本文選題：文物本體 + 鹽分遷移��； 參考：《文物保護與考古科學》2017年05期

【摘要】：本文以鹽分對文物本體的破壞機理為主題,分別評述了國內(nèi)和國外的代表性研究成果,提出今后文化遺產(chǎn)鹽害機理研究中需要重點關(guān)注的三個方面的問題。文物本體鹽害的發(fā)生、發(fā)展與遺址本體中鹽分的種類、含量、文物本體微結(jié)構(gòu)以及環(huán)境變化密切相關(guān),其鹽害發(fā)生發(fā)展機理及鹽分活動規(guī)律的研究是文化遺產(chǎn)保護的當然要求,也是文化遺產(chǎn)保護的難點和重點。以土遺址和陶質(zhì)文物為主要研究對象,著眼于共性問題,研究文物本體環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀、材料組成、病害調(diào)查、鹽分組成、遷移、毛細吸附、結(jié)晶破壞及可溶鹽沉淀分布等,歸納出了若干鹽害毀損的機理和規(guī)律。鑒于硅酸鹽質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)鹽害分布極其廣泛、賦存環(huán)境條件千差萬別、鹽害成因復雜、表現(xiàn)形式多種多樣、治理難度極其困難、鹽害文物修復后的復發(fā)幾率又比較頻繁,所取得的研究進展還很難解釋所有復雜的、千變?nèi)f化的鹽害現(xiàn)象。因此,如何建立一套符合文物鹽害特點的研究方法,使得在該方法下獲取的研究結(jié)果更加符合實際,也是很迫切的一項工作。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the damage mechanism of salt to cultural relic body is taken as the theme, the representative research results of domestic and foreign countries are reviewed, and three problems that need to be paid attention to in the future research on salt damage mechanism of cultural heritage are put forward. The occurrence and development of salt damage in cultural relic body are closely related to the species and content of salt in site body, the microstructure of cultural relic body and the change of environment. The research on the mechanism of occurrence and development of salt damage and the law of salt activity is the natural requirement of cultural heritage protection. Also is the cultural heritage protection difficult point and the focal point. Taking earthen sites and pottery relics as the main research objects, focusing on the common problems, the present situation of the cultural relics' body environment, the material composition, the disease investigation, the salt composition, the migration, the capillary adsorption, the crystal destruction and the soluble salt precipitation distribution, etc., are studied. The mechanism and law of salt damage are summarized. In view of the widespread distribution of salt damage in silicate cultural heritage, the diversity of environmental conditions, the complexity of the causes of salt damage, the variety of forms of salt damage, the difficulty of management, and the frequency of recurrence after the restoration of cultural relics caused by salt damage, The research progress made is also difficult to explain all the complex, ever-changing salinization phenomena. Therefore, how to establish a set of research methods in accordance with the characteristics of cultural relics salt damage, so that the research results obtained under the method more in line with the reality, is also a very urgent work.
【作者單位】： 北方民族大學化學與化學工程學院國家民委化工技術(shù)基礎重點實驗室;敦煌研究院保護研究所國家古代壁畫與土遺址保護工程技術(shù)研究中心;陶質(zhì)彩繪文物保護國家文物局重點科研基地(秦始皇帝陵博物院);中國科學院蘭州化學物理研究所羰基合成與選擇氧化國家重點實驗室;上海大學;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助(41663012) 國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃(973計劃)資助(2012CB720901) 國家科技支撐計劃資助(2014BAK16B00) 國家文物局文物保護科學和技術(shù)研究課題資助(20110207)
【分類號】：K87;TQ170.12
，

本文編號：2101052