本文選題：功利 + 馬克思功利思想　； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今，正處于大變革中的中國的意識形態(tài)和價(jià)值觀，呈現(xiàn)出價(jià)值共識與價(jià)值多元并存的特點(diǎn)；中國的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀受到了西方發(fā)達(dá)國家個(gè)人主義、自由主義以及功利主義等價(jià)值觀念的沖擊，在這種復(fù)雜的環(huán)境下，研究馬克思功利思想顯得益發(fā)有意義。本論文研究的目的在于通過分析馬克思思想中的第一價(jià)值來說明馬克思功利思想的真正內(nèi)涵和原則，進(jìn)而確立我們應(yīng)該遵循的價(jià)值原則。 課題研究采用了對比分析、歸納和演繹相結(jié)合等研究方法，，通過與密爾的功利主義相比較，分析總結(jié)了馬克功利思想的形成過程、基本的價(jià)值原則以及馬克思功利思想的內(nèi)涵并進(jìn)一步闡釋了馬克思功利思想對當(dāng)代的影響。 與功利主義單純從人的自然性出發(fā)以“趨樂避苦”為價(jià)值判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同，馬克思功利思想是在借鑒了經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義、自由主義以及功利主義中合理的成分后從人的雙重性出發(fā)，提出了人的本質(zhì)這一概念；并且把自由（作為自我決定）、人類共同體和自我實(shí)現(xiàn)作為首要價(jià)值。在此基礎(chǔ)上闡釋了正義要由自由（作為自我的決定）、人類共同體和自我實(shí)現(xiàn)為其辯護(hù)，而不是由制度本身得到自明，這從根本上否定了功利主義為資本主義社會辯護(hù)的正義性，并進(jìn)一步主張消除“異化”，否定物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)與物質(zhì)占有的對立，提倡盡最大可能滿足社會全體成員的利益要求。在實(shí)現(xiàn)人類整體福利的方法上馬克思則強(qiáng)調(diào)通過革命的手段來實(shí)現(xiàn)，他認(rèn)為物質(zhì)只能靠物質(zhì)的力量來消除，而革命的依靠力量則是無產(chǎn)階級；在個(gè)人與社會利益的關(guān)系上馬克思主張用集體主義來規(guī)范人的行為，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)人的解放。
[Abstract]:Today, China's ideology and values, which are undergoing great transformation, are characterized by the coexistence of value consensus and value pluralism, and Chinese traditional values are subject to individualism in western developed countries. With the impact of liberalism and utilitarianism, it is more and more meaningful to study Marx's utilitarian thought in this complicated environment. The purpose of this thesis is to explain the real connotation and principle of Marx's utilitarian thought by analyzing the first value in Marx's thought, and then to establish the value principle that we should follow. The research uses comparative analysis, inductive and deductive research methods, through comparing with Mill's utilitarianism, it analyzes and summarizes the forming process of Mark's utilitarian thought. The basic value principle and the connotation of Marx's utilitarian thought and further explain the influence of Marx's utilitarian thought on the contemporary. Different from utilitarianism, which is based solely on the nature of man, Marx's utilitarian thought is based on the duality of man after drawing lessons from empiricism, liberalism and reasonable elements of utilitarianism. This paper puts forward the concept of human nature and regards freedom (as self-determination, human community and self-actualization) as the primary value. On this basis, it explains that justice should be defended by freedom (as the decision of the self, the human community and self-realization, rather than by the system itself), which fundamentally negates the justice of utilitarianism in defending capitalist society. It also advocates to eliminate "alienation", negate the opposition between material production and material possession, and advocate that the interests of all members of society should be satisfied as far as possible. Marx emphasized the method of realizing the whole welfare of human being by means of revolution. He thought that matter can only be eliminated by material force, while revolutionary power is proletariat. In the relationship between individual and social interests, Marx advocated collectivism to regulate human behavior and finally realize human liberation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：A811

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本文編號：1989079