【摘要】：中華文化歷史悠久,留存下大量精美珍貴的物質(zhì)遺存。這些文物除了文化和藝術(shù)價(jià)值,同時(shí)也是研究古代文明和探索歷史進(jìn)程的重要物證。彩繪類文物,如各種壁畫(huà)、建筑彩繪、陶質(zhì)彩繪等是文化和藝術(shù)價(jià)值最高的一類文物。膠結(jié)材料是彩繪文物的關(guān)鍵成分之一,分析其成分不僅是研究文物工藝史的需求,而且對(duì)于瀕危文物病害機(jī)理的研究,以及設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)施加固保護(hù)措施也都具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。但是,由于膠結(jié)材料含量很少,雜質(zhì)多、易老化、流失快,加之分析檢測(cè)技術(shù)的局限性,使得彩繪文物膠結(jié)材料的檢測(cè)成為當(dāng)今文物分析領(lǐng)域中比較困難的課題。本研究以中國(guó)古代彩繪常用膠結(jié)材料蛋清、明膠、魚(yú)膠和牛奶為主要研究對(duì)象,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附技術(shù)(ELISA)和免疫熒光顯微鏡技術(shù)(IFM)分別對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室模擬彩繪樣品和12個(gè)古代彩繪樣品進(jìn)行了分析研究,驗(yàn)證了兩種方法的特異性和靈敏性；同時(shí),針對(duì)目前已用典型保護(hù)材料作用下的彩繪樣品進(jìn)行分析檢測(cè),證實(shí)了目前常用保護(hù)材料對(duì)彩繪本身結(jié)構(gòu)和成分分析無(wú)損害,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證該方法的安全與可行性,并強(qiáng)調(diào)了文物修復(fù)中應(yīng)遵循可區(qū)別性原則；通過(guò)IFM對(duì)秦俑彩繪樣品的分析證實(shí)了秦俑彩繪樣品中含有蛋清成分。ELISA與IFM二者各具優(yōu)勢(shì),彼此互補(bǔ),不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)快速、經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、微量的檢測(cè),還可以知道文物樣品膠結(jié)材料在微觀結(jié)構(gòu)上的分布和層位關(guān)系,有機(jī)結(jié)合后更加適合古代彩繪文物膠結(jié)材料的檢測(cè)鑒定。
[Abstract]:Chinese culture has a long history, leaving a large number of exquisite and precious material remains. In addition to cultural and artistic values, these artifacts are also important evidence of the study of ancient civilization and the exploration of historical processes. Painted cultural relics, such as all kinds of murals, architectural paintings, pottery paintings and so on, are of the highest cultural and artistic value. Cementing material is one of the key components of painted cultural relics. The analysis of its composition is not only the requirement of studying the history of cultural relics, but also the research on the mechanism of endangered cultural relics disease. And the design and implementation of reinforcement and protection measures also have very important guiding significance. However, due to the small amount of cementing materials, the large amount of impurities, the easy aging, the fast loss, and the limitation of the analysis and detection technology, the detection of the cemented materials of painted cultural relics has become a more difficult topic in the field of cultural relics analysis. The main objects of this study are egg white, gelatin, fish glue and milk, which are commonly used in ancient Chinese painting. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) were used to analyze the simulated and 12 ancient painted samples, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the two methods were verified. Based on the analysis and detection of the painted samples under the action of typical protective materials, it is proved that the protection materials used at present have no harm to the analysis of the structure and composition of the painting itself, and further verify the safety and feasibility of the method. It is emphasized that the principle of differentiability should be followed in the restoration of cultural relics, and the analysis of painted samples of terracotta warriors by IFM proves that the painted samples of terracotta warriors contain egg white components. ELISA and IFM have their respective advantages and complement each other. High efficiency and micro detection can also know the distribution and stratigraphic relationship of cemented materials in the microstructure of cultural relic samples, which is more suitable for the detection and identification of the cemented materials of ancient painted cultural relics after organic combination.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：K879;O657

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 鄭秦;吳小鋒;鄭海玲;周e，

本文編號(hào)：2275000