馬克思公共性思想及其對公眾參與立法的啟示
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-14 10:32
【摘要】：馬克思的公共性思想有著獨特之處,它蘊含著公共領(lǐng)域理論、公共利益理論與公共精神理論。馬克思站在無產(chǎn)階級、全人類的立場來闡述他的公共性思想。他從現(xiàn)實生活出發(fā),追求政治解放和社會解放,不斷為全人類的幸福生活創(chuàng)造契機,他以無產(chǎn)階級的階級意識構(gòu)建公共領(lǐng)域,以此維護真實的公共利益。在馬克思公共性思想中,馬克思在市民社會的基礎(chǔ)上對公共性展開研究,強調(diào)公共領(lǐng)域是公共性實現(xiàn)的場所,是依托。公共利益是社會公眾在這個領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的共同追求目標,是方向。公共精神是公共性思想的靈魂所在,是精華。但是,馬克思公共性思想不是一蹴而就的,馬克思是對前人的公共性思想批判與繼承,其公共性思想也經(jīng)歷了虛幻性向真實性轉(zhuǎn)變這一過程。馬克思公共性思想的理論淵源主要有古希臘哲學(xué)中的公共性理念、德國古典哲學(xué)中的公共性理念以及空想社會主義中的公共性理念。同時,也正是基于這些理論淵源中的虛幻性理論,導(dǎo)致了馬克思早期公共性思想的虛幻性。當馬克思關(guān)注資本主義的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展暴露的問題后,唯物史觀隨之出現(xiàn),馬克思通過批判費爾巴哈的人的本質(zhì)學(xué)說,提出實踐是社會生活的本質(zhì),而人的本質(zhì)是一切社會關(guān)系的總和。概而言之,當馬克思把實踐引入認識論、本體論,關(guān)注交往實踐之后,便發(fā)現(xiàn)了真正的公共性,公共領(lǐng)域理論、公共利益理論與公共精神理論。公共領(lǐng)域是形成于市民社會基礎(chǔ)上,經(jīng)歷政治解放與社會解放,最終以個體間性的互助、共享自由發(fā)展為核心的領(lǐng)域;公共利益的本質(zhì)就在于公,內(nèi)在具有共享性,是一種人與人互助共享的利益;公共精神是個體在公共領(lǐng)域追求公共利益的公共關(guān)懷以及處事的態(tài)度。馬克思公共性思想不僅是理論上的,更是實踐上的。當前,在民主立法機制的引導(dǎo)下,公眾參與立法是保障人民群眾享有立法的知情權(quán)和參與權(quán)的有效方式,而馬克思公共性思想對提高公眾參與立法具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。我國的新的歷史時期推進科學(xué)立法、民主立法需要遵循馬克思公共性思想的原則性指導(dǎo),同時,立法的實踐經(jīng)驗將進一步豐富馬克思公共思想的內(nèi)涵。因此,用馬克思公共性思想來解決我國公眾參與立法存在的問題,既是法律的要求,更是人民當家作主的要求。
[Abstract]:Marx's thought of publicity is unique in that it contains public sphere theory, public interest theory and public spirit theory. Marx expounds his thought of publicity from the standpoint of proletariat and all mankind. In Marx's thought of publicity, Marx studied publicity on the basis of civil society, emphasizing that the public sphere is the place where publicity is realized and the support of it. The public spirit is the soul and essence of the public thought. However, Marx's public thought is not accomplished overnight. Marx criticized and inherited the public thought of his predecessors. His public thought also experienced the process of transformation from illusion to reality. The theoretical origin of Marx's public thought is mainly ancient. The idea of publicity in Greek philosophy, the idea of publicity in German classical philosophy, and the idea of publicity in Utopian socialism. At the same time, it is based on the theory of illusion in these theoretical origins that leads to the illusion of Marx's early thought of publicity. Marx, by criticizing Feuerbach's theory of human nature, put forward that practice is the essence of social life and that human nature is the sum of all social relations. Public interest theory and public spiritual theory.Public sphere is formed on the basis of civil society,experiencing political emancipation and social emancipation,and ultimately taking mutual assistance among individuals and sharing free development as the core area.The essence of public interest lies in public,which is inherently shared,and is a kind of mutual benefit and sharing between people.Public spirit is Marx's thought of publicity is not only theoretical, but also practical. At present, under the guidance of democratic legislative mechanism, public participation in legislation is an effective way to protect the people's right to know and participate in legislation, while Marx's public thinking To promote scientific legislation in the new historical period of our country, democratic legislation needs to follow the principled guidance of Marx's public thought. At the same time, the practical experience of legislation will further enrich the connotation of Marx's public thought. The problems of public participation in legislation are not only the requirements of law, but also the requirements of the people as masters of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：A81
本文編號：2242451
[Abstract]:Marx's thought of publicity is unique in that it contains public sphere theory, public interest theory and public spirit theory. Marx expounds his thought of publicity from the standpoint of proletariat and all mankind. In Marx's thought of publicity, Marx studied publicity on the basis of civil society, emphasizing that the public sphere is the place where publicity is realized and the support of it. The public spirit is the soul and essence of the public thought. However, Marx's public thought is not accomplished overnight. Marx criticized and inherited the public thought of his predecessors. His public thought also experienced the process of transformation from illusion to reality. The theoretical origin of Marx's public thought is mainly ancient. The idea of publicity in Greek philosophy, the idea of publicity in German classical philosophy, and the idea of publicity in Utopian socialism. At the same time, it is based on the theory of illusion in these theoretical origins that leads to the illusion of Marx's early thought of publicity. Marx, by criticizing Feuerbach's theory of human nature, put forward that practice is the essence of social life and that human nature is the sum of all social relations. Public interest theory and public spiritual theory.Public sphere is formed on the basis of civil society,experiencing political emancipation and social emancipation,and ultimately taking mutual assistance among individuals and sharing free development as the core area.The essence of public interest lies in public,which is inherently shared,and is a kind of mutual benefit and sharing between people.Public spirit is Marx's thought of publicity is not only theoretical, but also practical. At present, under the guidance of democratic legislative mechanism, public participation in legislation is an effective way to protect the people's right to know and participate in legislation, while Marx's public thinking To promote scientific legislation in the new historical period of our country, democratic legislation needs to follow the principled guidance of Marx's public thought. At the same time, the practical experience of legislation will further enrich the connotation of Marx's public thought. The problems of public participation in legislation are not only the requirements of law, but also the requirements of the people as masters of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：A81
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