盡管當前大多數(shù)的軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)和開發(fā)環(huán)境都視一致性為基本假設(shè),但在軟件開發(fā)過程中試圖強行維護一致性的觀點已經(jīng)受到質(zhì)疑。在需求工程中的每一階段試圖強行維護絕對一致性不僅受到需求描述本身形式化程度的影響,而且受到維護一致性的計算代價等方面的影響。反之,從軟件開發(fā)的角度來看,不一致性可以將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到問題領(lǐng)域,對于不一致性的系統(tǒng)管理,不僅有助于識別不確定的領(lǐng)域,還可以促進開發(fā)人員之間的共同理解、交流和合作。特別重要的是可以引導(dǎo)需求獲取的過程,改進過程建模以及為需求的有效性和正確性提供檢驗依據(jù)。關(guān)于不一致性在軟件工程中的普遍性以及對于軟件開發(fā)的驅(qū)動作用已經(jīng)成為軟件工程領(lǐng)域日益關(guān)注的研究主題�？偟膩碚f,在需求工程中,乃至軟件開發(fā)過程中,對于不一致性的容忍已經(jīng)得到一定程度的共識,并且關(guān)注的范圍從對不一致性的檢測逐漸擴展到容忍不一致性的推理研究。 領(lǐng)域本體作為一種語義模型描述了特定領(lǐng)域中概念和概念之間的語義關(guān)系,而面向?qū)ο蟮男枨蠓治龇椒ㄊ钱斍败浖枨蠓治龇椒ㄖ斜容^流行和實用的方法。因此,本文研究了融合本體和面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的需求表示和獲取方法；并對需求分析過程中出現(xiàn)的非規(guī)范需求(Non-canonical...

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【文章目錄】：
基于領(lǐng)域本體知識和次協(xié)調(diào)邏輯的非規(guī)范需求分析研究
    摘要
    Abstract
    第1章 引言
        1.1 研究背景及意義
        1.2 研究內(nèi)容
        1.3 論文組織結(jié)構(gòu)
    第2章 融合本體與面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的需求表示和獲取方法
        2.1 本體基本概念
        2.2 領(lǐng)域本體的構(gòu)建方法
            2.2.1 領(lǐng)域本體
            2.2.2 構(gòu)建方法
        2.3 基于本體知識的需求表示和獲取
            2.3.1 領(lǐng)域本體的需求分析
            2.3.2 領(lǐng)域本體的需求獲取
            2.3.3 領(lǐng)域本體的形式化表示
            2.3.4 應(yīng)用本體的構(gòu)建
        2.4 基于面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的本體的表示
        2.5 融合本體和面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的知識表示
            2.5.1 本體技術(shù)與面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的比較
            2.5.2 融合本體和面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的知識表示的基本思想
        2.6 融合本體和面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的只是表示實例說明
    第3章 非規(guī)范需求問題研究
        3.1 非規(guī)范需求產(chǎn)生的原因
        3.2 非規(guī)范需求的概念
        3.3 非規(guī)范需求的分類
        3.4 各類非規(guī)范需求的定義、解釋及例示
            3.4.1 各類非規(guī)范需求的定義
            3.4.2 各類非規(guī)范需求的解釋
        3.5 非規(guī)范需求的管理
        3.6 非規(guī)范需求的檢測
            3.6.1 檢測過程
            3.6.2 檢測算法
        3.7 非規(guī)范需求處理的基本方法
            3.7.1 優(yōu)先級沖突的需求
            3.7.2 不完整的需求
            3.7.3 模糊的需求
            3.7.4 領(lǐng)域術(shù)語不一致的需求
            3.7.5 冗余的需求
            3.7.6 矛盾的需求
            3.7.7 隨時間變化的需求
            3.7.8 隨環(huán)境變化的需求
    第4章 基于本體技術(shù)的容忍不一致需求的分析模型
        4.1 軟件需求分析模型概述
        4.2 基于帶標記的準經(jīng)典邏輯的容忍不一致處理方法
        4.3 基于目標的需求不一致處理方法
            4.3.1 分歧檢測技術(shù)
            4.3.2 分歧處理方法
        4.4 基于本體的容忍不一致需求的分析模型構(gòu)建
    第5章 結(jié)束語
    參考文獻
    附錄A 企業(yè)銷售系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域場景描述
    攻讀學(xué)位期間發(fā)表的論文
    致謝
基于邏輯基礎(chǔ)的需求分析方法探討
    摘要
    Abstract
    第1章 前言
        1.1 需求分析研究背景
        1.2 需求分析研究意義
        1.3 需求分析的研究內(nèi)容
    第2章 非規(guī)范知識的表示及推理
        2.1 非規(guī)范知識處理的基礎(chǔ)理論和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)概述
        2.2 非規(guī)范知識的分類
        2.3 非規(guī)范知識的表示
            2.3.1 框架表示法
            2.3.2 謂詞表示法
            2.3.3 面向?qū)ο蟮谋硎痉椒?br>            2.3.4 基于Rough Set的表示法
        2.4 應(yīng)用于非規(guī)范知識的知識推理方法
            2.4.1 不確定性推理
            2.4.2 非單調(diào)推理
            2.4.3 次協(xié)調(diào)邏輯推理
    第3章 本體與面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)
        3.1 本體的形式化表示
            3.1.1 本體的定義
            3.1.2 本體的組成
            3.1.3 本體的設(shè)計原則
            3.1.4 本體的分類
            3.1.5 本體的描述語言
            3.1.6 本體構(gòu)建方法
            3.1.7 本體的應(yīng)用
        3.2 面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)概述
            3.2.1 基本概念
            3.2.2 面向?qū)ο蟮能浖_發(fā)技術(shù)
        3.3 本體與面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)的關(guān)系
    第4章 非規(guī)范需求的表示、管理及其處理方法
        4.1 需求中的非規(guī)范知識
            4.1.1 非規(guī)范需求的定義
            4.1.2 非規(guī)范需求的分類
            4.1.3 非規(guī)范需求的表示
            4.1.4 非規(guī)范需求產(chǎn)生的原因
        4.2 非規(guī)范需求的管理框架
            4.2.1 不一致需求管理的經(jīng)典框架
            4.2.2 不一致需求管理的擴展框架
        4.3 需求不一致處理的主要方法
            4.3.1 需求不一致的處理
            4.3.2 需求不一致的檢測、度量與評估
    第5章 需求工程的理論與方法
        5.1 需求工程
        5.2 需求工程的階段
        5.3 需求工程方法
            5.3.1 需求獲取方法
            5.3.2 需求分析方法
            5.3.3 當前需求工程方法的幾點探索
        5.4 需求工程的非技術(shù)問題
    參考文獻
Research of non-canonical requirements analysis based on domain ontology knowledge and paraconsistent logic
    Abstract
    Chapter one Preface
        1.1 Background of the research
        1.2 Content of research
        1.3 Organizational structure of the paper
    Chapter two The method of requirements representation and capture integrate with ontology and object-oriented
        2.1 Overviews of ontology
        2.2 Methods for construction domain ontology
            2.2.1 Domain ontology
            2.2.2 Construction method
        2.3 Requirements description and elicitation based on ontology
            2.3.1 Requirements analysis of ontology
            2.3.2 Requirements elicitation of ontology
            2.3.3 The formalization of ontology
            2.3.4 The construction of application ontology
        2.4 The representation of object-oriented technology to ontology
        2.5 The method of knowledge representation integrate with ontology and object-oriented
            2.5.1 The comparison of ontology and object-oriented technology
            2.5.2 Knowledge representation ideas of fusion ontology and object-oriented technology
        2.6 Instance illumination of knowledge representation integrate with ontology and object-oriented
    Chapter Three The research of non-canonical requirements
        3.1 The cause of non-canonical requirements
        3.2 Basic concepts in non-canonical requirements
        3.3 The classification of non-canonical requirements
        3.4 The semantic explanation of non-canonical requirement
            3.4.1 The definition of various of con-canonical requirements
            3.4.2 The explanation of various of non-canonical requirements
        3.5 The management of non-canonical requirements
        3.6 The detecting of non-canonical requirements
            3.6.1 Detecting process
            3.6.2 Detecting algorithm
        3.7 The handing of non-canonical requirements
            3.7.1 Requirements with priority conflicts
            3.7.2 Incomplete requirement
            3.7.3 Fuzzy requirement
            3.7.4 Domain term inconsistent requirement
            3.7.5 Redundant requirement
            3.7.6 Conflicting requirement
            3.7.7 Requirement with the changing of time
            3.7.8 Requirement with the changing of environment
    Chapter four The analysis model of tolerance of inconsistent requirement based on Ontology technology
        4.1 Outline of analysis model of software requirement
        4.2 Tolerance inconsistent approaches based on the classical logic with tag
        4.3 Solving method of inconsistent requirement based on target
            4.3.1 Divarication Detection Technology
            4.3.2 The treatment of divarication
        4.4 The construction of requirement analysis model toleranced inconsistence    based ontology
    Chapter five Concluding remarks
Research of regquirements analysis method based on logical
    Abstract
    Chapter one Preface1
        1.1 The background of research on requirement analysis
        1.2 The significance of the research on requirement analysis
        1.3 The contents of the research on requirement analysis
    Chapter two Overviews of non-canonical knowledge
        2.1 Basic theory and key technology for handing non-canonical knowledge
        2.2 The classification of non-canonical knowledge
        2.3 The description of non-canonical knowledge
            2.3.1 Framework method
            2.3.2 Predicate method
            2.3.3 Object-oriented method
            2.3.4 Rough set method
        2.4 The reasoning of non-canonical knowledge
            2.4.1 Uncertainty reasoning10
                2.4.1.1 Probability inference
                2.4.1.2 Credibility-based method
                2.4.1.3 Fuzzy reasoning13
            2.4.2 Nonmonotonic reasoning
                2.4.2.1 Nonmonotonic reasoning14
                2.4.2.2 Default reasoning
            2.4.3 Paraconsistent logic reasoning
                2.4.3.1 Paraconsistent logic
                2.4.3.2 Annotated predicate calculus
    Chapter three Ontology and object-oriented technology
        3.1 The formalization of ontology
            3.1.1 The definition of ontology
            3.1.2 The composition of ontology
            3.1.3 The design principles of ontology
            3.1.4 The classification of ontology
            3.1.5 The description language of ontology
                3.1.5.1 The development of ontology language .22
                3.1.5.2 The type of description language of ontology
            3.1.6 Methods for construction ontology
            3.1.7 The application of ontology
        3.2 The overview of object-oriented Technology
            3.2.1 The basic concept
            3.2.2 Object-oriented software development technology
                3.2.2.1 Object-Oriented Analysis
                3.2.2.2 Object-oriented design
                3.2.2.3 Implementation of Object-Oriented
        3.3 The relations of ontology and object-oriented technology
    Chapter four Overviews of non-canonical software requirements
        4.1 Non-canonical knowledge in requirements
            4.1.1 The definition of non-canonical requirements
            4.1.2 The classification of non-canonical requirements
            4.1.3 The description of non-canonical requirement
            4.1.4 The cause of non-canonical requirements
        4.2 The management framework of non-canonical requirements
            4.2.1 The classical management framework of inconsistency requirements
            4.2.2 The expanded management framework of inconsistency requirement
        4.3 The main methods of inconsistency requirement
            4.3.1 Handing inconsistency requirement
            4.3.2 Detecting, evaluation and measuring inconsistency requirements
    Chapter five Overviews of requirement engineering
        5.1 Requirement engineering
        5.2 The phases of requirement engineering
        5.3 The method of requirement engineering
            5.3.1 The method of requirement elicitation
            5.3.2 The method of requirement analysis
            5.3.3 Analysis of the current requirement for the Exploration
     5.4 The non-technology problem of requirement engmeermg



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