甲骨卜辭所見商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭過程及行為的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-27 17:08
【摘要】： 自1899年甲骨文發(fā)現(xiàn)以來,經(jīng)過幾代學者的努力,使甲骨學日益發(fā)展成為一門國際性顯學。一百多年來,學者們對甲骨學研究的深度、廣度都在不斷擴大,所出成果頗多。甲骨文雖屬于卜辭性質,但所記內容豐富多彩,涉及了當時社會生活的方方面面。其中戰(zhàn)爭卜辭所占比重較大,可謂甲骨文的重要內容之一。綜觀前人對商代戰(zhàn)爭的研究成果,大多是針對某一方國或某一戰(zhàn)爭的研究,或者是對商代戰(zhàn)爭相關問題的總體性概述,而對于商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭過程的研究卻很少,戰(zhàn)爭行為這一領域更是少有涉足�；谠撜n題的重要性,本文將在前人成果基礎之上嘗試著作進一步研究,試圖借助甲骨卜辭和古文獻的相關記載及安陽殷墟的一些考古發(fā)掘材料,從多角度探討商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭過程及一些相關戰(zhàn)爭行為,從而復原出一幅完整的商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭畫面。 本文分為緒論、正文和結語三大部分共五章。 在第一章緒論部分中,首先提出了商代軍事或戰(zhàn)爭這一課題的研究難度和研究方法。隨后借助王宇信先生對甲骨學發(fā)展史的分期,把商代軍事或戰(zhàn)爭研究歷程劃分成與之對應的三個階段,分別舉出了各個階段有代表性的研究成果。 正文部分包括第二章、第三章和第四章。第二章主要是對商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭相關問題做了一下總體概述,例如商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭的性質、目的、對象、規(guī)模和意義,以及商王國軍隊的組成、編制、將領、兵種、裝備和訓練等。第三章是本文的重點之一,也是創(chuàng)新之處。在該章中筆者比較系統(tǒng)而完整地提出了甲骨材料所反映的商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭過程,將其分為戰(zhàn)爭前、戰(zhàn)爭中和戰(zhàn)爭后三個階段共十五個環(huán)節(jié),每一環(huán)節(jié)均引用甲骨卜辭、古文獻記載或考古發(fā)掘材料加以論證。第四章也是本文的主要創(chuàng)新之處,筆者首次對商代戰(zhàn)爭行為進行了嘗試性研究,并列舉出了一些甲骨卜辭或商代金文中所見到的商王國對外戰(zhàn)爭行為。 第五章結語部分是對全文的概括總結。揭示了商王國是通過戰(zhàn)爭才得以建立王朝和維護統(tǒng)治的,商王武丁也是通過對眾多敵對方國或部落的征伐才使得商王朝的統(tǒng)治更加穩(wěn)固并達到了空前的盛世。此外,還闡明了戰(zhàn)爭過程和戰(zhàn)爭行為的關系,指出長期的戰(zhàn)爭耗盡了商王國的實力是導致其滅亡的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of oracle bone inscription in 1899, oracle bone science has developed into an international and prominent science day by day through the efforts of several generations of scholars. For more than one hundred years, the depth and breadth of the study of oracle bone science have been expanding, and a lot of achievements have been made. Oracle bone inscription belongs to the character of inscription, but the content of the inscription is rich and colorful, involving all aspects of social life at that time. Among them, war inscription accounts for a large proportion, can be described as one of the important content of oracle bone inscription. Looking back at the achievements of previous research on the war of Shang Dynasty, most of them are aimed at one country or a certain war, or the general summary of the related problems of the war of Shang Dynasty, but the research on the process of foreign war of Shang Kingdom is very little. Acts of war are rarely involved in this field. Based on the importance of this subject, this paper will try to make further research on the basis of previous achievements, trying to use the related records of oracle bone inscriptions and ancient documents and some archaeological excavations of Anyang Yin ruins. In order to recover a complete picture of Shang Kingdom's foreign war, this paper discusses the foreign war process of Shang Kingdom and some related war acts from many angles. This article is divided into the introduction, the text and the conclusion three parts altogether five chapters. In the introduction part of the first chapter, the difficulty and method of military or war research in Shang Dynasty are put forward. Then, with the help of Wang Yuxin's staging of oracle bone science development history, the research course of military or war in Shang Dynasty is divided into three corresponding stages, and the representative research results of each stage are listed respectively. The body part includes chapter two, chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter mainly gives a general overview of the foreign wars of the Shang Kingdom, such as the nature, purpose, object, size and significance of the Shang Kingdom's foreign wars, as well as the composition, establishment, generals and types of the Shang Kingdom's army. Equipment and training, etc. The third chapter is one of the focal points of this paper, and it is also the place of innovation. In this chapter, the author systematically and completely puts forward the process of the Shang Kingdom's foreign war, which is reflected by the oracle bone materials, and divides it into 15 links: before, during and after the war, each of which quotes oracle bone inscriptions. Ancient literature records or archaeological excavation materials to be demonstrated. The fourth chapter is also the main innovation of this paper, the author for the first time conducted a tentative study of the Shang Dynasty war behavior, and enumerated some oracle inscriptions or Shang Dynasty Jin Wen see the Shang Kingdom foreign war behavior. The conclusion of the fifth chapter is a summary of the full text. It is revealed that the Shang dynasty was established and maintained through the war, and that the Shang dynasty was more stable and achieved unprecedented prosperity through the conquest of many enemy countries or tribes. In addition, the relationship between the course of war and the conduct of war is clarified, and it is pointed out that long-term war has exhausted the strength of the Shang Kingdom as the main cause of its demise.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K877.1
本文編號：2431453
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of oracle bone inscription in 1899, oracle bone science has developed into an international and prominent science day by day through the efforts of several generations of scholars. For more than one hundred years, the depth and breadth of the study of oracle bone science have been expanding, and a lot of achievements have been made. Oracle bone inscription belongs to the character of inscription, but the content of the inscription is rich and colorful, involving all aspects of social life at that time. Among them, war inscription accounts for a large proportion, can be described as one of the important content of oracle bone inscription. Looking back at the achievements of previous research on the war of Shang Dynasty, most of them are aimed at one country or a certain war, or the general summary of the related problems of the war of Shang Dynasty, but the research on the process of foreign war of Shang Kingdom is very little. Acts of war are rarely involved in this field. Based on the importance of this subject, this paper will try to make further research on the basis of previous achievements, trying to use the related records of oracle bone inscriptions and ancient documents and some archaeological excavations of Anyang Yin ruins. In order to recover a complete picture of Shang Kingdom's foreign war, this paper discusses the foreign war process of Shang Kingdom and some related war acts from many angles. This article is divided into the introduction, the text and the conclusion three parts altogether five chapters. In the introduction part of the first chapter, the difficulty and method of military or war research in Shang Dynasty are put forward. Then, with the help of Wang Yuxin's staging of oracle bone science development history, the research course of military or war in Shang Dynasty is divided into three corresponding stages, and the representative research results of each stage are listed respectively. The body part includes chapter two, chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter mainly gives a general overview of the foreign wars of the Shang Kingdom, such as the nature, purpose, object, size and significance of the Shang Kingdom's foreign wars, as well as the composition, establishment, generals and types of the Shang Kingdom's army. Equipment and training, etc. The third chapter is one of the focal points of this paper, and it is also the place of innovation. In this chapter, the author systematically and completely puts forward the process of the Shang Kingdom's foreign war, which is reflected by the oracle bone materials, and divides it into 15 links: before, during and after the war, each of which quotes oracle bone inscriptions. Ancient literature records or archaeological excavation materials to be demonstrated. The fourth chapter is also the main innovation of this paper, the author for the first time conducted a tentative study of the Shang Dynasty war behavior, and enumerated some oracle inscriptions or Shang Dynasty Jin Wen see the Shang Kingdom foreign war behavior. The conclusion of the fifth chapter is a summary of the full text. It is revealed that the Shang dynasty was established and maintained through the war, and that the Shang dynasty was more stable and achieved unprecedented prosperity through the conquest of many enemy countries or tribes. In addition, the relationship between the course of war and the conduct of war is clarified, and it is pointed out that long-term war has exhausted the strength of the Shang Kingdom as the main cause of its demise.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K877.1
【引證文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前2條
1 楊謙;商代中原地區(qū)建筑類祭祀研究[D];山東大學;2012年
2 楊柳;商王婚姻研究[D];蘇州大學;2012年
，本文編號：2431453
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