馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀及其實踐意義研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-03 20:41
【摘要】：當今社會,生態(tài)危機是擺在人類面前的一個重大的全球性問題。自從人類進入工業(yè)文明以后,科學技術(shù)日新月異、突飛猛進,社會勞動生產(chǎn)力取得了長足的進步。人們一方面享受著技術(shù)的進步和社會經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,滿足于對征服自然所取得的偉大勝利；同時,人類也開始面臨由于過度開采和破壞而引起的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題,使得人類社會賴以發(fā)展的自然開始對社會的存在形成一種巨大的威脅。當前的生態(tài)危機,實質(zhì)就是技術(shù)與人、社會生產(chǎn)、生態(tài)自然之間相互關(guān)系的危機。隨著人類對社會發(fā)展模式的反思,人們越來越重視全球性的生態(tài)危機問題。馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀是對技術(shù)生態(tài)化規(guī)律和技術(shù)應(yīng)用生態(tài)影響的總的看法。世界觀決定方法論,有什么樣的世界觀就有什么樣的方法論�；趥鹘y(tǒng)科學認識形成的傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)觀,是一種生態(tài)意識片面追求經(jīng)濟利益的技術(shù)價值觀。傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)觀支配下的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟活動無節(jié)制地對大自然進行掠奪和征服,大量開采資源、大量生產(chǎn)消費、大量排放廢棄物,毫不顧忌技術(shù)推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程形成的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題及其引發(fā)的人與自然矛盾的尖銳化。馬克思恩格斯的生態(tài)技術(shù)觀具有很強的前瞻性、科學性和實踐價值。中國化馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀在中國現(xiàn)代化進程中不斷深化發(fā)展。馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀不僅批判傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)觀的生態(tài)缺失及其后果影響,而且主張依靠科學發(fā)展和技術(shù)進步提高資源能源利用率減少廢棄物產(chǎn)生,推動循環(huán)經(jīng)濟和低碳經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,保護環(huán)境維持生態(tài)平衡,建設(shè)資源節(jié)約環(huán)境友好型社會和生態(tài)文明。本文以科學技術(shù)與人、社會生產(chǎn)、生態(tài)自然之間的關(guān)系問題為主線,以科學技術(shù)的生態(tài)化轉(zhuǎn)向以及科學技術(shù)與人類社會和生態(tài)自然環(huán)境的和諧化發(fā)展目標取向,根據(jù)馬克思主義自然觀和唯物史觀的基本理論,綜合運用系統(tǒng)分析、歸納演繹、分析綜合、抽象具體以及理論研究與實證分析相結(jié)合等方法,深入的分析、探究了馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀。本文共分為四部分：第一部分,緒論。包括國內(nèi)外研究綜述和本文的目的、方法、意義、主要觀點、創(chuàng)新點。第二部分,生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的內(nèi)涵與特征。通過對農(nóng)業(yè)文明時代和工業(yè)文明時代傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)發(fā)展觀所存在的先天性缺陷的分析,對生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的內(nèi)涵和特征進行系統(tǒng)闡述,提出技術(shù)生態(tài)化轉(zhuǎn)向的必然性與緊迫性。第三部分,馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀。首先對馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的形成背景與發(fā)展歷程進行了梳理,系統(tǒng)地整理、歸納馬克思恩格斯等馬克思主義創(chuàng)始人的著作、資料中的生態(tài)技術(shù)思想,然后總結(jié)闡述了馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的主要內(nèi)容及其主要特征,并對馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的中國化理論成果進行了說明和論述。第四部分,馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的實踐價值意義。這一部分系統(tǒng)闡述馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀的現(xiàn)實意義,從理論和實踐兩方面闡述了馬克思主義生態(tài)技術(shù)觀對促進我國產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)的生態(tài)化轉(zhuǎn)向發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟、低碳經(jīng)濟建設(shè)生態(tài)文明和兩型社會的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:In today's society, the ecological crisis is a major global problem facing mankind. Since mankind entered the industrial civilization, science and technology have changed with each passing day, and social labor productivity has made considerable progress. At the same time, mankind is also beginning to face the ecological environment problems caused by over-exploitation and destruction, which makes the nature on which human society depends begins to form a huge threat to the existence of society. With the reflection of human beings on the mode of social development, people pay more and more attention to the global ecological crisis. Marxist ecological technology view is a general view of the law of technology ecology and the ecological impact of technology application. The traditional technological outlook formed by knowledge is a kind of technological value that one-sidedly pursues the economic interests of the ecological consciousness. Marx and Engels'view of ecological technology has a strong foresight, scientific and practical value. The Sinicized Marxist view of ecological technology has been deepening in the process of China's modernization. Marxist view of ecological technology not only criticizes the ecology of the traditional view of technology. Lack and its consequences, and advocate relying on scientific development and technological progress to improve the utilization of resources and energy to reduce waste generation, promote circular economy and low-carbon economic development, protect the environment to maintain ecological balance, build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and ecological civilization. On the basis of the basic theory of Marxist natural view and historical materialism, this paper comprehensively uses system analysis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstract and concrete, as well as theoretical research and practice. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the introduction, including the domestic and foreign research summary and the purpose, method, significance, main point of view, innovation of this paper. The second part, the connotation and characteristics of the concept of ecological technology. This paper analyzes the congenital defects of the traditional view of Technological Development in the era of civilization, systematically expounds the connotation and characteristics of the view of ecological technology, and puts forward the necessity and urgency of the ecological turn of technology. The third part is the Marxist view of ecological technology. Combing, systematically sorting out and summarizing the works of Marx and Engels and other founders of Marxism, the ecological technology thought in the materials, then summarizing and explaining the main contents and main characteristics of Marxist ecological technology concept, and explaining and discussing the theoretical achievements of the Sinicization of Marxist ecological technology concept. This part systematically expounds the practical significance of Marxist eco-technological concept, and expounds the theoretical and practical significance of Marxist eco-technological concept in promoting the ecological transformation of industrial technology into the development of circular economy, and in building an eco-civilization and a two-oriented society in a low-carbon economy. Practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：山東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：X2;A811
本文編號：2221110
[Abstract]:In today's society, the ecological crisis is a major global problem facing mankind. Since mankind entered the industrial civilization, science and technology have changed with each passing day, and social labor productivity has made considerable progress. At the same time, mankind is also beginning to face the ecological environment problems caused by over-exploitation and destruction, which makes the nature on which human society depends begins to form a huge threat to the existence of society. With the reflection of human beings on the mode of social development, people pay more and more attention to the global ecological crisis. Marxist ecological technology view is a general view of the law of technology ecology and the ecological impact of technology application. The traditional technological outlook formed by knowledge is a kind of technological value that one-sidedly pursues the economic interests of the ecological consciousness. Marx and Engels'view of ecological technology has a strong foresight, scientific and practical value. The Sinicized Marxist view of ecological technology has been deepening in the process of China's modernization. Marxist view of ecological technology not only criticizes the ecology of the traditional view of technology. Lack and its consequences, and advocate relying on scientific development and technological progress to improve the utilization of resources and energy to reduce waste generation, promote circular economy and low-carbon economic development, protect the environment to maintain ecological balance, build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and ecological civilization. On the basis of the basic theory of Marxist natural view and historical materialism, this paper comprehensively uses system analysis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstract and concrete, as well as theoretical research and practice. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the introduction, including the domestic and foreign research summary and the purpose, method, significance, main point of view, innovation of this paper. The second part, the connotation and characteristics of the concept of ecological technology. This paper analyzes the congenital defects of the traditional view of Technological Development in the era of civilization, systematically expounds the connotation and characteristics of the view of ecological technology, and puts forward the necessity and urgency of the ecological turn of technology. The third part is the Marxist view of ecological technology. Combing, systematically sorting out and summarizing the works of Marx and Engels and other founders of Marxism, the ecological technology thought in the materials, then summarizing and explaining the main contents and main characteristics of Marxist ecological technology concept, and explaining and discussing the theoretical achievements of the Sinicization of Marxist ecological technology concept. This part systematically expounds the practical significance of Marxist eco-technological concept, and expounds the theoretical and practical significance of Marxist eco-technological concept in promoting the ecological transformation of industrial technology into the development of circular economy, and in building an eco-civilization and a two-oriented society in a low-carbon economy. Practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：山東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：X2;A811
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