本文選題：馬克思的需要理論 + 以人為本��； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：從人類(lèi)誕生之日起，圍繞人的生存和發(fā)展的一系列問(wèn)題都成為各國(guó)學(xué)者們研究和探討的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。對(duì)人的一切問(wèn)題的思考和研究是馬克思創(chuàng)立新思維的重要前提。對(duì)人的生存和發(fā)展的關(guān)注使馬克思和恩格斯成為革命民主主義者，并且把這份關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣伯a(chǎn)主義者的主要?jiǎng)恿�。馬克思在《德意志意識(shí)形態(tài)》中第一次提到了人的需要問(wèn)題。這是一個(gè)半世紀(jì)之前學(xué)者們對(duì)人的需要問(wèn)題的重視，同時(shí)也表明了當(dāng)時(shí)人們對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的人開(kāi)始關(guān)注了。其實(shí)在馬克思創(chuàng)立需要理論之前，人類(lèi)古代就已經(jīng)有關(guān)于人的需要問(wèn)題的記載了，只是沒(méi)有形成系統(tǒng)的理論體系。對(duì)于有著五千年歷史文化的中國(guó)，關(guān)于人的需要的論述是不勝其數(shù)的，但是他們的需要理論大多數(shù)都是以“欲望”的說(shuō)法來(lái)記載的，其意義是相同的。在西方，對(duì)人的需要問(wèn)題的論述最早出現(xiàn)在古希臘哲學(xué)家的著作里。不管是西方的還是東方的人的需要理論，也不論他們是出于維護(hù)統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的利益還是為了宣揚(yáng)宗教神學(xué)的目的，總之，，他們的需要理論對(duì)今天我們繼續(xù)研究人的需要問(wèn)題提供了理論來(lái)源和理論支持。新時(shí)期，改革開(kāi)放30年以來(lái)，我國(guó)提出的“以人為本”的科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)，并結(jié)合馬克思的需要理論，體現(xiàn)了我們關(guān)注人、重視民生和尊重人權(quán)，真正把人們的利益作為最高的價(jià)值取向。但是，在經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的背后，伴隨著各種復(fù)雜矛盾的接踵而至。在這種背景下我們提出“以人為本”的思想觀(guān)，重新喚醒了我們對(duì)馬克思需要理論的再認(rèn)識(shí)。一個(gè)半世紀(jì)的今天，人的需要問(wèn)題更加多元化了，并且已成為哲學(xué)、政治學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)等多個(gè)學(xué)科研究的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題和熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。本文從哲學(xué)、政治學(xué)等多個(gè)角度來(lái)研究“以人為本”，從“以人為本”產(chǎn)生的思想來(lái)源到馬克思對(duì)以人為本的理解，用多學(xué)科交叉分析方法探討了馬克思的需要理論與以人為本的關(guān)系。通過(guò)分析馬克思的需要理論，尤其是結(jié)合每個(gè)時(shí)期的社會(huì)現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展變化，全方位、多層次地深入研究以人為本與人的需要問(wèn)題的關(guān)系，能更加深入地體會(huì)到廣大人民群眾真正所需是什么，更加合理地建立一個(gè)能夠滿(mǎn)足廣大人民群眾需要的社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of human beings, a series of problems around the survival and development of human beings have become the focus of research and discussion by scholars all over the world. It is an important premise for Marx to establish new thinking by thinking and studying all human problems. The concern for the survival and development of man made Marx and Engels a revolutionary Democrat and turned this concern into the main motive force of the Communists. Marx first mentioned the need of man in German ideology. This is a century and a half ago scholars pay attention to human needs, but also shows that people began to pay attention to real life. In fact, before Marx founded the theory of need, the human needs had been recorded in ancient times, but there was no systematic theoretical system. For China with five thousand years of history and culture, there are countless expositions on human needs, but most of their needs theories are recorded by the term "desire", the meaning of which is the same. In the West, the discussion of human needs first appeared in the writings of ancient Greek philosophers. Whether it is the theory of the needs of the people in the West or the East, whether they are in the interests of the ruling class or for the purpose of promoting religious theology, Their theory of needs provides theoretical support for us to continue to study human needs today. In the new era and 30 years of reform and opening up, the scientific development concept of "people-oriented" put forward by our country, combined with Marx's theory of needs, embodies our concern for people, people's livelihood and respect for human rights. Truly regard people's interests as the highest value orientation. However, behind the rapid economic development, accompanied by a variety of complex contradictions followed. Under this background, we put forward the idea of "people first", and reawakened our understanding of Marx's theory of need. Today, human needs have become more diversified, and have become the key and hot issues in philosophy, political science, sociology and many other disciplines. This paper studies "people-oriented" from philosophy, political science and other angles, from the thought of "people-oriented" to Marx's understanding of people-oriented. This paper discusses the relationship between Marx's theory of needs and people-oriented by the method of multi-disciplinary cross-analysis. Through the analysis of Marx's theory of needs, especially combining with the social situation and its development and changes in each period, the relationship between people-oriented and human needs is studied in a comprehensive and multi-level way. We can get a deeper understanding of what the masses really need and more reasonably build a harmonious socialist society which can meet the needs of the broad masses of the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：A811;B038

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉琳;當(dāng)代大學(xué)生馬克思主義信仰問(wèn)題研究[D];江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：1790402