【摘要】：“李約瑟難題”是中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)史上值得研究和深入思考的問題，它的出現(xiàn)引發(fā)了人們探索科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的條件和規(guī)律的熱潮，經(jīng)過(guò)中外專家、學(xué)者前仆后繼的研究，雖然取得了大量的成果，但是至今仍是仁者見仁智者見智，在諸多方面沒有達(dá)成共識(shí)。本文通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)述“李約瑟難題”的發(fā)展歷程，了解了這一問題的歷史脈絡(luò)，經(jīng)過(guò)分析可以看出“李約瑟難題”所描述的歷史現(xiàn)象正是世界科技中心由古代東方向近代西方這次劃時(shí)代的轉(zhuǎn)移過(guò)程，是東、西方科學(xué)技術(shù)的興衰更替的過(guò)程，這不是歷史的偶然，而是客觀條件、客觀規(guī)律作用下科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果，因此，“李約瑟難題”就是科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展問題�？茖W(xué)發(fā)展觀的提出為探索“李約瑟難題”提供了新的理論支持，用科學(xué)發(fā)展觀解讀“李約瑟難題”這是一個(gè)新的視角。 本文從梳理“李約瑟難題”的發(fā)展歷程入手，經(jīng)過(guò)分析得出了“李約瑟難題”就是科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展問題。然后運(yùn)用科學(xué)發(fā)展觀對(duì)“李約瑟難題”進(jìn)行解讀：人與科學(xué)技術(shù)密切相連，人文主義沖破了歐洲中世紀(jì)宗教神學(xué)的枷鎖，催生了近代科學(xué)技術(shù)，與此同時(shí)滿清的落后統(tǒng)治摧毀了明末科學(xué)技術(shù)興起的寶貴機(jī)會(huì)，因此重視人必須由自發(fā)向自覺轉(zhuǎn)變�？梢�，人是科學(xué)技術(shù)活動(dòng)的主體，必須堅(jiān)持以人為本的原則，才能促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。整合經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化和社會(huì)等資源，為科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好的條件，而科學(xué)技術(shù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展既要尊重客觀規(guī)律，又要讓東西方科學(xué)技術(shù)相互借鑒與融合，，還要克服科學(xué)技術(shù)的負(fù)面作用，所以必須堅(jiān)持全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)的基本要求，才能促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)又好又快的發(fā)展。最后探討了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀視閾下“李約瑟難題”研究對(duì)我國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的重要啟示：解放思想必須與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，要弘揚(yáng)創(chuàng)新精神；做好人才工作，國(guó)家才能培養(yǎng)人才、留住人才和吸引人才；運(yùn)用統(tǒng)籌兼顧的根本方法，整合各種資源，促進(jìn)當(dāng)代中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:"Needham problem" is a problem worth studying and thinking deeply in the history of Chinese science and technology. Its appearance has triggered the upsurge of people to explore the conditions and laws of the development of science and technology, and has been studied one after another by Chinese and foreign experts and scholars. Although there have been a lot of achievements, there is no consensus in many aspects. Through the brief introduction of the development of Needham problem, this paper understands the historical context of this problem. Through analysis, we can see that the historical phenomenon described in the Needham problem is exactly the epoch-making process of the world science and technology center from the ancient east to the modern West, and the process of the rise and fall of science and technology in the East and the West. This is not an accident of history, but an inevitable result of the development of science and technology under the action of objective laws. Therefore, the Needham problem is the development of science and technology. The scientific concept of development provides a new theoretical support for exploring the Needham problem, which is a new angle of view to interpret the Needham problem with the Scientific Outlook on Development. Starting with the development of Needham problem, this paper concludes that Needham difficult problem is the development of science and technology. Then we use the concept of scientific development to interpret the Needham problem: man is closely connected with science and technology, humanism broke through the shackles of medieval European religious theology, and gave birth to modern science and technology. At the same time, the backward rule of Manchu Qing Dynasty destroyed the precious opportunity of the rise of science and technology in the late Ming Dynasty. It can be seen that human being is the main body of science and technology activities, and must adhere to the principle of people-oriented in order to promote the development of science and technology. The integration of economic, political, cultural and social resources will create favorable conditions for the development of science and technology, and the sustainable development of science and technology should not only respect the objective laws, but also let science and technology of the East and the West learn from each other and merge with each other. To overcome the negative role of science and technology, we must adhere to the basic requirements of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable in order to promote the sound and rapid development of science and technology. Finally, the paper discusses the important enlightenment of the study of "Needham difficult problem" to the development of science and technology in China from the perspective of the scientific development view: emancipating the mind must keep pace with the times, carrying forward the spirit of innovation, doing a good job of talent work, the country can train talents, In order to promote the development of science and technology in contemporary China, it is necessary to retain and attract talents, and to integrate all kinds of resources by means of overall planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D61;N02

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 洪曉楠,王良濱;近20年來(lái)“李約瑟難題”研究進(jìn)展[J];洛陽(yáng)師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

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