列寧主義在中國的早期傳播研究（1917-1925）
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 15:59
【摘要】：列寧主義在中國的早期傳播開啟了近代革命史的新篇章。作者采取史論結(jié)合的方式,選取列寧主義與當時中國革命的具體實際相結(jié)合的角度,從整體上研究列寧主義在中國的早期傳播過程,分析列寧主義對中國革命運動的直接指導作用,有利于科學領(lǐng)會、堅持和運用列寧主義,推進中國特色社會主義理論與實踐。列寧主義為何能在近代中國得以廣泛傳播?救亡圖存的時代需求是最大的社會現(xiàn)實。舊民主主義革命失敗后,廣大民眾迫切需要一種先進思想理論來指導中國革命運動,而列寧主義作為實現(xiàn)被壓迫民族解放和無產(chǎn)階級革命的學說,符合當時的時代需求,獲得先進知識分子的認同。五四運動中人民群眾在反帝反封建的斗爭中認同走俄國革命的道路來爭取國家獨立與民族解放,逐步理解和擁護列寧主義,促使列寧主義在當時的中國得以迅速傳播推廣。列寧主義在中國早期傳播的主體包含國外留學生、國內(nèi)政黨團體。旅法留學生翻譯西方學者關(guān)于列寧及其著作的評論文章,將譯制本帶回國內(nèi)進行傳播;莫斯科東方大學成立后,大量留學生到蘇聯(lián)學習列寧主義理論,將最新成果傳到國內(nèi),進一步提高傳播質(zhì)量。十月革命勝利后,廣大進步青年在全國各地成立學習和宣傳列寧主義及俄國無產(chǎn)階級革命的團體,逐步發(fā)展為共產(chǎn)主義小組,為中國共產(chǎn)黨成立奠定組織基礎(chǔ);中國國民黨第一個在國內(nèi)傳播十月革命勝利消息,其下轄的報刊也大量宣傳列寧主義理論,為日后制定聯(lián)俄、聯(lián)共等三大政策打下基礎(chǔ);中國共產(chǎn)黨在成立后,作為共產(chǎn)國際遠東支部,積極傳達共產(chǎn)國際最新指示精神,并派員赴蘇聯(lián)進行實地考察和報道,成為傳播列寧主義的主要力量。列寧主義在中國早期傳播的過程中,先進知識分子向廣大民眾介紹列寧的光輝形象及民族與殖民地理論,廣泛宣傳十月革命勝利消息,大量報道蘇俄政治經(jīng)濟、文化、社會等方面的最新動態(tài),并將國際共產(chǎn)主義運動最新情況和列寧主義理論最新成果在國內(nèi)推廣。他們創(chuàng)辦報刊、翻譯列寧著作來介紹和宣傳列寧主義,在高校成立理論社團來研究列寧主義,發(fā)動工人運動在反帝反封建斗爭中實踐列寧主義,促進了列寧主義在中國的廣泛傳播。列寧主義在當時社會各界的廣泛傳播,對中國革命運動產(chǎn)生巨大影響。在列寧提倡下建立的共產(chǎn)國際,直接指導創(chuàng)立中國共產(chǎn)黨,并確立了黨的組織制度、組織原則和組織紀律。列寧領(lǐng)導召開的遠東勞苦大眾會議,影響中國共產(chǎn)黨反帝反封建民主革命綱領(lǐng)的制定,中國共產(chǎn)黨進而提出建立民主聯(lián)合戰(zhàn)線,明確了中國革命的性質(zhì)及策略。另外,列寧與共產(chǎn)國際促成國共兩黨的第一次合作,建議中國共產(chǎn)黨與中國國民黨進行黨內(nèi)合作,幫助中國國民黨進行改組,成立中央執(zhí)行委員會和中央監(jiān)察委員會,豐富中國國民黨的政黨理論與體制,并促成黃埔軍校的創(chuàng)立,派駐軍事教員,培育新式革命軍隊,為國民大革命運動積蓄力量。列寧主義在中國的早期傳播過程,即運用列寧主義的立場、觀點和方法來解決中國問題,為中國革命指明方向,對新民主主義革命運動具有直接指導作用。在此后的革命實踐中,中國共產(chǎn)黨自覺將列寧主義與中國革命具體實際相結(jié)合,探索出新民主主義革命道路,形成新民主主義革命理論,豐富和發(fā)展了列寧主義理論,積累的豐富經(jīng)驗,對當前推進馬克思主義中國化、時代化、大眾化具有非常重要的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:The early spread of Leninism in China opened a new chapter in the modern revolutionary history. The author, by combining historical theories with the specific reality of the Chinese revolution at that time, studied the early spread of Leninism in China as a whole and analyzed the direct guidance of Leninism to the Chinese revolutionary movement. It is helpful for us to understand scientifically, adhere to and apply Leninism, and promote the theory and practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Why did Leninism spread widely in modern China? The need of saving the nation from extinction and striving for survival is the greatest social reality. After the failure of the old democratic revolution, the masses of the people urgently needed an advanced ideological theory to guide them. The revolutionary movement of China, and Leninism, as a theory to realize the liberation of the oppressed nation and the proletarian revolution, accorded with the needs of the times and gained the recognition of the advanced intellectuals. Leninism was spread rapidly in China at that time. The early spread of Leninism in China included foreign students and domestic political parties. Foreign students in France and China translated the commentary articles of western scholars on Lenin and his works, and brought the translated version back to China for dissemination. The Oriental University of Moscow was founded. After the victory of the October Revolution, a large number of progressive young people set up organizations throughout the country to study and propagate Leninism and the Russian proletarian revolution, and gradually developed into Communist groups, laying a foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China. The Chinese Communist Party, as the Far East Branch of the Communist International, actively conveyed the latest spirit of the Communist International directives and sent its members to China after its founding. During the early spread of Leninism in China, the advanced intellectuals introduced Leninism's brilliant image and theory of nation and colony to the masses, widely propagated the news of victory of the October Revolution, and reported extensively on the political, economic, cultural and social aspects of the Soviet Union and Russia. They founded newspapers and periodicals, translated Lenin's works to introduce and publicize Leninism, established theoretical societies in Colleges and universities to study Leninism, mobilized the workers'movement to practice Leninism in the struggle against imperialism and feudalism, and promoted it. The wide spread of Leninism in China. The wide spread of Leninism in all walks of life at that time had a great influence on the Chinese revolutionary movement. The Communist International, established under Lenin's advocacy, directly guided the founding of the Communist Party of China, and established the Party's organizational system, principles and discipline. Lenin led the masses of the Far East laboring. The meeting influenced the formulation of the CPC's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolutionary program. The CPC then proposed the establishment of a Democratic United front, which clarified the nature and strategy of the Chinese revolution. The Kuomintang was reorganized, the Central Executive Committee and the Central Supervisory Committee were set up to enrich the theory and system of the Kuomintang's political parties, and the establishment of the Huangpu Military Academy was facilitated by the establishment of military teachers, the cultivation of new revolutionary armies and the accumulation of strength for the National Revolutionary Movement. Standpoints, viewpoints and methods to solve China's problems have pointed out the direction of the Chinese revolution and played a direct guiding role in the new democratic revolutionary movement. It enriches and develops the theory of Leninism and accumulates rich experience, which has a very important reference for promoting the sinicization, modernization and popularization of Marxism.
【學位授予單位】：魯東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：A82
本文編號：2237157
[Abstract]:The early spread of Leninism in China opened a new chapter in the modern revolutionary history. The author, by combining historical theories with the specific reality of the Chinese revolution at that time, studied the early spread of Leninism in China as a whole and analyzed the direct guidance of Leninism to the Chinese revolutionary movement. It is helpful for us to understand scientifically, adhere to and apply Leninism, and promote the theory and practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Why did Leninism spread widely in modern China? The need of saving the nation from extinction and striving for survival is the greatest social reality. After the failure of the old democratic revolution, the masses of the people urgently needed an advanced ideological theory to guide them. The revolutionary movement of China, and Leninism, as a theory to realize the liberation of the oppressed nation and the proletarian revolution, accorded with the needs of the times and gained the recognition of the advanced intellectuals. Leninism was spread rapidly in China at that time. The early spread of Leninism in China included foreign students and domestic political parties. Foreign students in France and China translated the commentary articles of western scholars on Lenin and his works, and brought the translated version back to China for dissemination. The Oriental University of Moscow was founded. After the victory of the October Revolution, a large number of progressive young people set up organizations throughout the country to study and propagate Leninism and the Russian proletarian revolution, and gradually developed into Communist groups, laying a foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China. The Chinese Communist Party, as the Far East Branch of the Communist International, actively conveyed the latest spirit of the Communist International directives and sent its members to China after its founding. During the early spread of Leninism in China, the advanced intellectuals introduced Leninism's brilliant image and theory of nation and colony to the masses, widely propagated the news of victory of the October Revolution, and reported extensively on the political, economic, cultural and social aspects of the Soviet Union and Russia. They founded newspapers and periodicals, translated Lenin's works to introduce and publicize Leninism, established theoretical societies in Colleges and universities to study Leninism, mobilized the workers'movement to practice Leninism in the struggle against imperialism and feudalism, and promoted it. The wide spread of Leninism in China. The wide spread of Leninism in all walks of life at that time had a great influence on the Chinese revolutionary movement. The Communist International, established under Lenin's advocacy, directly guided the founding of the Communist Party of China, and established the Party's organizational system, principles and discipline. Lenin led the masses of the Far East laboring. The meeting influenced the formulation of the CPC's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolutionary program. The CPC then proposed the establishment of a Democratic United front, which clarified the nature and strategy of the Chinese revolution. The Kuomintang was reorganized, the Central Executive Committee and the Central Supervisory Committee were set up to enrich the theory and system of the Kuomintang's political parties, and the establishment of the Huangpu Military Academy was facilitated by the establishment of military teachers, the cultivation of new revolutionary armies and the accumulation of strength for the National Revolutionary Movement. Standpoints, viewpoints and methods to solve China's problems have pointed out the direction of the Chinese revolution and played a direct guiding role in the new democratic revolutionary movement. It enriches and develops the theory of Leninism and accumulates rich experience, which has a very important reference for promoting the sinicization, modernization and popularization of Marxism.
【學位授予單位】：魯東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：A82
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