早商文化南漸的考古學(xué)觀察
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 19:02
【摘要】：本文以中原早商文化為標尺,對包括湖北大部、江西北部、湖南北部,以及安徽的部分地區(qū)在內(nèi)的廣大南方地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的早商時期遺存進行考古學(xué)分析,來考察早商文化向南方地區(qū)傳播的階段性、地域性特征,并進一步探討了南漸地域?qū)χ性貐^(qū)先進文化的接受和認同情況。 全文共分五章： 第一章本章首先系統(tǒng)介紹了商文化的定義、早商文化的階段劃分以及南漸及南漸地域等相關(guān)概念,指出早商文化南漸是指早商文化在向南傳播過程中在保證其自身文化主體地位的前提下,充分吸收南漸地區(qū)的土著文化因素,實現(xiàn)其自身文化的多樣性和進步性。其次通過回顧南漸地域商時期遺存的發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究情況,指出本文寫作的緣起。 第二章本章運用地層學(xué)、類型學(xué)以及文化因素分析法等考古學(xué)研究的基本方法,對南漸地域內(nèi)的典型早商時期遺存進行分期研究與文化因素組成分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)這些遺存都是在早商文化南漸的背景下出現(xiàn)的,而且隨著商勢力的不斷深入而取得長足的發(fā)展,一定程度上改變和豐富了南漸地域的文化面貌。 第三章本章在上一章的分期基礎(chǔ)上,指出早商文化南漸大體上經(jīng)歷了初始期、繁榮期和衰退期三個發(fā)展階段：初始期,時間為早商一期,該期是早商文化開始向南方和東南方向挺進和滲透的起步階段；繁榮期,時間為早商二期,該期早商文化在南方的分布范圍廣,遺址數(shù)量多,控制范圍大,而且還出現(xiàn)了高等級的墓葬和城址；衰退期,時間為早商三期,此階段,中原商王朝面對著內(nèi)憂外患的正是環(huán)境,南漸勢力的發(fā)展受到了強烈的抑制,早商文化的勢力向北大規(guī)模退縮,地方土著文化勢力開始強大。同時文章還深入分析了每個階段出現(xiàn)的背后復(fù)雜的社會背景。從空間分布上對南漸地域內(nèi)的早商時期文化遺存進行考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)還呈現(xiàn)出以“點”帶“面”和有“輕”有“重”的地域性特征。在對長江中游地區(qū)的控制經(jīng)營中,采用建立據(jù)點的形式,來帶動對其周圍地區(qū)的有效控制,早商政權(quán)比較重視對長江中游地區(qū)的滲透和控制。 第四章本章通過對南漸地域內(nèi)商文化遺存中的典型陶器進行分析,并結(jié)合南漸地域內(nèi)的商代青銅器的發(fā)現(xiàn)情況,指出隨著早商文化南漸的不斷深入,南方地區(qū)不但接受中原地區(qū)日常生活中的陶器傳統(tǒng)、生活習(xí)慣等,還接受和認同了中原地區(qū)屬于禮制層面的精神文化,并吸收和學(xué)習(xí)了商王朝先進的青銅鑄造技術(shù)。但是這兩個層面卻有著截然不同的結(jié)果,隨著早商文化勢力的北退,中原商文化對南漸地域物質(zhì)層面的影響來的迅速且消失的也快,而在禮制精神層面和青銅鑄造技術(shù)的影響卻一直延續(xù)下去,對繁榮南方地區(qū)古代文化起著重要作用。 第五章本章為結(jié)語部分,是對前述各章所述內(nèi)容進行的總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Based on the early Shang culture of the Central Plains, this paper makes an archaeological analysis of the remains of the early Shang period found in the vast southern regions, including most of Hubei, northern Jiangxi, northern Hunan and some parts of Anhui. This paper examines the stage and regional characteristics of the spread of early Shang culture to the south, and further discusses the acceptance and recognition of the advanced culture in the Central Plains in the southward region. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter systematically introduces the definition of Shang culture, the stage division of early Shang culture, and the related concepts of southward region, etc. It is pointed out that the southward development of early Shang culture means that in the process of spreading to the south, the early Shang culture, on the premise of ensuring its own cultural subject status, fully absorbs the indigenous cultural factors in the southward growing area and realizes its own cultural diversity and progress. Secondly, the author points out the origin of this article by reviewing the discovery and research of the Shang period. The second chapter uses the basic methods of stratigraphy, typology and cultural factor analysis to study the typical early Shang period relics in the southward region by stages and cultural factors. It is found that these remains all appeared under the background of the southward development of the early Shang culture, and along with the continuous deepening of the commercial forces, they made great progress, to a certain extent, changed and enriched the cultural outlook of the southward growing region. The third chapter, on the basis of the stages of the previous chapter, points out that the southward development of the early Shang culture has generally experienced three stages of development: the initial period, the prosperity period and the recession period: the initial period, the time is the early Shang period. This period was the initial stage when the early Shang culture began to advance and infiltrate to the south and southeast, and the prosperous period was the second stage of the early Shang Dynasty, in which the early Shang culture was widely distributed in the south, with a large number of sites and a wide range of control. Moreover, there were also high-level tombs and city sites; in the recession period, the time was early Shang three. At this stage, the Central Plains and Shang dynasties faced precisely the environment at home and abroad, and the development of the southward growing forces was strongly suppressed. The influence of early Shang culture retreated to the north, and the local aboriginal culture began to be strong. At the same time, the article also analyzes the complex social background behind each stage. From the spatial distribution of the cultural relics of the early Shang period in the southward growing region, it is found that there are regional characteristics of "dot" belt "face" and "light" and "heavy" region. In the control and management of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the form of establishing a stronghold was adopted to drive the effective control of the surrounding areas, and the early commercial regime paid more attention to the infiltration and control of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the fourth chapter, through the analysis of the typical pottery in the relics of Shang culture in the southward region and the discovery of bronze ware in the southward region, it is pointed out that with the gradual development of the early Shang culture, The southern region not only accepted the pottery tradition and living habits in the daily life of the Central Plains, but also accepted and recognized the spiritual culture of the Central Plains, and absorbed and learned the advanced bronze casting technology of the Shang Dynasty. However, these two levels have very different results. With the northward retreat of the early Shang culture forces, the influence of the Central Plains Shang culture on the material aspects of the southward growing regions has rapidly and rapidly disappeared. However, the influence of ritual spirit and bronze casting technology has been continued, which plays an important role in the prosperity of ancient culture in southern China. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which is a summary of the contents of the preceding chapters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K872
本文編號：2248808
[Abstract]:Based on the early Shang culture of the Central Plains, this paper makes an archaeological analysis of the remains of the early Shang period found in the vast southern regions, including most of Hubei, northern Jiangxi, northern Hunan and some parts of Anhui. This paper examines the stage and regional characteristics of the spread of early Shang culture to the south, and further discusses the acceptance and recognition of the advanced culture in the Central Plains in the southward region. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter systematically introduces the definition of Shang culture, the stage division of early Shang culture, and the related concepts of southward region, etc. It is pointed out that the southward development of early Shang culture means that in the process of spreading to the south, the early Shang culture, on the premise of ensuring its own cultural subject status, fully absorbs the indigenous cultural factors in the southward growing area and realizes its own cultural diversity and progress. Secondly, the author points out the origin of this article by reviewing the discovery and research of the Shang period. The second chapter uses the basic methods of stratigraphy, typology and cultural factor analysis to study the typical early Shang period relics in the southward region by stages and cultural factors. It is found that these remains all appeared under the background of the southward development of the early Shang culture, and along with the continuous deepening of the commercial forces, they made great progress, to a certain extent, changed and enriched the cultural outlook of the southward growing region. The third chapter, on the basis of the stages of the previous chapter, points out that the southward development of the early Shang culture has generally experienced three stages of development: the initial period, the prosperity period and the recession period: the initial period, the time is the early Shang period. This period was the initial stage when the early Shang culture began to advance and infiltrate to the south and southeast, and the prosperous period was the second stage of the early Shang Dynasty, in which the early Shang culture was widely distributed in the south, with a large number of sites and a wide range of control. Moreover, there were also high-level tombs and city sites; in the recession period, the time was early Shang three. At this stage, the Central Plains and Shang dynasties faced precisely the environment at home and abroad, and the development of the southward growing forces was strongly suppressed. The influence of early Shang culture retreated to the north, and the local aboriginal culture began to be strong. At the same time, the article also analyzes the complex social background behind each stage. From the spatial distribution of the cultural relics of the early Shang period in the southward growing region, it is found that there are regional characteristics of "dot" belt "face" and "light" and "heavy" region. In the control and management of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the form of establishing a stronghold was adopted to drive the effective control of the surrounding areas, and the early commercial regime paid more attention to the infiltration and control of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the fourth chapter, through the analysis of the typical pottery in the relics of Shang culture in the southward region and the discovery of bronze ware in the southward region, it is pointed out that with the gradual development of the early Shang culture, The southern region not only accepted the pottery tradition and living habits in the daily life of the Central Plains, but also accepted and recognized the spiritual culture of the Central Plains, and absorbed and learned the advanced bronze casting technology of the Shang Dynasty. However, these two levels have very different results. With the northward retreat of the early Shang culture forces, the influence of the Central Plains Shang culture on the material aspects of the southward growing regions has rapidly and rapidly disappeared. However, the influence of ritual spirit and bronze casting technology has been continued, which plays an important role in the prosperity of ancient culture in southern China. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which is a summary of the contents of the preceding chapters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K872
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