本文選題：坩堝煉鉛 + 鐵還原法�。� 參考：《南方文物》2017年02期

【摘要】：中國古代存在一種坩堝煉鉛技術,即在坩堝中用鐵從方鉛礦取代出鉛。近年來,在北方地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)多處坩堝煉鉛遺址,多為遼金元時期。本文對河南桐柏圍山遺址出土的坩堝和坩堝渣樣品進行了宏觀和微觀觀察及化學分析。結果表明,圍山所用的坩堝為圜底圓筒形罐,制作坩堝的主要原料是高嶺土類原料,摻有高嶺土粘土顆粒,有的還加有木炭或煤炭。坩堝渣的玻璃態(tài)基體中存在大量的石英顆粒,少量細小鉛冰銅和鉛顆粒,其中一個坩堝渣中存在大量的鐵塊,據(jù)此判斷采用了鐵還原法。另外還初步討論了坩堝煉鉛遺址的分布和年代問題。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, there was a kind of crucible lead smelting technology, that is to replace lead with iron from galena in crucible. In recent years, many crucible lead sites have been found in the northern region, mostly in the period of Liao and Jin Yuan. This paper made macroscopic and microscopic observation and chemical analysis of the crucible and crucible residue samples unearthed from the Tongbai peri mountain site in Henan. The crucible used is a cylindrical tank with a circular bottom. The main raw material for making the crucible is kaolin materials, clay particles in kaolin, and some also with charcoal or coal. There are a large number of quartz particles in the glass matrix of the crucible slag, a small amount of fine lead copper and lead particles, and a large amount of iron is found in the slag of one crucible. On the basis of this, judgment and mining are made. The iron reduction method is used. The distribution and age of the crucible lead smelting site are discussed preliminarily.

【作者單位】： 中國科學院自然科學史研究所;北京科技大學科技史與文化遺產研究院;北京大學中國考古學研究中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目《中國古代坩堝煉鉛技術初步研究》(No.514004214) 中國科學院自然科學史研究所重大突破項目《中國古代坩堝冶煉技術研究》(No.Y621011003) 國家文物局文物保護科技優(yōu)秀青年研究計劃“田野考古與文物保護信息采集與定量處理技術研究”(No.2014226)的資助
【分類號】：K878
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本文編號：1859382