淺析紅山、良渚文化玉器
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-31 14:59
【摘要】：新石器時(shí)期玉器的演變發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)漫長的過程,各地區(qū)文化之間存在著相互傳承的關(guān)系。中國史前玉器至少可以分為以遼河和太湖為重心的北、南兩大系統(tǒng)。遼河流域玉器,從阜新查海為代表的遺存至紅山文化之間,雖然還有很大的缺段,但紅山文化以其自身特點(diǎn)強(qiáng)烈的玉器群說明,在此之前必已經(jīng)歷了較長的發(fā)展過程,并形成了頗具特色的文化傳統(tǒng)。由馬家浜文化、經(jīng)崧澤文化,發(fā)展至良渚文化,由少到多、由小到大、由簡到繁、由粗到精,整個(gè)發(fā)展脈絡(luò)十分清晰。 紅山文化距今約6500-5000年,而紅山文化玉器集中在其晚期,距今5500—5000年；良渚文化玉器距今5300—4000年。它們的玉器風(fēng)格雖各有特色,但其社會(huì)發(fā)展階段和宗教信仰卻有著內(nèi)在的關(guān)聯(lián)。 本文第一部分,分別對(duì)紅山文化和良渚文化玉器進(jìn)行了介紹,并列舉了兩種文化玉器的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)。 第二部分,先就這兩種文化玉器玉料的材質(zhì)和來源進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,又對(duì)出土玉器的器型和制作工藝等方面進(jìn)行對(duì)比論證,并對(duì)典型玉器配圖說明；以期通過對(duì)古文明出土玉器物化形式的細(xì)節(jié)分析,揭示隱藏其后的精神原動(dòng)力——原始的宗教崇拜。 第三部分,最后,本文對(duì)兩種玉文化的歷史地位進(jìn)行了論述,闡明觀點(diǎn)：紅山文化玉器和良渚文化玉器無論是玉器制作加工的具體物化環(huán)節(jié),還是眾多形態(tài)各異的器形和紋飾的設(shè)計(jì)和完成,都真實(shí)地再現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)風(fēng)貌,反映了宗教、禮儀等方面的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。無論紅山文化的“神靈”崇拜,還是良渚文化的“神人”崇拜,都在出土玉器上得到了充分的體現(xiàn)。盡管兩種文化分處南北兩地,所處的時(shí)期各異,但分析兩種文化玉器,我們可以清晰地看出人類文明前進(jìn)的原動(dòng)力——原始的宗教崇拜。順著這一脈絡(luò)研究,我想很多問題都能找到答案。
[Abstract]:The evolution and development of jade in Neolithic period went through a long process. Chinese prehistoric jade can at least be divided into north and south systems focusing on Liaohe and Taihu Lake. Although there is still a large gap between the jade ware of Liaohe River Basin, represented by Ci, Fuxin, and Hongshan culture, the Hongshan culture, with its strong characteristics, shows that it must have experienced a long process of development before this. And formed a rather distinctive cultural tradition. From Majiabang culture, through Songze culture, to Liangzhu culture, from little to many, from small to large, from simple to complex, from coarse to fine, the whole development vein is very clear. Hongshan culture is about 6000-5000 years ago, and Hongshan culture jade ware is concentrated in its late stage, 5000 years ago, Liangzhu culture jade ware is 5300-4000 years ago. Although their jade styles have their own characteristics, their social development stages and religious beliefs are intrinsically related. In the first part of this paper, the Hongshan culture and Liangzhu culture jade ware are introduced, and the archaeological discovery of the two kinds of cultural jade ware are listed. In the second part, the materials and sources of these two kinds of cultural jade are compared and analyzed firstly, and then the utensils and making technology of the unearthed jade are compared and demonstrated, and the typical jade is illustrated by drawing. Through the detailed analysis of the materialized form of jade unearthed by ancient civilization, it is hoped to reveal the spiritual motive behind it-primitive religious worship. The third part, finally, this paper discusses the historical status of two kinds of jade culture, and clarifies the viewpoint: Hongshan culture jade ware and Liangzhu culture jade ware are no matter the concrete materialization link of jade ware making and processing, The design and completion of many different forms of utensils and ornaments reproduces the social features of that time and reflects the development of religion and etiquette. Both the worship of "god" in Hongshan culture and the worship of "god man" in Liangzhu culture have been fully reflected in the unearthed jade ware. Although the two cultures are divided between the north and the south in different periods, we can clearly see that the original religious worship is the driving force of the advance of human civilization by analyzing the jade objects of the two cultures. Following this thread of study, I think a lot of questions can be found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K876.8
本文編號(hào)：2451017
[Abstract]:The evolution and development of jade in Neolithic period went through a long process. Chinese prehistoric jade can at least be divided into north and south systems focusing on Liaohe and Taihu Lake. Although there is still a large gap between the jade ware of Liaohe River Basin, represented by Ci, Fuxin, and Hongshan culture, the Hongshan culture, with its strong characteristics, shows that it must have experienced a long process of development before this. And formed a rather distinctive cultural tradition. From Majiabang culture, through Songze culture, to Liangzhu culture, from little to many, from small to large, from simple to complex, from coarse to fine, the whole development vein is very clear. Hongshan culture is about 6000-5000 years ago, and Hongshan culture jade ware is concentrated in its late stage, 5000 years ago, Liangzhu culture jade ware is 5300-4000 years ago. Although their jade styles have their own characteristics, their social development stages and religious beliefs are intrinsically related. In the first part of this paper, the Hongshan culture and Liangzhu culture jade ware are introduced, and the archaeological discovery of the two kinds of cultural jade ware are listed. In the second part, the materials and sources of these two kinds of cultural jade are compared and analyzed firstly, and then the utensils and making technology of the unearthed jade are compared and demonstrated, and the typical jade is illustrated by drawing. Through the detailed analysis of the materialized form of jade unearthed by ancient civilization, it is hoped to reveal the spiritual motive behind it-primitive religious worship. The third part, finally, this paper discusses the historical status of two kinds of jade culture, and clarifies the viewpoint: Hongshan culture jade ware and Liangzhu culture jade ware are no matter the concrete materialization link of jade ware making and processing, The design and completion of many different forms of utensils and ornaments reproduces the social features of that time and reflects the development of religion and etiquette. Both the worship of "god" in Hongshan culture and the worship of "god man" in Liangzhu culture have been fully reflected in the unearthed jade ware. Although the two cultures are divided between the north and the south in different periods, we can clearly see that the original religious worship is the driving force of the advance of human civilization by analyzing the jade objects of the two cultures. Following this thread of study, I think a lot of questions can be found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K876.8
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