武威文廟及其保護(hù)開發(fā)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-08 10:32
【摘要】：孔廟亦稱為文廟，而文廟之名更為普遍。它是為紀(jì)念中國(guó)古代偉大的思想家和教育家孔子而設(shè)立的祭祀性廟堂。至明清時(shí)期全國(guó)各府、州、縣皆立孔廟，孔廟已成為每個(gè)城市最為常見的建筑之一，也成為當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕瘶?biāo)志�？讖R兩千五百多年的發(fā)展和興衰，已經(jīng)使之成為中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的象征之一，是中國(guó)優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)的代表，孔廟的保護(hù)和傳承，就是對(duì)中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化精神的延續(xù)和繼承，就是對(duì)這一珍貴文化遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)和利用。 經(jīng)歷清末的社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩、民國(guó)時(shí)的戰(zhàn)亂頻繁和新中國(guó)建設(shè)中的破壞，目前全國(guó)保存完好的孔廟已經(jīng)為數(shù)不多。在全國(guó)保留下來的孔廟當(dāng)中，武威文廟以其宏大的規(guī)模、完整的保存程度及對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)亟逃钸h(yuǎn)的影響在西北地區(qū)首屈一指，是全國(guó)三大孔廟之一。它始建于明代，經(jīng)后代多次維修重建至此規(guī)模，一方面它是武威文教事業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的象征，另一方面也是中國(guó)孔廟群中值得關(guān)注的”亮點(diǎn)”，它作為文化遺產(chǎn)的價(jià)值不可輕視。多年來，對(duì)武威文廟的保護(hù)和開發(fā)雖進(jìn)展緩慢，但前景樂觀，深入地考證、研究它的歷史和建筑，有助于我們更全面地認(rèn)識(shí)這一珍貴文化遺產(chǎn)，探討它的保護(hù)和開發(fā)，有利于新時(shí)期民族文化的傳承和弘揚(yáng)。 本文共分為五部分。第一部分是緒論。這部分主要闡述課題的研究意義，總結(jié)已有的學(xué)術(shù)研究成果，在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上確立了本論文研究的理論方法。第二部分探討了孔廟在中國(guó)的發(fā)展歷史及其作用。本部分詳細(xì)梳理了孔廟在中國(guó)的歷史沿革及新中國(guó)成立后文廟在當(dāng)代社會(huì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，并從祭祀和教育兩方面論述了孔廟的作用和價(jià)值。第三部分對(duì)甘肅省境內(nèi)的文廟和文廟遺存作了系統(tǒng)的梳理，重點(diǎn)介紹了甘肅文廟中的典型代表武威文廟，梳理了它歷代的維修情況，研究了武威古代教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展。第四部分詳細(xì)介紹了武威文廟的建筑形制，按孔廟、文昌宮、儒學(xué)院三部分的建筑格局分別介紹了其各個(gè)單體建筑。第五部分在文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的視野下研究武威文廟保護(hù)與利用對(duì)策�；趯�(duì)文廟保護(hù)和利用中存在問題的分析，提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策思路，以期對(duì)文廟進(jìn)行全面地、綜合性地保護(hù)，同時(shí)對(duì)文廟采取科學(xué)合理地開發(fā)利用，使文廟得以持續(xù)發(fā)展。最后一章是全文的結(jié)語部分，是在前四章的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)全文總結(jié)性論述，并提出了需要進(jìn)一步研究的問題。本文所述雖是筆者的一己之見，但對(duì)如何更好地保護(hù)和利用武威文廟提供了現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)，，故祈望能在武威文廟保護(hù)管理工作中有些許借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Confucius Temple is also called the Temple of Culture, and the name of the Temple is more common. It is a sacrificial temple set up in memory of Confucius, the great thinker and educator of ancient China. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Confucius temples were set up in all provinces, states and counties of the country. Confucius temples have become one of the most common buildings in every city, and also become local cultural symbols. The development, rise and fall of the Confucius Temple for more than 2500 years has made it one of the symbols of the Chinese traditional culture and the representative of China's excellent cultural heritage. The protection and inheritance of the Confucius Temple is the continuation and inheritance of the traditional cultural spirit of the Chinese nation. It is the protection and utilization of this precious cultural heritage. After the social unrest in the late Qing Dynasty, the frequent wars in the Republic of China and the destruction in the construction of New China, there are few well-preserved Confucius temples in the country. Among the Confucius temples preserved in the whole country, Wuwei Temple is one of the three major Confucius temples in China with its grand scale, complete preservation degree and profound influence on local education. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and has been repaired and rebuilt for many times. On the one hand, it is a symbol of the development of cultural and educational undertakings in Wuwei, on the other hand, it is also a "bright spot" in the Confucius Temple group in China. As the value of cultural heritage, it can not be ignored. Over the years, although the protection and development of the Temple of Wuwei have been progressing slowly, the prospects are optimistic. Further textual research and study of its history and architecture will help us to understand this precious cultural heritage in a more comprehensive way and to explore its conservation and development. It is conducive to the inheritance and promotion of national culture in the new period. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. This part mainly expounds the research significance of the subject, summarizes the existing academic research results, and establishes the theoretical method of this paper on the basis of previous research. The second part discusses the history and function of Confucius Temple in China. This part combs in detail the historical evolution of Confucius Temple in China and the sustainable development of Confucian Temple in contemporary society after the founding of New China, and discusses the role and value of Confucius Temple from two aspects of sacrifice and education. In the third part, the author systematically combs the cultural temples and the remains of the temples in Gansu Province, focusing on the introduction of Wuwei Temple, a typical representative of the Wenmiao in Gansu Province, combing the maintenance situation of its past dynasties, and studying the development of Wuwei ancient education. The fourth part introduces the architectural structure of Wuwei Temple in detail. According to the architectural pattern of Confucius Temple, Wenchang Palace and Confucianism School, it introduces its individual architecture respectively. The fifth part studies the protection and utilization of Wuwei Temple in the field of cultural heritage protection. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the protection and utilization of the temple, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures, in order to protect the temple comprehensively and synthetically, at the same time, to develop and utilize the temple scientifically and reasonably, so as to make the temple develop continuously. The last chapter is the conclusion of the full text, on the basis of the first four chapters of the conclusion of the full text, and put forward the need for further study. Although this article is my own opinion, it provides a realistic basis for the better protection and utilization of Wuwei temple, so I hope that it can be used for reference in the protection and management of Wuwei temple.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K878.6;TU-87
本文編號(hào)：2318202
[Abstract]:Confucius Temple is also called the Temple of Culture, and the name of the Temple is more common. It is a sacrificial temple set up in memory of Confucius, the great thinker and educator of ancient China. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Confucius temples were set up in all provinces, states and counties of the country. Confucius temples have become one of the most common buildings in every city, and also become local cultural symbols. The development, rise and fall of the Confucius Temple for more than 2500 years has made it one of the symbols of the Chinese traditional culture and the representative of China's excellent cultural heritage. The protection and inheritance of the Confucius Temple is the continuation and inheritance of the traditional cultural spirit of the Chinese nation. It is the protection and utilization of this precious cultural heritage. After the social unrest in the late Qing Dynasty, the frequent wars in the Republic of China and the destruction in the construction of New China, there are few well-preserved Confucius temples in the country. Among the Confucius temples preserved in the whole country, Wuwei Temple is one of the three major Confucius temples in China with its grand scale, complete preservation degree and profound influence on local education. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and has been repaired and rebuilt for many times. On the one hand, it is a symbol of the development of cultural and educational undertakings in Wuwei, on the other hand, it is also a "bright spot" in the Confucius Temple group in China. As the value of cultural heritage, it can not be ignored. Over the years, although the protection and development of the Temple of Wuwei have been progressing slowly, the prospects are optimistic. Further textual research and study of its history and architecture will help us to understand this precious cultural heritage in a more comprehensive way and to explore its conservation and development. It is conducive to the inheritance and promotion of national culture in the new period. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. This part mainly expounds the research significance of the subject, summarizes the existing academic research results, and establishes the theoretical method of this paper on the basis of previous research. The second part discusses the history and function of Confucius Temple in China. This part combs in detail the historical evolution of Confucius Temple in China and the sustainable development of Confucian Temple in contemporary society after the founding of New China, and discusses the role and value of Confucius Temple from two aspects of sacrifice and education. In the third part, the author systematically combs the cultural temples and the remains of the temples in Gansu Province, focusing on the introduction of Wuwei Temple, a typical representative of the Wenmiao in Gansu Province, combing the maintenance situation of its past dynasties, and studying the development of Wuwei ancient education. The fourth part introduces the architectural structure of Wuwei Temple in detail. According to the architectural pattern of Confucius Temple, Wenchang Palace and Confucianism School, it introduces its individual architecture respectively. The fifth part studies the protection and utilization of Wuwei Temple in the field of cultural heritage protection. Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the protection and utilization of the temple, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures, in order to protect the temple comprehensively and synthetically, at the same time, to develop and utilize the temple scientifically and reasonably, so as to make the temple develop continuously. The last chapter is the conclusion of the full text, on the basis of the first four chapters of the conclusion of the full text, and put forward the need for further study. Although this article is my own opinion, it provides a realistic basis for the better protection and utilization of Wuwei temple, so I hope that it can be used for reference in the protection and management of Wuwei temple.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K878.6;TU-87
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