本文選題：明清 + 宜興紫砂��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：宜興紫砂陶瓷興于明而盛于清,依賴(lài)其獨(dú)一無(wú)二的豐富的紫砂陶土資源和深厚的人文底蘊(yùn),造就了一批造詣非凡的制壺名師,并留下諸多精美的傳世作品,形成了獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格和地方特色,成為我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)手工藝的優(yōu)秀代表。明天啟年間周高起著《陽(yáng)羨茗壺系》,開(kāi)我國(guó)紫砂研究的先河;上世紀(jì)70年代在宜興羊角山古紫砂窯址的發(fā)掘,成為我國(guó)紫砂考古的開(kāi)端。半個(gè)多世紀(jì)來(lái),關(guān)注和研究宜興紫砂的學(xué)者日漸增多,紫砂的歷史、工藝、文化藝術(shù)內(nèi)涵、活態(tài)傳承等方面的研究取得重要進(jìn)展,但運(yùn)用考古及館藏傳世品等實(shí)物資料來(lái)研究明清時(shí)期宜興紫砂尚很少見(jiàn)。本文第一章介紹了宜興紫砂古窯址、全國(guó)出土的明清時(shí)期宜興紫砂光器類(lèi)壺等考古發(fā)現(xiàn),以及故宮博物院、南京博物院、上海博物館、杭州華夏紫砂博物館等全國(guó)各地區(qū)博物館館藏明清宜興紫砂光器類(lèi)壺情況;第二章對(duì)明清時(shí)期宜興紫砂光器類(lèi)壺的造型進(jìn)行了類(lèi)型學(xué)研究,將壺體造型分為圓器、方器和其他器形三大類(lèi),圓器又分為球形壺、半球形壺、扁圓壺、柱形圓壺、梯形圓壺,方器分為四方壺和六方壺,其他器形中包括僧帽壺、瓦當(dāng)壺和笠式壺等,同時(shí)還分析了壺鈕、壺蓋、壺流、壺把和壺底等各造型要素的特征;第三章介紹了明清宜興紫砂光器類(lèi)壺的裝飾技法,主要有胎泥裝飾、刻劃裝飾、模印貼花裝飾、雕漆裝飾、描金裝飾、琺瑯彩裝飾、彩釉裝飾、包錫裝飾等,同時(shí)也對(duì)紫砂的線條裝飾、銘文款識(shí)以及繪畫(huà)的裝飾題材進(jìn)行了分析;第四章著重分期研究,將明代的紫砂光器類(lèi)壺分為:萌芽期(明正德以前)、發(fā)展期(明正德至隆慶晚期)、成熟期(明萬(wàn)歷至明末)三個(gè)階段,將清代的紫砂光器類(lèi)壺分為:繁榮期(清康熙至乾隆晚期)、轉(zhuǎn)型期(清嘉慶至光緒年間)、衰落期(清末)三個(gè)階段。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于:一、以相關(guān)考古資料和典型傳世品資料為研究對(duì)象,用類(lèi)型學(xué)的方法對(duì)紫砂光器類(lèi)壺的壺體和其他造型要素進(jìn)行了研究,并分別對(duì)裝飾技法和題材進(jìn)行了歸納與分析,從而厘清紫砂光器類(lèi)壺的時(shí)代特征與發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。二、以美國(guó)舊金山亞洲藝術(shù)館謝瑞華女士為代表的學(xué)者,將宜興紫砂的發(fā)展歷史分為:萌芽期(明萬(wàn)歷以前)、初創(chuàng)期(明萬(wàn)歷至明代末年)、發(fā)展期(清康熙至清乾隆晚期)、繁榮期(清嘉慶至清光緒)、拓展期(清末)等幾個(gè)階段,而本文通過(guò)對(duì)考古資料和典型傳世品資料的研究,完善了前人對(duì)明清紫砂光器類(lèi)壺的分期,并對(duì)每一階段的造型和裝飾特征提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Yixing Zisha Ceramics flourished in the Qing Dynasty with Yu Ming, relying on its unique rich purple sand pottery soil resources and profound cultural background, created a group of famous masters of making pots with extraordinary attainments, and left behind many fine works from the world. Has formed the unique national style and the local characteristic, becomes our country traditional handicraft outstanding representative. In the beginning of tomorrow, Zhou Gao-qi "Yangwei Ming Kettle system", opened the first study of purple sand in China, and excavated the ancient purple sand kiln site in Yangjiao Mountain in Yixing in the 1970s, which became the beginning of the archaeology of purple sand in our country. For more than half a century, more and more scholars have paid attention to and studied Yixing Zisha, and important progress has been made in the study of purple sand's history, technology, cultural and artistic connotation, living state inheritance, etc. However, it is rare to study Yixing purple sand in Ming and Qing dynasties by using archaeological and collection materials. The first chapter introduces the ancient kiln site of Zisha in Yixing, the archaeological discovery of Yixing purple sand glare pot unearthed in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the the Palace Museum, Nanjing Museum, Shanghai Museum, etc. In the second chapter, a typological study on the shape of the purple sand glazing pot in Yixing in Ming and Qing dynasties was carried out, and the shape of the pot was divided into circular vessels. There are three categories of square and other types of vessels: round pots are also divided into spherical, hemispherical, flat, cylindrical, trapezoidal, square and hexagonal pots, and other types include bonnet pots, waddang pots and hat pots, etc. At the same time, it also analyzes the characteristics of various modeling elements such as kettle knob, pot lid, kettle flow, kettle handle and kettle bottom. Chapter three introduces the decoration techniques of Yixing purple sand glazing pot in Ming and Qing dynasties, which mainly include tyre mud decoration, engraving decoration, embossing embellishment, engraving lacquer decoration, etc. Painting gold decoration, enamel decoration, colored glaze decoration, wrapped tin decoration and so on. At the same time, the line decoration of purple sand, inscription recognition and decorative subject matter of painting are analyzed. In the Ming Dynasty, the purple sand glazing pots were divided into three stages: budding stage (before Ming Zhengde, developing period (Ming Zhengde to late Longqing), mature period (Ming Wanli to the end of Ming Dynasty). The purple sand vessels of Qing Dynasty were divided into three stages: prosperous period (Qing Kangxi to Qianlong late period), transition period (Qing Jiaqing to Guang Xu period), decline period (late Qing Dynasty). The innovations of this paper are as follows: first, taking the relevant archaeological data and typical handed down materials as the research object, using typology method to study the pot body and other modeling elements of the purple sand glazing pot. The decorative techniques and themes are summarized and analyzed respectively, so as to clarify the characteristics and development context of purple grit pots. Second, a scholar represented by Ms. Xie Ruihua of the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco, USA. The development history of Yixing Zisha is divided into several stages: budding period (before Ming Wanli, early creation period (Ming Wanli to the end of Ming Dynasty), development period (Qing Kangxi to the late Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty), prosperity period (from Qing Dynasty to Qing Guang Xu), extension period (late Qing Dynasty), etc. Through the study of archaeological data and typical heritage materials, this paper has perfected the previous period of purple sand glazing pot in Ming and Qing dynasties, and put forward its own views on the modeling and decoration characteristics of each stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K876.3

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