【摘要】：河南淅川龍山崗遺址本次的發(fā)掘工作始于2008年5月,至今已出土了大量的動物遺存,這為本文的動物考古學分析提供了豐富的資料來源。龍山崗遺址第一年度5000平方米的發(fā)掘面積共出土了15286件動物骨骼標本,總重量多達234834.69克,分屬于仰韶晚期、屈家?guī)X時期和石家河時期。而且,豬骨在這三個時期中無論在數(shù)量還是重量上都占據(jù)了絕對優(yōu)勢。 在論文整體結構上,本文首先介紹了國內(nèi)外動物考古學的發(fā)展歷程及現(xiàn)狀,并對本文的主要研究思路進行了說明。隨后在第一、二章中,分別說明了龍山崗遺址的文化性質(zhì)和動物群資料及其所反映的環(huán)境信息。第三章主要是通過與王屋山野豬數(shù)據(jù)的對比研究認為,龍山崗遺址在三個期別中都出現(xiàn)了家豬。第四章對遺址豬群的年齡結構進行了分析。其中,年輕成年個體占據(jù)主體的現(xiàn)象似乎反映了古人的有意行為,以此來滿足其瘦肉和脂肪的雙重營養(yǎng)需要。本文第五章繼續(xù)通過動物材料分析人類行為：遺址普通居住址豬下頜骨的高發(fā)現(xiàn)率可能反映了古人并未特殊收藏豬下頜,骨骼風化痕跡不占多數(shù)及存在動物啃咬痕跡的骨骼數(shù)量不多可能表明遺址中的動物在消費后短時間內(nèi)即被掩埋處理,骨骼破碎程度高可能暗示著古人敲骨吸髓行為的盛行。最后,本文在第六章中講述的是豬下頜燒骨的探索性實驗。通過在遺址實地進行的對骨骼和燃料類別、燃料放置位置、燃燒時間和燒骨處理方式等方面的差異性模擬實驗,本文得出了遺址H160的燎祭豬下頜骨并未帶肉、燃料為秸稈類植物、燃料放置在骨骼上部燒制、燃燒時間不超過30分鐘、燃燒后燒骨并未立即掩埋等初步的、嘗試性的結論。
[Abstract]:The excavation of Longshan site in Xichuan Henan Province began in May 2008 and a large number of animal remains have been unearthed so far which provides a rich source of data for the analysis of animal archaeology in this paper. The excavation area of 5000 square meters in the first year of Longshan Gang site has unearthed 15286 animal skeleton specimens, with a total weight of up to 234834.69 grams, belonging to the late Yangshao period, Qujialing period and Shijiahe period. In addition, pig bone in these three periods in both the number and weight of the absolute advantage. In the whole structure of the thesis, this paper first introduces the development course and present situation of animal archaeology at home and abroad, and explains the main research ideas of this paper. Then, in the first and second chapters, the cultural nature, fauna and environmental information of Longshan site are explained. The third chapter mainly through comparing with the data of Wangwushan wild boar shows that there are domestic pigs in the three stages of Longshan site. The fourth chapter analyzes the age structure of the site pig herd. Among them, the phenomenon that young adult individuals occupy the main body seems to reflect the ancients' intentional behavior to meet the double nutritional needs of lean meat and fat. In the fifth chapter of this paper, we continue to analyze human behavior through animal materials: the high discovery rate of the mandible of pigs living in the site may reflect that the ancients did not have a special collection of pig mandibles. The small number of bones which do not account for the majority of skeletal weathering traces and the existence of gnawing marks may indicate that the animals in the site were buried within a short period of time after consumption and the high degree of bone fragmentation may indicate the prevalence of bone aspiration behavior in the ancients. Finally, in chapter 6, we discuss the exploratory experiment of porcine mandibular burn. Based on the different simulation experiments on bone and fuel types, fuel placement, burning time and bone burning treatment methods, the paper concludes that the singed pig mandible of site H160 does not carry meat. The fuel is a kind of straw plant. The fuel is placed in the upper part of the bone and burned for less than 30 minutes. The burning bone is not buried immediately after burning and so on.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K878

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前5條

1 李有`F;椨德芬;;陜西西安半坡新石器時代遺址中之獸類骨骼[J];古脊椎動物與古人類;1959年04期

2 李有恒;韓德芬;;廣西桂林甑皮巖遺址動物群[J];古脊椎動物與古人類;1978年04期

3 楊鐘健;;考古工作和人骨獸骨等遺存問題[J];文物參考資料;1956年03期

4 袁靖;;中國新石器時代家畜起源的問題[J];文物;2001年05期

5 馬蕭林;;河南靈寶西坡遺址動物群及相關問題[J];中原文物;2007年04期

，

本文編號：2272462