本文選題：馬克思 + 恩格斯�。� 參考：《貴州大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：十九世紀中期,德國實現(xiàn)了國家統(tǒng)一,這不僅符合德意志民族的根本利益,而且為日后德國的崛起創(chuàng)造了條件。馬克思恩格斯對社會革命關(guān)注的同時,對德國統(tǒng)一問題也十分重視。對馬恩關(guān)于德國統(tǒng)一思想的研究不僅有助于我們進一步認識馬克思主義思想體系,還對實現(xiàn)中華民族的偉大復(fù)興具有重要借鑒意義。目前,國內(nèi)有關(guān)馬恩德國統(tǒng)一思想的研究著作較少,因此,本文主要在搜集馬恩原始文獻的基礎(chǔ)上提取出有關(guān)思想,并結(jié)合我國的具體實際,進而提出對我國的啟示意義。本文主要分為三大部分:第一部分主要闡述了馬恩德國統(tǒng)一思想提出的背景。其中,十九世紀中期歐洲資產(chǎn)階級的壯大、經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展及民族意識的增強這些都是時代背景,而歐洲大陸民族矛盾的激化、分裂現(xiàn)實與統(tǒng)一愿望的矛盾突顯則是民族背景,除此之外,馬恩對自己祖國的熱愛和一系列的愛國實踐是個人背景。第二部分主要闡述了馬恩德國統(tǒng)一思想的基本內(nèi)容,首先是馬恩有關(guān)統(tǒng)一歷史條件的闡述,包括實現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一的必要性(主要是“經(jīng)濟上的必要”)、可能性(發(fā)達的經(jīng)濟、強大的軍事實力、民族成分單一、俾斯麥的重要作用);其次是有關(guān)統(tǒng)一目標的闡述,即要求建立一個“統(tǒng)一的、不可分割的民主共和國”,這其中還包含了馬恩有關(guān)大小德意志方案、中央與地方關(guān)系及政治體制上的主張;再次是有關(guān)統(tǒng)一策略的闡述,馬恩關(guān)于統(tǒng)一的策略經(jīng)歷了從走公開革命的道路到承認王朝戰(zhàn)爭的轉(zhuǎn)變;接下來是有關(guān)統(tǒng)一經(jīng)過的闡述,這部分主要描述了馬恩對待普丹戰(zhàn)爭、普奧戰(zhàn)爭及普法戰(zhàn)爭的基本態(tài)度;下面是有關(guān)統(tǒng)一重要標志的闡述,即馬恩對于關(guān)稅同盟的建立及《普國普通義務(wù)教育法》頒布的看法;最后是關(guān)于統(tǒng)一意義的闡述,馬恩認為德國統(tǒng)一不僅能夠促進經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展、打破歐洲傳統(tǒng)政局、實現(xiàn)國家崛起,還創(chuàng)造了國際合作的先決條件。第三部分主要是結(jié)合我國具體實際,提出了以下三方面啟示:(一)反對聯(lián)邦政體,完善中央集權(quán)(二)掃除貿(mào)易障礙,實行自由貿(mào)易(三)普及義務(wù)教育,實現(xiàn)人的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the nineteenth century, Germany realized national unity, which not only conforms to the fundamental interests of the German nation, but also creates conditions for the rise of Germany in the future. While Marx and Engels paid close attention to the social revolution, they also attached great importance to the unification of Germany. The study of Marx's thought on German unification is not only helpful for us to further understand the Marxist thought system, but also has important reference significance for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. At present, there are few researches on the thought of German unification of Man in China. Therefore, based on the collection of the original literature, this paper extracts the relevant ideas, and combines the concrete practice of our country, and then puts forward the enlightenment significance to our country. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part mainly expounds the background of German unification thought. Among them, the enlargement of European bourgeoisie, the rapid development of economy and the enhancement of national consciousness in the middle of the 19th century are all the background of the times, while the intensification of the national contradictions in the European continent, the contradiction between the split reality and the unity desire is the national background. In addition, Man's love of his country and a series of patriotic practices is a personal background. The second part mainly expounds the basic content of the thought of German unification of Man. Firstly, it expounds the historical conditions of unification, including the necessity of realizing unification (mainly the necessity of economy) and the possibility (developed economy). Strong military strength, a single ethnic composition, and the important role of Bismarck, followed by the articulation of the goal of reunification, which calls for the establishment of a "unified and indivisible democratic republic", It also included the proposals of Marne on the German program, central and local relations, and the political system; and again, the elaboration of a unified strategy. Mann's strategy for unification underwent a transition from an open revolution to a war of recognition of the dynasty, followed by an elaboration of the course of unification, which mainly described the way in which Man treated the Pudan War. The basic attitude of the Pu-O War and the Pu-France War; the following is the elaboration of the important symbol of unification, that is, Man's views on the establishment of the Customs Union and the promulgation of the General compulsory Education Law of the country; and finally on the meaning of unification. Mann believes that German reunification not only can promote rapid economic development, break the traditional political situation in Europe, but also create a prerequisite for international cooperation. The third part mainly combines our country concrete reality, has proposed the following three aspects enlightenment: (1) opposes the federal government, consummates the centralization power (2) removes the trade barrier, implements the free trade (3) popularizes the compulsory education, realizes the human development.
【學位授予單位】：貴州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：A811

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本文編號：1992546