發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 00:28

  本文選題：二里頭文化 + 周邊地區(qū)　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：二里頭文化是分布于中原地區(qū)的一支考古學(xué)文化,它上承王灣三期文化及新砦期文化,下接二里崗文化,絕對(duì)年代為1880B.C.—1520B.C.。其分布地域與文獻(xiàn)和傳說中的夏代大體相符,因而被多數(shù)學(xué)者推斷為夏代中晚期的文化。 二里頭文化周圍存在著多支不同類型的考古學(xué)文化。二里頭文化在其產(chǎn)生發(fā)展的過程中都與這些考古學(xué)文化存在著一定程度上的交流。文化之間的交流和碰撞推動(dòng)了各個(gè)考古學(xué)文化的發(fā)展步伐,促進(jìn)了考古學(xué)文化的重組,為大范圍統(tǒng)一的考古學(xué)文化的形成奠定了基礎(chǔ),造就了中國(guó)古代文明多元一體格局的初步形態(tài)。 二里頭文化與周邊地區(qū)考古學(xué)文化的交流可以通過陶器、玉器及青銅器反映出來(lái),尤以陶器明顯。本文把周邊地區(qū)劃分成華北、西北、海岱、東南、江漢及峽江、西南六個(gè)地理單元,從器物的共有關(guān)系(主要為陶器)上探討了二里頭文化與這些地理單元內(nèi)考古學(xué)文化之間的交流。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)二里頭文化與周邊地區(qū)考古學(xué)文化的交流做了深入的分析。首先闡明了二者之間的主次關(guān)系,認(rèn)為只有岳石文化、東龍山文化對(duì)二里頭文化的影響始終處于主導(dǎo)地位,下七垣文化、馬橋文化對(duì)二里頭文化個(gè)別時(shí)期的影響處于主導(dǎo)地位,其余考古學(xué)文化對(duì)二里頭文化則很少甚至沒有影響,相反則受到二里頭文化的強(qiáng)烈輻射。然后從時(shí)間、空間兩個(gè)維度對(duì)交流內(nèi)容的異同進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)的分析,認(rèn)為不同時(shí)間內(nèi)交流對(duì)象及內(nèi)容的差異反映了交流強(qiáng)弱的變化、社會(huì)等級(jí)的不斷分化以及社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和禮制的構(gòu)建過程；二里頭文化與周邊三級(jí)地區(qū)考古學(xué)文化交流內(nèi)容上的差別是由于交流層次造成的,而交流層次的存在以及內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的變化同時(shí)也反映了社會(huì)等級(jí)的不斷分化以及社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和禮制的構(gòu)建過程。再后概述了二者之間的交流方式與途徑、交流路線,認(rèn)為二者之間有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)掠奪、商業(yè)貿(mào)易、友好饋贈(zèng)、人群遷徙等多種交流方式與途徑,時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、交流對(duì)象不同,交流方式與途徑也不一樣；交流路線有多條,且二里頭文化與單支考古學(xué)文化之間的交流路線也會(huì)因空間的不同而存在多條。最后,揭示了二者交流反映的若干歷史背景,認(rèn)為二里頭文化與周邊地區(qū),尤其是邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)考古學(xué)文化的交流是我國(guó)眾多地區(qū)“禹跡”存在的重要原因；二里頭文化與岳石文化的交流以及二者之間強(qiáng)弱的變化體現(xiàn)了“夏夷關(guān)系”的發(fā)展變化；二里頭文化晚期岳石文化及下七垣文化對(duì)二里頭文化的強(qiáng)勢(shì)沖擊以及在此情況下二里頭文化向邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的滲透則反映了“桀死鳴條”、“桀奔南巢”等歷史背景。
[Abstract]:Erlitou culture is an archaeological culture distributed in the Central Plains. It inherits the culture of the third period of Wangwan and the culture of Xinzhai period, followed by the culture of Erligang. The absolute age is 1880B.C.-1520B.C. Its distribution area is roughly consistent with the literature and legends of the Xia Dynasty, so most scholars infer that it was the culture of the middle and late Xia Dynasty. There are many different types of archaeological culture around Erlitou culture. Erlitou culture has some communication with these archaeological cultures in the process of its development. The exchange and collision between cultures have promoted the development of various archaeological cultures, promoted the reorganization of archaeological cultures, and laid the foundation for the formation of a large-scale unified archaeological culture. It has created the initial form of the pluralistic pattern of ancient Chinese civilization. The exchange between Erlitou culture and archeological culture in surrounding areas can be reflected through pottery, jade and bronze ware, especially pottery. This paper divides the surrounding areas into six geographical units: North, Northwest, Haidai, Southeast, Jianghan and Xijiang, and Southwest. The communication between Erlitou culture and archaeological culture in these geographical units is discussed from the common relationship of artifacts (mainly pottery). On this basis, the exchange of Erlitou culture and surrounding archaeological culture is analyzed. First of all, it clarifies the primary and secondary relationship between the two. It is believed that only Yueshi culture, Donglongshan culture's influence on Erlitou culture has always been in the dominant position, and the influence of the lower Qiyuan culture and the Ma Qiao culture on the Erlitou culture in individual periods is in the dominant position. The other archaeological culture has little or no influence on Erlitou culture, on the contrary, it is strongly radiated by Erlitou culture. Then from two dimensions of time and space, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences of communication content, and thinks that the differences of communication objects and contents in different time reflect the change of communication intensity. The continuous differentiation of social hierarchy and the process of constructing social structure and ritual system; the difference between Erlitou culture and the surrounding three levels of archaeological cultural exchange is caused by the level of communication. The existence of communication level and the change of internal structure also reflect the continuous differentiation of social hierarchy and the construction process of social structure and etiquette system. After that, it outlines the ways and means of communication between the two, and points out that there are various ways and means of communication between them, such as war plunder, commercial trade, friendly gifts, crowd migration, and so on. Time, place and object of communication are different. There are many communication routes, and the communication routes between Erlitou Culture and single Archaeological Culture are different because of the different space. Finally, it reveals some historical background of the exchange between the two, and holds that the exchange of archaeological culture between Erlitou culture and surrounding areas, especially in remote areas, is an important reason for the existence of "Yuxi" in many areas of our country. The communication between Erlitou culture and Yueshi culture and the change of their strength and weakness reflect the development and change of "Xiayi relation"; The strong impact on Erlitou culture caused by the late Yueshi culture and the lower Qiyuan culture of Erlitou culture and the infiltration of Erlitou culture into the remote areas reflect the historical background of "Jie's death rule" and "Jie running to the south nest" and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K871.7

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孫洋;陶寺和二里頭遺址古代黃牛分子考古學(xué)研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1822256