【摘要】：更新世期間秦嶺南北麓及其腹地的山間盆地中沉積有大面積的黃土,這里的黃土地層不僅記錄了更新世以來當(dāng)?shù)毓诺乩砼c古環(huán)境變遷的過程,而且賦存有豐富的古人類和舊石器文化遺存.秦嶺北麓及南洛河中下游地區(qū)黃土堆積厚度大,黃土-古土壤地層發(fā)育完善,有比較連續(xù)的冰期-間冰期尺度上的黃土堆積.秦嶺主脊以南各山間盆地黃土堆積厚度不大,顆粒較細(xì),在這種"迷你"型的黃土地層中,人類文化遺存的密度普遍高于秦嶺以北的舊石器遺址,有利于考古調(diào)查和發(fā)掘工作的開展.多年來的古人類和舊石器遺址地層年代學(xué)研究結(jié)果證實(shí),距今1.15(1.63/1.62?)~0.6Ma期間,秦嶺地區(qū)的舊石器文化面貌主要以礫石砍砸器、石核、石片和簡(jiǎn)單修理的石片工具為主,屬舊大陸模式I石器工業(yè)的范疇.藍(lán)田公王嶺和陳家窩、洛南上白川和劉灣、盧氏喬家窯、漢中龍崗寺和窯廠灣、安康關(guān)廟(吳臺(tái)村)以及鄖縣人等曠野舊石器遺址下部文化層是該類遺存的代表;距今0.4~0.25Ma時(shí)段的洛南花石浪龍牙洞遺址則繼承了當(dāng)?shù)厍捌跁缫澳Ｊ絀舊石器遺存的特點(diǎn),文化面貌主要以石核、石片和刮削器、尖狀器、雕刻器等小型石片工具為主;距今250~50ka期間,秦嶺地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了大量模式Ⅱ(阿舍利類型)石器工業(yè)遺存,兩面修理的手斧、手鎬和薄刃斧等工具普遍發(fā)現(xiàn),說明該地區(qū)的石器工業(yè)完成了一個(gè)重要的轉(zhuǎn)型過程.洛南盆地張豁口、郭塬和槐樹坪、藍(lán)田刁寨、甘峪、澇池河和泄湖、漢中何家梁等遺址是該類遺存的代表;到晚更新世晚期與全新世之交,秦嶺南北麓可能還存在小石片石器工業(yè)類型的遺存.秦嶺地區(qū)不同階段的舊石器組合展示了更新世期間人類生活與石器技術(shù)行為發(fā)展演化的歷程.
[Abstract]:During the Pleistocene, a large area of loess was deposited in the southern and northern foothills of Qinling Mountains and the intermountain basins in its hinterland. The loess strata here not only recorded the evolution of the local paleogeography and paleoenvironment since the Pleistocene. And rich in ancient humans and Paleolithic culture remains. In the north foot of Qinling Mountains and the middle and lower reaches of Nanluo River, the loess accumulation thickness is large, the loess-paleosol strata are well developed, and there are relatively continuous loess deposits on the scale of ice-interglacial period. The loess deposits in the intermountain basins south of the main ridge of the Qinling Mountains are of little thickness and fine particles. In this "mini" loess stratum, the density of human cultural remains is generally higher than that of the Paleolithic sites north of the Qinling Mountains. It is conducive to the development of archaeological investigation and excavation. Years of paleo-human and Paleolithic site chronological studies have confirmed that during the period from 1.15 (1.63? 1.62?) to 0.6Ma, the paleolithic cultural features of Qinling area were mainly composed of gravel choppers and stone cores. Slicing and simple repair tools are dominant, belonging to the Old World Model I Stone Industry. Lantian Gong Wang Ling and Chen Jia Wo, Luoshi Qiaojiayao, Longgang Temple and Kiln Factory Bay, Ankang Temple (Wutai Village) and Yunxian people are the representatives of the Paleolithic sites in the wilderness, such as the lower cultural layer of the Paleolithic sites in Luonan, Upper Baichuan and Liu Wan, Lushi Qiaojiayao, Hanzhong Longgang Temple and Kiln Factory Bay, etc. The Luonan Stone Wave Longya Cave site in 0.4~0.25Ma period inherited the characteristics of the Paleolithic relics of the former wilderness mode I, and the cultural features were mainly small stone tools such as stone core, stone slice and scraper, sharp ware, engraver and other small pieces of stone tools, such as stone core, stone slice and scraper, etc., and the main cultural features were the stone core, stone slice and scraper. During the period of 250~50ka, a large number of tools such as model 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2449193