發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-02 09:42

  本文選題：馬克思主義 + 傳播和發(fā)展��； 參考：《南開大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：作為外來文化的馬克思主義經(jīng)過傳播發(fā)展,成為中國社會的主導(dǎo)思想,引領(lǐng)中國走上了既不同于經(jīng)典馬克思主義所描述的也不同于蘇聯(lián)模式的中國特色的社會主義道路。這一過程既是中國社會深刻的變革與轉(zhuǎn)型的過程,也是文化的融合與重構(gòu)的過程。于各種思潮之中,為何是馬克思主義引領(lǐng)了中國的社會變革和文化重構(gòu)?一方面是出于中國社會的需要,另一方面是馬克思主義與中國文化具有某些方面的相通,中國存在馬克思主義傳播和發(fā)展的文化基礎(chǔ)�？梢哉f馬克思主義作為一種正確的思想在正確的時(shí)間出現(xiàn)在中國的思想文化和政治領(lǐng)域。因此本文從馬克思主義傳入中國的社會背景著手,分析馬克思主義傳入中國的文化條件,進(jìn)而從不同范疇討論馬克思主義與中國文化的相通,尋找馬克思主義在中國傳播的文化基礎(chǔ),使人們從理論高度對這一有著必然性的歷史過程有更深刻的認(rèn)識,在此基礎(chǔ)上可以指導(dǎo)中國文化發(fā)展的具體實(shí)踐。 引言部分主要介紹了選題緣起和意義、研究綜述、研究方法、創(chuàng)新與不足等。第一章是從中國社會文化轉(zhuǎn)型的角度來研究馬克思主義傳播的時(shí)代背景與文化條件。一個社會必然要有主導(dǎo)的文化觀念與價(jià)值體系,第一章首先分析中國原有的制度危機(jī)與儒學(xué)作為封建社會主導(dǎo)文化的衰落與終結(jié),指出中國不僅需要社會制度的徹底變革,與之相伴也必須進(jìn)行文化的轉(zhuǎn)型與重構(gòu),這是外來文化傳播的時(shí)代與文化契機(jī)。在此基礎(chǔ)上分析西學(xué)東漸以來中國人以現(xiàn)代化為目標(biāo)所走過的文化路徑,最終把目光鎖定于馬克思主義。 第二至第五章構(gòu)成了論文的主體部分,分別從文化主體、理想社會觀、民本思想、實(shí)踐觀和思維方式等幾個范疇來討論馬克思主義與中國固有文化元素的相通性,明確馬克思主義在中國傳播發(fā)展的文化基礎(chǔ)問題。第二章主要分析馬克思主義傳播的文化主體。知識分子群體是馬克思主義在中國初期傳播的文化主體,這是由中國知識分子的群體特點(diǎn)決定的；同時(shí)這一群體承擔(dān)起了文化的啟蒙者和傳播的思想先鋒的作用,在不同文化路徑的論爭中確立了馬克思主義在中國社會文化變革中的主導(dǎo)地位；此外隨著馬克思主義的廣泛傳播,其文化傳播主體必然要與階級主體相統(tǒng)一,無產(chǎn)階級是其深入發(fā)展的大眾文化主體,通過他們的實(shí)踐活動把馬克思主義這一科學(xué)的理論變?yōu)樽兏铿F(xiàn)實(shí)的物質(zhì)力量；這個過程中中國共產(chǎn)黨作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量起到了巨大的推動作用。第三章主要分析馬克思主義在中國傳播發(fā)展的文化心理基礎(chǔ),這種文化心理的具體表現(xiàn)就是中國文化中對大同社會這個社會理想的追尋。伴隨著中國文化的發(fā)展,關(guān)于大同社會的文化理想經(jīng)歷了從建構(gòu)到深化的過程,成為中國文化具有代表性的文化符號；近代以來這種文化訴求深刻影響著不同階級對中國出路的探索和對理想社會的追求；最終無產(chǎn)階級的文化理想統(tǒng)一在共產(chǎn)主義這一帶有鮮明階級選擇性、科學(xué)性又能映射傳統(tǒng)文化訴求的社會形態(tài)上,這一文化理想上的相通對馬克思主義的傳播是十分重要的。第四章分析馬克思主義與中國傳統(tǒng)文化中的民本思想的相通性。中國的傳統(tǒng)的人本思想雖然具有階級和時(shí)代的局限性,但是其對人的主體價(jià)值的肯定、對人民群眾主體作用的認(rèn)同建起了一座與馬克思主義相通的橋梁,二者的相通之處在于對人的價(jià)值的認(rèn)同,這是馬克思主義傳播發(fā)展的價(jià)值認(rèn)同基礎(chǔ)。第五章首先分析馬克思主義的實(shí)踐觀與傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)的知行觀的相通性,雖然中國傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)沒有形成可與馬克思主義實(shí)踐觀相比肩的理論體系,但是已形成與馬克思主義實(shí)踐觀與認(rèn)識論相對應(yīng)的哲學(xué)范疇,在一些基本認(rèn)識上也是相通的；然后分析中國哲學(xué)樸素的唯物論思想和辯證的思維方式與馬克思主義的唯物主義和唯物辯證法的相通,雖然雙方從科學(xué)性、系統(tǒng)性等諸方面不可同日而語,但也為馬克思主義在中國的傳播和發(fā)展提供了思維方式和行為方式的基礎(chǔ)。 結(jié)語部分首先對馬克思主義作為外來文化與中國近代社會轉(zhuǎn)型和革命需要相吻合、與中國傳統(tǒng)文化的共通性進(jìn)行總結(jié),明確馬克思主義傳播和發(fā)展的社會的、文化的基礎(chǔ)的過程實(shí)際上也是證明其合理性與必然性的過程。然后文中繼續(xù)分析中國的社會文化的現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中存在的對馬克思主義的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的不利因素,最終提出馬克思主義在中國發(fā)展的途徑問題。
[Abstract]:As a foreign culture, Marx's doctrine has become the leading thought of Chinese society through the spread and development, leading China to the socialist road which is different from the Chinese characteristic of the Soviet model, which is different from the classic Marx doctrine, which is different from the Soviet model. This process is not only a process of profound transformation and transformation of Chinese society, but also a cultural blend. In all kinds of ideological trend of thought, why is Marx's doctrine leading China's social change and cultural reconstruction? On the one hand, it is from the needs of Chinese society, on the other hand, there are some aspects of Marx's and Chinese culture, and the cultural foundation of the spread and development of Marx's doctrine in China. As a correct thought, Kyth's doctrine appears at the right time in the ideological and cultural and political fields in China. Therefore, this article begins with the introduction of the social background of Marx into China, analyzes the cultural conditions of Marx's introduction to China, and then discusses the interlinking of Marx's and Chinese culture from different categories to find Marx. The cultural foundation of the spread in China has made people more deeply aware of this historical process of necessity from the theoretical level, and on this basis can guide the concrete practice of the development of Chinese culture.
The introduction mainly introduces the origin and significance of the topic, the research review, the research method, the innovation and the deficiency. The first chapter is the study of the era background and cultural conditions of Marx's communication from the perspective of social and cultural transformation in China. A society must have a dominant cultural concept and value system. The first chapter is the first analysis of the original China. As the decline and end of the institutional crisis and Confucianism as the dominant culture of the feudal society, it is pointed out that China needs not only the thorough transformation of the social system, but also the transformation and reconstruction of culture. This is the time and cultural opportunity of the spread of foreign culture. On this basis, the Chinese people have been analyzing the modernization as the goal of the Chinese people since the western learning. The cultural path has finally locked its eyes on Marx doctrine.
The second to fifth chapters constitute the main part of the thesis, and discuss the interlinking of Marx's doctrine and the Chinese cultural elements from the cultural subject, the ideal social view, the people based idea, the practice view and the way of thinking, and clarify the cultural foundation of the spread and development of Marx doctrine in China. The second chapter mainly analyzes Marx. The cultural subject of the spread of the doctrine. The intellectual group is the cultural subject of the Marx doctrine in the early China, which is determined by the group characteristics of the Chinese intellectuals. At the same time, this group has played the role of the cultural enlightenment and the thought pioneer of communication, and established the Marx doctrine in the controversy of different literary paths. In addition, with the wide spread of Marx's doctrine, the main body of cultural communication must be unified with the class subject, and the proletariat is the mass cultural subject of its deep development. Through their practical activities, the theory of Marx doctrine is transformed into the material force of changing reality. In this process, the Communist Party of China has played a great role in promoting the leadership. The third chapter mainly analyzes the cultural and psychological basis of the spread and development of Marx's doctrine in China. The concrete manifestation of this cultural psychology is the pursuit of the social ideal of the Datong society in Chinese culture. The cultural ideal of society has gone through the process of construction and deepening, which has become the representative cultural symbol of Chinese culture. Since modern times, this cultural appeal has deeply influenced the exploration of different classes on China's way out and the pursuit of ideal society. In the social form that is selective and scientific and can map the demands of traditional culture, the interlinking of this cultural ideal is very important to the spread of Marx's doctrine. The fourth chapter analyzes the interconnection between Marx doctrine and the traditional Chinese traditional culture. It is the affirmation of the main body value of the people, and the identification of the role of the masses of the people has built a bridge with the Marx doctrine. The similarities between the two are the identification of the value of human beings. This is the basis of the value identification of the spread of Marx doctrine. The fifth chapter analyzes the practice view of Marx and the knowledge of the traditional philosophy. The interlinking of the view of practice, although Chinese traditional philosophy has not formed a theoretical system that can be compared with Marx's view of practice, it has formed a philosophical category corresponding to the theory of practice and epistemology of Marx, and it is also interlinked in some basic understandings; then it analyses the materialism and dialectical thinking of the plain of Chinese philosophy. The mode is connected with the materialism and materialist dialectics of Marx doctrine. Although both sides can not be the same day from the aspects of science and systematicness, it also provides the basis for the way of thinking and behavior for the spread and development of Marx doctrine in China.
In the concluding part, it is the first to make a conclusion of the Marx doctrine as a foreign culture and the needs of the modern Chinese social transformation and revolution, to sum up the commonality with the traditional Chinese culture, to make clear that the process of the spread and development of Marx doctrine and the foundation of culture is actually a process to prove its rationality and inevitability. This paper analyzes the negative factors of the further development of Marx doctrine in the realistic environment of Chinese social culture, and finally puts forward the way of the development of Marx doctrine in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：A811;D61

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