【摘要】：所謂"雜項",是當(dāng)代博物館用于分類的一個類目,大約凡是不屬于舊日收藏項目如青銅器、玉器、瓷器、書畫一類的器物,都可以放在這里。此外,若干零星入藏不成規(guī)模、不成系統(tǒng)者,也不妨盡入此中。即如金銀飾品,染織刺繡,竹木牙角器,若非藏品可觀,一般也都?xì)w之于雜項。至于雜項之中究竟包括哪一類器物,卻是沒有明確一致的說法,多依博物館具體的藏品情況而定。中國國家博物館藏雜項文物中的竹木牙角器,大致包括家具小件如帽架、鏡臺,衛(wèi)生用器如消息筒,娛戲用具如雙陸、牙籌,又文玩擺件,日用雜器,或既可把玩又兼實用如香筒、香盒、蟈蟈籠之類。也有的除了質(zhì)地之外,很難再以其他方式分類,比方說如意�？傊@里多是古代生活史中使用歷史很悠久的器具,雖然沿用過程中名稱或式樣不無變化,但實用與藝術(shù)的合一,總是歷代設(shè)計者與使用者的共同追求。
[Abstract]:The so-called "Miscellaneous" is a category used for classification in contemporary museums. About anything not part of an old collection such as bronzes, jade, porcelain, calligraphy and painting can be placed here. In addition, a number of sporadic Tibet into the scale, not into the system, may also be involved in this. Such as gold and silver ornaments, dyed embroidery, bamboo teeth horn, if not the considerable collection, generally also attributed to miscellaneous. There is no clear consensus as to which types of objects are included in the miscellaneous, depending on the museum's collection. Among the miscellaneous cultural relics in the National Museum of China, bamboo and wood teeth and horns are generally made up of small pieces of furniture, such as hat frames, mirror tables, sanitary appliances such as news containers, recreational objects such as double land, dental chips, and articles, and household miscellaneous items. Or both can play and practical such as incense, incense box, grasshopper cage and so on. Others, other than texture, are difficult to categorize in other ways, such as contentment. In short, most of the ancient life history of the use of a very long history of utensils, although the use of the name or style in the process of change, but the unity of practical and artistic, is always the common pursuit of designers and users of past dynasties.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院文學(xué)研究所;
【分類號】：K876

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