大足石刻砂巖材料風(fēng)化程度量化評估
[Abstract]:Dazu stone carvings, located in Dazu district of Chongqing, are religious cliff stone carvings in the late Tang Dynasty and the early Song Dynasty, with Buddhism as the main theme, Confucianism and Taoism as statues and Chen. Stone carvings have experienced hundreds or even thousands of years of history, developed different types and different degrees of weathering disease. However, there is a lack of clear, qualitative, quantitative understanding and evaluation of the weathering damage of the surface rock for the core problems of the protection of sandstone grottoes and stone carvings. Taking Dazu stone engraved sandstone as the research object, 48 sandstone samples with different weathering degrees were selected to test the Richter hardness of the samples, and the wave velocity, compressive strength, drilling resistance, capillary water absorption coefficient and mineral composition of the samples were measured. Chemical composition, microstructure, dry density, porosity and so on. This paper analyzes the correlation between test results and weathering degree, compares the advantages and disadvantages of each testing technique, and synthesizes various test techniques to explain the results. A quantitative evaluation system for the weathering degree of Dazu stone engraved sandstone materials is established by mastering the changing laws of physical and mechanical properties, mineral and chemical composition and microstructure of the sandstone materials in Dazu lithography. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the dry density, porosity and water absorption of Dazu lithographic sandstone are small. The difference between the open porosity and the total porosity is not significant, corresponding to the difference between the free water absorption rate and the saturated water absorption rate (that is, the saturated water coefficient is large). These characteristics result in sandstone being vulnerable to the influence of water and salt in water, and slightly weaker in weathering resistance. (2) by testing the compressive strength of fresh cores, and referring to the quantitative classification criteria for weathering degree of the fourth edition of the Manual of Engineering Geology, The quantitative evaluation system of weathering degree of Dazu stone engraved sandstone material is obtained. However, each test index has its own advantages and disadvantages. Comprehensive evaluation of the research object by using a variety of indicators can effectively avoid the limitation of a single index. (3) the changes of mineral and chemical compositions accompany the weathering process of Dazu lithographic sandstone material. The decomposition of calcite and dolomite and the decrease of oxide loss of Na,Mg,Ga,K. The selected mineral weathering index (Wck,) and four chemical weathering indices can indicate the weathering degree of Dazu lithographic sandstone materials. Dazu lithographic sandstone materials contain a certain amount of clay minerals (mainly Illite, Illite, mixed layer minerals, chlorite, green mixed layer minerals). These clay minerals have the characteristics of water absorption, water loss and shrinkage, which can easily lead to sandstone weathering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:K877.4;P512.1
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