本文選題：建筑遺產(chǎn)保護 + 故宮養(yǎng)心殿��； 參考：《北京建筑大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究依托于“養(yǎng)心殿研究性保護項目”,對養(yǎng)心殿區(qū)域的彩畫病害進行詳細的調查與記錄分析,開發(fā)出“數(shù)字化彩畫系統(tǒng)”對彩畫病害進行數(shù)位化記錄統(tǒng)計,總結出一套適用于故宮彩畫病害的勘查記錄方法;通過對養(yǎng)心殿區(qū)域燕喜堂試點進行的微環(huán)境監(jiān)測,探索環(huán)境因素對彩畫造成的影響,并根據(jù)試點監(jiān)測結果,以探索一套適用于養(yǎng)心殿全區(qū)域的微環(huán)境監(jiān)測方案。本研究通過現(xiàn)場勘查、測繪、計算機統(tǒng)計的方法,以燕喜堂為勘查對象,總結了養(yǎng)心殿區(qū)域常見的16種病害類型,并分析了各種病害的分布情況。綜合燕喜堂彩畫病害現(xiàn)狀及內外檐彩畫修復實驗需求,在廊外、廊內、后外檐、室內前檐、白樘篦子上方選取5個監(jiān)測點進行微環(huán)境監(jiān)測,獲得溫度、相對濕度、照度、紫外照度數(shù)值,比較幾個點的微環(huán)境數(shù)值差異,發(fā)現(xiàn)在監(jiān)測時間(冬季)內:各點白天溫度差異較大,室外明顯高于室內,且室外三點中廊外高于后檐高于廊內,晚上溫度差異較小,室外明顯低于室內,且室外三點中后檐低于廊外低于廊內,室內的溫度差異較小;相對濕度的變化與溫度有關,在監(jiān)測時間內同一監(jiān)測點的相對濕度變化一般與溫度變化成反比例關系,室內的相對濕度一般高于室外且變化幅度較小,室外相對濕度變化較大,在發(fā)生降雪時明顯高于室內;監(jiān)測時間內,后檐的光照一般強于廊外強于廊內,但光照直接照射到廊外測量點時,出現(xiàn)短時間的峰值,高于后檐光照。室內兩點光照很小;紫外線與光照變化特征類似。室內兩點檢測不到紫外線的存在,室外三點中,后檐高于廊外高于廊內。廊外的紫外照度是廊內的29.1倍。對燕喜堂微環(huán)境數(shù)值進行分析,綜合既有研究結論,總結出在燕喜堂彩畫病害中,紫外線是導致顏料褪色的主要原因,溫濕度的變化對顏料的變色影響較小,但會造成彩畫的開裂、龜裂、起翹、空鼓等病害;盡管自然條件下微環(huán)境的變化對彩畫產(chǎn)生的破壞作用緩慢,但溫度、相對濕度、光照、紫外線等長期作用,仍會使彩畫形成多種病害。水漬沖刷對彩畫造成的傷害,比由于降水引起的濕度變化對彩畫造成的影響更大,更快速�？偨Y燕喜堂的微環(huán)境監(jiān)測內容,認為基本達到了預監(jiān)測的目的,所得數(shù)值可以反映該位置彩畫的基本環(huán)境情況�？偨Y預監(jiān)測的經(jīng)驗與不足,本論文通過對彩畫病害進行進一步的分級分類并對每級每類的病害進行微環(huán)境監(jiān)測,通過微環(huán)境監(jiān)測數(shù)值的比較,獲得長時間環(huán)境因素作用對彩畫病害產(chǎn)生的影響。提出一套解決彩畫病害成因分析、修復驗收、日常監(jiān)測為一體的長期監(jiān)測方案,為該區(qū)域可能進行的微環(huán)境監(jiān)測研究進行了初步探索。
[Abstract]:This research relies on the "Yangxin Dian Research Protection Project", carries on the detailed investigation and the record analysis to the Yangxin Dian area color painting disease, develops "the digital color painting system" to carry on the digitization record statistics to the color painting disease, This paper summarizes a set of survey and record methods suitable for The Imperial Palace color painting diseases, explores the influence of environmental factors on color paintings by monitoring the microenvironment of Yanxitang pilot project in Yangxindian area, and according to the results of the pilot monitoring, In order to explore a set of micro-environment monitoring program suitable for the whole area of Yangxin Dian. Based on the methods of on-the-spot survey, surveying and mapping, computer statistics, and taking Yan Xitang as the exploration object, this study summarized 16 common disease types in Yangxindian area and analyzed the distribution of various diseases. According to the present situation of Yanxitang color painting and the experimental demand of repairing the inner and outer eaves, 5 monitoring points were selected to monitor the microenvironment outside the gallery, inside the corridor, the back eaves, the indoor front eaves, and the outside eaves of the house, so as to obtain the temperature, relative humidity and illuminance. The value of ultraviolet illumination was compared with the values of microenvironment at several points. It was found that in the monitoring time (winter), the temperature of each point varied greatly during the day, and the outdoor temperature was obviously higher than that of the indoor, and the outdoor three point outside the corridor was higher than the back eaves higher than the corridor. At night, the temperature difference is small, the outdoor temperature is obviously lower than that of the indoor, and the outdoor eaves are lower than the corridor outside at three o'clock, and the indoor temperature difference is smaller, and the change of relative humidity is related to the temperature. The change of relative humidity in the same monitoring point is inversely proportional to the change of temperature in the monitoring time. The indoor relative humidity is generally higher than that outside and the range of variation is small, and the change of outdoor relative humidity is larger, and the change of indoor relative humidity is obviously higher than that of indoor when snow falls. During the monitoring period, the illumination of the back eaves is generally stronger than that of the verandas, but when the light is directly irradiated to the measuring points outside the corridors, there is a short time peak value, which is higher than that of the back eaves. The indoor two-point illumination is very small; the ultraviolet ray and the illumination change characteristic are similar. UV rays could not be detected at two points in the room, and in the outdoor three points, the eaves were higher than those outside the corridors. The UV illumination outside the gallery is 29.1 times higher than that in the gallery. By analyzing the value of Yanxitang microenvironment, synthesizing the existing research conclusions, it is concluded that ultraviolet ray is the main cause of pigment fading, and the change of temperature and humidity has little effect on pigment discoloration. But it will cause cracks, warps, empty drums and other diseases in color paintings. Although the changes in the microenvironment under natural conditions have a slow destructive effect on color paintings, temperature, relative humidity, light, ultraviolet rays and other long-term effects, Still can cause color painting to form a variety of diseases. The damage caused by the watermark scour to the color painting is greater and faster than the change of humidity caused by the precipitation. The content of micro-environment monitoring in Yan Xitang is summarized. It is considered that the purpose of pre-monitoring has been basically achieved and the value obtained can reflect the basic environmental situation of the color painting in this position. This paper summarizes the experience and shortcomings of pre-monitoring, through the further classification of color painting diseases and the micro-environmental monitoring of each class of diseases, through the comparison of micro-environmental monitoring values. The effect of long time environmental factors on the color painting disease is obtained. In this paper, a long-term monitoring scheme is put forward to solve the cause analysis, repair acceptance and daily monitoring of color painting diseases, and a preliminary exploration is made for the possible microenvironment monitoring research in this area.
【學位授予單位】：北京建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K879.1;TU-851

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