理建構(gòu),而是促進倫理與經(jīng)濟的良性互動和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。追尋馬克思倫理批判的時代背景和思想淵源,當時他受到了德國古典哲學(xué)、空想社會主義和古典政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)的影響。在馬克思倫理批判的過程中,他經(jīng)歷了從人本主義視域向歷史唯物主義的轉(zhuǎn)換過程。在人本主義視域下,馬克思從抽象類本質(zhì)出發(fā)批判了私有制下異化勞動對人性和人與人的關(guān)系的扭曲,超越了黑格爾唯心主義和費爾巴哈人本主義。在歷史唯物主義視域下,馬克思從現(xiàn)實經(jīng)濟關(guān)系出發(fā),透視商品、貨幣、資本、信用關(guān)系,揭示了資本主義社會的剝削實質(zhì),以及不平等、不自由的經(jīng)濟根源,實現(xiàn)了倫理批判路徑和內(nèi)容的變革。馬克思倫理批判有其經(jīng)濟學(xué)深層語境,并與經(jīng)濟學(xué)研究協(xié)同推進。從本質(zhì)上看,這種協(xié)同的動力源于倫理與經(jīng)濟的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性。
[Abstract]:Marx's ethical criticism is not a simple sign of the immaturity of Marx's view of social history, but a reflection of the fact that the contradiction of social reality has not been fully developed in cognition. Nor did it exit with the establishment of historical materialism, but was endowed with new connotations and meanings in the objective process of historical dialectical development. The transformation of Marx's ethical criticism from humanism to historical materialism is on the surface the transformation of methods and perspectives, and the deep basis of this transformation lies in the internal unity of ethics and economy. Through the historical analysis of the logical evolution of Marx's ethical criticism from abstract humanism to concrete historical materialism, this paper attempts to show that the foundation stone of building a harmonious society at present is neither a simple economic construction nor a wishful ethical construction. It is to promote the benign interaction and harmonious development of ethics and economy. He was influenced by German classical philosophy, utopian socialism and classical political economy. In the process of Marx's ethical criticism, he experienced the transition from humanism to historical materialism. From the perspective of humanism, Marx criticized the distortion of human nature and human relations caused by alienated labor under private ownership, surpassing Hegel's idealism and Feuerbach's humanism. From the perspective of historical materialism, Marx, proceeding from the real economic relations, perspective the relationship among commodities, money, capital and credit, and reveals the essence of exploitation in capitalist society, as well as the economic root of inequality and inliberty. It realizes the reform of the path and content of ethics criticism. Marx's criticism of ethics has its deep context of economics and advances in coordination with the study of economics. In essence, the motive force of this synergy originates from the internal unity of ethics and economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A811

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