【摘要】：毛澤東對農(nóng)民是有著深厚感情的,這與他的農(nóng)村家庭背景有著密切的關系,正是在這種感情的維系下,毛澤東不論是在領導中國革命時期,還是建設時期,關心農(nóng)民、解決農(nóng)村問題一直是他的關注重點。他把自己的一生都獻給了中國農(nóng)民的解放、中國農(nóng)民生活水平的提高以及中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的改革發(fā)展。為此,他不辭辛勞,殫精竭慮,在不斷的摸索與創(chuàng)新中,闖出了一條通向“大同”理想的康莊大道。 在中國革命與建設時期,毛澤東結合中國的實際國情,中國革命與建設的實際問題,把根本解決農(nóng)民和農(nóng)村問題作為實現(xiàn)突破的重點,最后成功的解決了農(nóng)民和農(nóng)村問題,可以說,這是毛澤東對馬克思列寧主義最富有創(chuàng)造性的貢獻,為馬克思主義與中國實際相結合,實現(xiàn)第一次歷史性飛躍,打下了堅實的基礎。無論是在硝煙彌漫的民主革命時期,還是在探索建設有中國特色的社會主義時期,毛澤東的農(nóng)民觀都具有極其重大的歷史意義和現(xiàn)實指導意義,其為解決“三農(nóng)”問題,為全面建設社會主義和諧社會,為推進改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設,提供了借鑒和指導。 為此,本文分為四部分來闡述毛澤東的農(nóng)民觀： 第一部分,闡述研究毛澤東農(nóng)民觀的意義,以及國內(nèi)外研究該領域的現(xiàn)狀。同時,從概念界定的角度分析了什么是農(nóng)民觀,以及如何界定毛澤東的農(nóng)民觀。 第二部分,研究了毛澤東的農(nóng)民觀是如何形成和發(fā)展的。具體分析了毛澤東農(nóng)民觀產(chǎn)生的時代背景、歷史依據(jù)、實踐基礎、思想理論來源以及毛澤東農(nóng)民觀形成和發(fā)展的分期。 第三部分,具體闡述了毛澤東農(nóng)民觀的主要內(nèi)容。包括如何對農(nóng)民進行階級劃分,農(nóng)民主體論、動力論、教育論和利益論。 第四部分,研究了毛澤東農(nóng)民觀對建設社會主義新農(nóng)村的啟示,包括尊重農(nóng)民利益,走群眾路線,把農(nóng)民組織起來,堅持科學發(fā)展觀,以及培養(yǎng)新型農(nóng)民。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong had a deep feeling for the peasants, which was closely related to his rural family background. It was under the support of this feeling that Mao Zedong cared for the peasants no matter in the period of leading the Chinese revolution or in the period of construction. Solving rural problems has always been his focus. He devoted his whole life to the liberation of Chinese peasants, the improvement of their living standards and the reform and development of China's rural economy. To this end, he painstakingly, in the constant exploration and innovation, broke out a road to the ideal of "Datong". During the period of China's revolution and construction, Mao Zedong took the fundamental solution to the problems of peasants and rural areas as the focus of the breakthrough, combining with the actual conditions of China and the practical problems of China's revolution and construction. Finally, Mao Zedong successfully solved the problems of peasants and rural areas. It can be said that this is Mao Zedong's most creative contribution to Marxism-Leninism and has laid a solid foundation for the integration of Marxism with China's reality and the realization of the first historic leap forward. No matter in the period of democratic revolution filled with smoke or in the period of exploring and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, Mao Zedong's view of farmers has extremely great historical and practical significance, in order to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". It provides reference and guidance for building a harmonious socialist society in an all-round way and promoting reform and opening up and socialist modernization. Therefore, this paper is divided into four parts to expound Mao Zedong's view on farmers: the first part, the significance of studying Mao Zedong's view of farmers, and the present situation of studying this field at home and abroad. At the same time, from the angle of concept definition, it analyzes what is the farmer view and how to define Mao Zedong's farmer view. The second part, studied how Mao Zedong's farmer view is formed and developed. The background, historical basis, practice basis, ideological and theoretical sources and stages of formation and development of Mao Zedong's views on peasants are analyzed in detail. The third part, elaborated the main content of Mao Zedong farmer view concretely. It includes how to divide peasants into classes, farmers' subject theory, motive theory, education theory and benefit theory. In the fourth part, the author studies the enlightenment of Mao Zedong's view of farmers on the construction of new socialist countryside, including respecting the interests of farmers, following the mass line, organizing peasants, adhering to the scientific concept of development, and cultivating new farmers.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A841

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