本文關(guān)鍵詞： 馬克思 馬爾庫塞 生態(tài)思想 資本主義　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)以來，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的不斷加快，生態(tài)問題已經(jīng)從發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國(guó)家開始蔓延至更多的國(guó)家和地區(qū)，逐漸從區(qū)域性的環(huán)境污染引發(fā)為全球性的環(huán)境問題和生態(tài)危機(jī)。伴隨著改革開放的步伐,中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了高速的增長(zhǎng),但是在實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí),中國(guó)的生態(tài)環(huán)境也付出了日益惡化的沉重代價(jià)。生態(tài)危機(jī)，不僅僅是人類生存環(huán)境的日益惡化，更是一種有關(guān)社會(huì)政治、制度和結(jié)構(gòu)的社會(huì)危機(jī)。日益嚴(yán)峻的生態(tài)問題，，不僅造成了環(huán)境的惡化，威脅人類的生存和發(fā)展，更加成為了危害人民身體健康、制約經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要因素。 面對(duì)日益嚴(yán)峻的生態(tài)問題，不同國(guó)家的學(xué)者和思想家從多種不同的理論方向?qū)ι鷳B(tài)問題進(jìn)行了分析和闡述。西方馬克思主義的代表人物之一，生態(tài)學(xué)馬克思主義的理論先驅(qū)馬爾庫塞看到了資本主義制度與生態(tài)危機(jī)之間的必然聯(lián)系，在繼承馬克思生態(tài)思想的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)資本主義社會(huì)的生態(tài)危機(jī)做了重新思考。馬爾庫塞的生態(tài)思想不僅影響了后來的生態(tài)學(xué)馬克思主義，更為西方馬克思主義未來的發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 本文立足于馬克思主義理論的基本立場(chǎng)，比較分析了馬克思與馬爾庫塞關(guān)于生態(tài)思想的相同點(diǎn)與不同點(diǎn)，聯(lián)系兩者的歷史關(guān)聯(lián)以及各自生態(tài)思想在社會(huì)發(fā)展中的作用，通過比較研究得出了馬克思的生態(tài)思想是馬爾庫塞生態(tài)思想的重要資源和理論前提。馬克思的生態(tài)思想率先將生態(tài)問題與社會(huì)問題相聯(lián)系，認(rèn)為生態(tài)危機(jī)是由資本主義制度造成的；而馬爾庫塞的生態(tài)思想則從消費(fèi)異化和科學(xué)技術(shù)異化的角度闡述了資本主義制度與生態(tài)危機(jī)之間的關(guān)系，為我們進(jìn)一步闡釋馬克思的生態(tài)思想提供了可資借鑒的內(nèi)容和重要的理論參照。馬克思與馬爾庫塞生態(tài)思想之間存在著明顯的差異，但是兩者之間也有許多共同之處。本文認(rèn)為，在現(xiàn)代哲學(xué)語境下，馬克思與馬爾庫塞的生態(tài)思想具有極大的交融可能性，通過分析它們各自的理論內(nèi)涵及缺陷，本文在肯定其價(jià)值合理性內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短，融會(huì)一體，最終形成了適合中國(guó)國(guó)情的馬克思主義生態(tài)思想。本文針對(duì)馬克思與馬爾庫塞生態(tài)思想的研究不僅豐富和拓展了當(dāng)代中國(guó)馬克思主義的研究領(lǐng)域，還豐富和指導(dǎo)了中國(guó)特色生態(tài)思想的理論研究，推動(dòng)了我國(guó)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)文明的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Since 20th century, with the rapid development of science and technology and the accelerating process of industrialization, ecological problems have spread from developed capitalist countries to more countries and regions. With the pace of reform and opening to the outside world, China's economy has been growing at a high speed, but at the same time, it has achieved economic development. The ecological environment in China has also paid a heavy price for its worsening. The ecological crisis, not only the worsening of the human living environment, but also a social crisis related to social politics, institutions and structures, is an increasingly serious ecological problem. It not only causes the deterioration of the environment, threatens the survival and development of human beings, but also becomes an important factor that endangers the health of the people and restricts the economic and social development. In the face of increasingly serious ecological problems, scholars and thinkers from different countries have analyzed and expounded ecological problems from many different theoretical directions. Marcuse, the forerunner of ecological Marxism, saw the inevitable connection between capitalist system and ecological crisis, on the basis of inheriting Marx's ecological thought. The ecological crisis of capitalist society was reconsidered. Marcuse's ecological thought not only influenced the ecological Marxism but also laid a solid foundation for the future development of western Marxism. Based on the basic standpoint of Marxist theory, this paper compares and analyzes the similarities and differences of Marx and Marcuse's ecological thoughts, and the historical connection between them and the function of their ecological thoughts in the social development. Through comparative study, it is concluded that Marx's ecological thought is the important resource and theoretical premise of Marcuse's ecological thought. Marx's ecological thought takes the lead in linking ecological problems with social problems. It is believed that the ecological crisis is caused by the capitalist system, while Marcuse's ecological thought expounds the relationship between the capitalist system and the ecological crisis from the perspective of consumption alienation and scientific and technological alienation. It provides us with reference content and important theoretical reference to further explain Marx's ecological thought. There are obvious differences between Marx and Marcuse's ecological thought. However, there are many things in common between them. This paper holds that in the context of modern philosophy, Marx and Marcuse's ecological thoughts have great possibility of blending, and by analyzing their respective theoretical connotations and defects, On the basis of affirming the reasonable content of its value, this paper draws on each other's weaknesses and integrates them into one. Finally, a Marxist ecological thought suitable for China's national conditions was formed. The study of Marx and Marcuse's ecological thought not only enriches and expands the research field of contemporary Chinese Marxism, It also enriches and guides the theoretical study of ecological thought with Chinese characteristics and promotes the construction of ecological economy and ecological civilization in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：A811;B089.1;X2

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本文編號(hào)：1531009