本文選題：意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)　切入點：主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：意識形態(tài)是一種思想觀念體系,包含了一個時代的政治學(xué)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)、法學(xué)、哲學(xué)等許多理論和思想,這些“思想的集合”組成了一個社會的主導(dǎo)意識。由于意識形態(tài)的泛化特征,很容易使人抓不住其內(nèi)在的核心理念而將其視為特定時代的一種宣傳機器和政策性語言的代名詞。因此,主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)的研究要走向深入,必須選取一種恰當(dāng)?shù)囊暯?以把握意識形態(tài)發(fā)展及演變的內(nèi)在脈絡(luò)。研究意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)并以此為方法論來解析中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)的理論和現(xiàn)實問題,有助于樹立意識形態(tài)的文化品格,更好地發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)的功能。 關(guān)于意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),主要是認(rèn)識論層面上的功能性結(jié)構(gòu)。意識形態(tài)作為一個系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),具有整體性特征。以往的研究主要從揭示“意識形態(tài)為經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)所決定”這一本質(zhì)規(guī)定出發(fā),從政治法律思想、道德、宗教、哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)等表現(xiàn)形式與經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)的遠(yuǎn)近,提出意識形態(tài)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)。本研究進一步把意識形態(tài)本身作為一種具有相對獨立性的現(xiàn)象,當(dāng)作一種能夠發(fā)揮整體性功能的有機體,揭示其生成和運行機理。構(gòu)成意識形態(tài)的各要素因其不同的排列組合而形成不同的類型,主要有主導(dǎo)型、交互型和遞進型三種基本方式。通過概括提煉國內(nèi)外學(xué)者的相關(guān)論述,初步提出了意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)理論,闡述了意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的層次、要素、類型、功能等關(guān)系理論,體現(xiàn)了一般意義上的意識形態(tài)內(nèi)容和形式的統(tǒng)一,為主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)的整體性功能發(fā)揮提供了充分的理據(jù)。 依據(jù)馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家對意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)層次的理解,從總體上講分為思想理論和社會心理兩個層面。思想理論層面,又從深層結(jié)構(gòu)和表層結(jié)構(gòu)兩個具體層次展開,以體現(xiàn)內(nèi)生的理論基礎(chǔ)和外向的指導(dǎo)作用的關(guān)系。 思想理論層面的深層結(jié)構(gòu)由認(rèn)知解釋、價值信仰和實施策略三要素及其關(guān)系構(gòu)成。中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)之所以發(fā)揮其辯護、凝聚和導(dǎo)向功能,正是認(rèn)知解釋的科學(xué)性、價值信仰的崇高性和實施策略的可行性的高度結(jié)合。以此來關(guān)照現(xiàn)實,可以幫助我們總結(jié)意識形態(tài)建設(shè)中的常見教訓(xùn)：“意識形態(tài)飄浮”,意指大眾傳媒鋪天蓋地大張旗鼓地宣傳某種意識形態(tài),可是,這種意識形態(tài)仍不能深入人心,甚至引起人們的逆反心理而飄浮在空中。從意識形態(tài)深層結(jié)構(gòu)組成三要素來看,任何一個要素出現(xiàn)問題,都足以造成這種現(xiàn)象。意識形態(tài)賴以建立的知識前提缺乏科學(xué)性而失去可信性,意識形態(tài)的價值信仰失去正當(dāng)性而失去整合力,意識形態(tài)目標(biāo)策略缺乏可行性就會導(dǎo)致知行分離。因此,研究意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的實際價值在于揭示中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)問題背后的癥結(jié),有利于統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識,樹立馬克思主義理論權(quán)威。 從意識形態(tài)的表層結(jié)構(gòu)看,主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)(馬克思主義)和非主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)(包括各種社會思潮)之間形成了“一與多”的結(jié)構(gòu)格局。根據(jù)不同的地位和特性決定意識形態(tài)主導(dǎo)與從屬的關(guān)系。中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)表層結(jié)構(gòu)就是“一元主導(dǎo),多樣并存”的主從式結(jié)構(gòu)。由此,我們深刻地認(rèn)識到,面對意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域“去意識形態(tài)”和“泛意識形態(tài)”的思潮,強調(diào)“堅持和鞏固馬克思主義在意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域的指導(dǎo)地位”和“堅持一元,包容多樣”的觀點,并不是意識形態(tài)的宣傳語詞,而是意識形態(tài)表層結(jié)構(gòu)建設(shè)的立場,也是中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)合法性、合理性的必然要求。 以意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)理論為鑰匙,史論結(jié)合,動態(tài)考察建國60多年來中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)的發(fā)展過程。在不同的時期由于不同的運行方式形成了意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的不同形態(tài)。從意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)三要素及其作用方式出發(fā),追溯了中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)深層結(jié)構(gòu)從適度整合、到高度同構(gòu)、再到合理分離的變化過程,表層結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)歷了由“混合多元”到指導(dǎo)思想一元化,再到意識形態(tài)一元化,直到現(xiàn)在“一元主導(dǎo),多樣并存”的形態(tài)變化。研究指出,當(dāng)代中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)在動態(tài)運行中形成意識形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)型,從封閉走向開放,從單一趨向復(fù)合,體現(xiàn)符合國情的結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新。具體而言,就是加強理論創(chuàng)新,增強理論解釋力；弱化價值理想為高度聚合的結(jié)構(gòu),回歸價值主導(dǎo)而非支配的功能；在認(rèn)知和信念相互契合的同時,強調(diào)發(fā)展績效、內(nèi)外和諧的戰(zhàn)略舉措。特別是以改革開放為分界點,意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)從高度合一到各歸其位,相互印證,實現(xiàn)主導(dǎo)型結(jié)構(gòu)向交互型結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化,這是一次深刻的結(jié)構(gòu)更替和創(chuàng)新。 總結(jié)和反思當(dāng)前意識形態(tài)領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)的諸多困境,從結(jié)構(gòu)角度分析,正是源于建設(shè)過程中的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾長期存在且沒有得到很好地解決。通過重點探討要素之間和作用方式上的幾對矛盾范疇：理論與價值、理想與現(xiàn)實、思想與決策、主導(dǎo)與均衡、排他性和包容性、繼承和創(chuàng)新、主體建構(gòu)與理論認(rèn)知等,為當(dāng)前和今后解決意識形態(tài)問題找準(zhǔn)切入點。同時,分析了影響結(jié)構(gòu)生成運行的制約因素,從思想領(lǐng)域各種思潮起伏、現(xiàn)實環(huán)境的深刻變化、主體結(jié)構(gòu)的豐富多樣三方面進行了針對性論述,提出了中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)。 理論創(chuàng)新和實踐訴求是馬克思主義作為思想價值體系為大眾認(rèn)同的必要路徑。當(dāng)前,加強中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)建設(shè),以意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為視域,在內(nèi)生的理論基礎(chǔ)層面,優(yōu)化意識形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)要素和運行方式,推進交互型結(jié)構(gòu)的整體聯(lián)動。既與時俱進地做好理論創(chuàng)新工作,賦予傳統(tǒng)意識形態(tài)話語新的內(nèi)涵,又充分體現(xiàn)以人為本、和諧發(fā)展的核心價值,并在實踐策略上結(jié)合國情,在民眾心理認(rèn)同上下功夫。在外在的功能發(fā)揮層面,完善主從式結(jié)構(gòu),掌握馬克思主義話語主導(dǎo)權(quán),從社會生活的各個層面(政治生活、思想文化生活和日常生活)進一步做好理論的解釋、說服和引導(dǎo)工作,使中國主導(dǎo)意識形態(tài)建設(shè)實現(xiàn)內(nèi)和諧和外適應(yīng),能動作用于國家、社會和人的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The ideology is a kind of ideological system, including political science, an era of economics, law, and many theories and philosophy, "these ideas set" dominant consciousness in a society. The generalization of the characteristics of ideology, it is easy to make people can not grasp the core concept and its inherent as a synonym for publicity language machine and policy specific times. Therefore, the research of the dominant ideology to go deeper, to choose a proper perspective, to grasp the development and evolution of intrinsic ideology. Ideology research structure and as a methodology to analyze the China dominant ideology theoretical and practical issue. Helps to establish the ideology of cultural character, better play the leading function of ideology.
On the ideological structure, functional structure is mainly epistemological level. Ideology as a system structure with integrated features. Previous studies mainly from revealing the "ideology as the economic base determines the nature of the provisions", from the political and legal ideology, morality, religion, philosophy, art and other forms of economic and based on the distance, the hierarchical structure of ideology. This study further to the ideology itself as a relatively independent phenomenon, as a whole can play the function of the organism, reveal the formation and operation mechanism. These elements constitute ideology because of its different combinations to form different types, mainly leading, three basic ways of interaction and progressive. Through summarizing relevant discussion of scholars at home and abroad, put forward the ideology structure theory. The theory of hierarchy, elements, types and functions of ideology structure is discussed. It reflects the unity of ideology content and form in general sense, and provides sufficient motivation for the overall function of leading ideology.
On the basis of classical writer Marx understanding of the ideological level, generally divided into two aspects of ideological theory and social psychology. The ideological and theoretical level, and from the deep structure and surface structure of two specific level, to guide the theoretical foundation and reflect the endogenous outward.
The deep structure of Ideological and theoretical level by cognitive explanation, a value belief and implementation strategy of three elements and their relationship. Chinese leading ideology exerts its defense, cohesion and guidance function, it is scientific cognitive interpretation, highly combined with the feasibility and implementation strategies of lofty beliefs of the value. In order to take care of reality, can help us summarize the common lesson of ideology construction in "ideological floating", means of mass media propaganda ideology, put up a pageantry overwhelming, but this ideology still not deep into the heart, and even cause people's rebellious and floating in the air. From the deep structure of ideology consists of three factors, one factor is sufficient to cause the problems. Phenomenon.but lost credibility depends on the premise of knowledge ideology lack science, ideology The value of faith lost its legitimacy and lose the integration, the lack of feasibility will target ideology strategy leads to separation of knowledge and action. Therefore, the actual value of the structure of ideology is to reveal the ideology behind the leading China crux, in favor of a unified understanding of Kyth's theory of authority, the tree immediately.
From the surface structure of ideology, dominant ideology (Marx doctrine) and non dominant ideology (including social thought) formed between "one" and "many" of the structure. According to the status and characteristics of different dominant and subordinate decision ideology. Chinese dominant ideology is "a dominant element of surface structure, master-slave structure diversity the coexistence of". Thus, we are deeply aware that in the face of ideology "ideology" and "Pan ideology" thought, emphasize "to uphold and consolidate the Marx doctrine in the ideology guiding position" and "stick to one yuan, inclusive and diverse" point of view, and propaganda words is not ideology, but the construction of the surface structure of the ideological position, but also Chinese dominant ideology legitimacy, rationality of the inevitable requirement.
In the ideological structure theory as the key, the combination of history and development process of dynamic study of more than 60 years since the founding of the dominant ideology. Chinese in different periods with different modes of operation of different forms of ideology structure. Starting from the ideology of the three structural elements and its role, China traces the dominant ideology of deep structure from conformity to the height of isomorphism then, to change reasonable separation process, the surface structure experienced by the "mixed" into the guiding ideology, to unified ideology, until now "one main guide, the morphological changes of the coexistence of diverse". The study pointed out that the contemporary Chinese dominant ideology in dynamic operation to form the ideological transformation, from closed to open, from a single trend compound, reflect the structure of innovation in line with national conditions. Specifically, is to strengthen the theoretical innovation, strengthen theoretical explanation Force; weaken the value ideal of the height of the structure of the polymerization, the return value of dominant and non dominated function; in the cognition and belief fit each other at the same time, emphasizing the development of performance, strategy of harmonious. Especially in the reform and opening up as the cut-off point, the structure of ideology from a high degree of unity to their places, with each other, to achieve the leading structure structure to interactive, this is a profound structural change and innovation.
Many difficulties appear summary and reflection in the ideological field, from the structural analysis point of view, it is due to the structural contradictions in the process of the construction of long-term existence and have not been well resolved. By focusing on several of the contradiction between the elements and mode of action: Theory and value, ideal and reality, thinking and decision making, leading with balanced, exclusive and inclusive, inheritance and innovation, subject construction and cognitive theory, solved the problem of ideology for the current and future starting points. At the same time, analyzed the influence factors of the structure generation operation, all from the ideological field of thoughts, profound change of the realistic environment, the main structure of the various aspects of the three discuss, put forward new challenges China dominant ideology.
Theoretical innovation and practical demands is the necessary path of the Marx doctrine as the ideological value system for public recognition. At present, to strengthen the construction of ideology Chinese led by ideology from the perspective of structure, level, theoretical basis, and optimize the ideological structure elements, promote the overall linkage interactive structure. Both times to do theoretical innovation. Given the traditional ideology of new connotation, but also fully embodies the people-oriented, the core value of harmonious development, and combined with the situation in the practice of strategy, in people's psychological identity efforts. In the external level play function, improve the master-slave structure, master Marx's power of discourse, from all aspects of social life (political life. The ideological and cultural life and daily life) make further theoretical explanation, persuasion and guide the work of the Chinese dominant ideology The construction and Realization of internal harmony and external adaptation can act on the development of the state, society and human beings.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D61;A811;B036

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 荊長嶺;;警察武力之“真”法良治——論警察武力行為法律構(gòu)成的合規(guī)律性[J];政法學(xué)刊;2013年04期

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本文編號：1581623