本文選題：馬克思 + 人性��； 參考：《天津社會(huì)科學(xué)》2017年04期

【摘要】：對(duì)德國(guó)國(guó)民性的反思是馬克思一生思考的主要議題之一,其始于馬克思早期作品《獻(xiàn)給父親的詩(shī)作》。馬克思由個(gè)人情感上升到對(duì)人性的反思,用很大的篇幅展示了德國(guó)國(guó)民性中多種負(fù)面的樣態(tài),諸如大言欺世卻懦于行動(dòng)、"在思想的海洋里沉浮"、"與現(xiàn)實(shí)聯(lián)系得過分緊密"、喜好編造和傳播離奇得提不上臺(tái)面的謠言,而這些性格弱點(diǎn)又導(dǎo)致了德國(guó)社會(huì)中的眾生相,比如窮極無聊、附庸風(fēng)雅、昧于規(guī)矩、趨炎附勢(shì)、思維單一、冷酷無情等等。盡管較之于后來基于哲學(xué)和政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)層面的揭示和分析,這里的討論還停留于感性和義憤的層次,但能夠自覺進(jìn)入這一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行探究,并且毫不留情地揭露其表現(xiàn)和癥結(jié),顯現(xiàn)出馬克思思想起源期不俗的開端,充分表明了馬克思這些不無稚嫩的思考的超前性和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)警示意義。
[Abstract]:The reflection on German national character is one of the main topics of Marx's life thinking, which began with Marx's early works "Poems for his father". Marx rose from personal emotion to reflection on human nature, and devoted a great deal of space to showing a variety of negative patterns in German national character. Such as the great words and deceiving the world but cowardly action, "rising and falling in the sea of thought", "too closely connected with reality", like to fabricate and spread strange rumors, and these personality weaknesses led to the appearance of German society, Such as extreme boredom, subservient elegance, ignorance in the rules, aggressive momentum, thinking single, ruthless, and so on. Although the discussion here remains at the level of sensibility and indignation, compared with later revelations and analyses based on philosophical and political economics, it is able to explore this field consciously and unreservedly expose its performance and crux. It shows the beginning of the origin of Marx's thought, which fully shows the forerunner and the long-term warning significance of Marx's thinking.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)哲學(xué)系;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“基于最新文獻(xiàn)的馬克思重要文本再研究”(項(xiàng)目號(hào):14AZX002) 教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究基地項(xiàng)目“馬克思經(jīng)典文本研究及其當(dāng)代價(jià)值”(項(xiàng)目號(hào):16JJD710004)的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：A811
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本文編號(hào)：2104567