本文選題：下坂地墓地 + C和N穩(wěn)定同位素��； 參考：《科學(xué)通報(bào)》2016年32期

【摘要】：公元前2千紀(jì)下半葉,以蒙古人種、粟作農(nóng)業(yè)(包括粟和黍)、彩陶等為特征的東方人群已到達(dá)新疆中部,并與安德羅諾沃文化等西方文明發(fā)生碰撞、交流甚至融合.然而,受益于新的考古發(fā)現(xiàn),以粟黍?yàn)榇淼臇|方文化要素在公元前3千紀(jì)~前2千紀(jì)時(shí)已傳播至哈薩克斯坦、希臘、意大利等地.作為文化傳播十字路口的帕米爾高原,其人群何時(shí)開始食用粟黍,東西方文化交流是否存在更早的跡象,尚缺乏佐證.為此,本文通過對(duì)新疆下坂地墓地青銅時(shí)代(公元前1500~前600年)出土的人骨進(jìn)行C,N穩(wěn)定同位素分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)下坂地墓地先民的食物結(jié)構(gòu),雖以C_3類的動(dòng)物蛋白為主,但也不乏少許C_4類,在個(gè)別個(gè)體中,C_4類甚至占較大比例.結(jié)合考古資料,研究結(jié)果顯示:先民的主要生活方式為畜牧或半游牧業(yè),但麥作及粟作農(nóng)業(yè)也是其不可或缺的一環(huán).下坂地墓地的部分先民可能已開始食用粟類作物,這暗示了東方文化因素在帕米爾高原東端,即新疆西南部出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間可早至公元前1500年前后.
[Abstract]:In the second half of 2000 BC, oriental people, characterized by Mongolian race and millet farming (including millet and millet, painted pottery, etc.), had reached the central part of Xinjiang and collided, exchanged and even merged with Western civilizations such as Andernovo culture.However, with the help of new archaeological discoveries, the elements of Oriental culture represented by millet millet have spread to Kazakhstan, Greece, Italy and so on during the period of 3000BC to the first 2000BC.As the crossroads of cultural communication, the Pamirs plateau, when its people began to eat millet millet, whether there are any early signs of East-West cultural exchange, there is no evidence.Therefore, based on the Con N stable isotope analysis of human bones unearthed in the Bronze Age (1500 ~ 600 BC) in the burial ground of Xiazhandi, Xinjiang, it is found that the food structure of the ancestors of the burial ground in the city is mainly composed of three kinds of animal proteins.However, there are also a few CST4 classes, which account for a large proportion in individual individuals.Combined with archaeological data, the results show that the main life style of the ancestors was pastoral or semi-animal husbandry, but wheat and millet farming is also an indispensable part of it.Some of the ancestors of the cemetery may have begun to eat millet crops, implying that eastern cultural factors appeared in the eastern end of the Pamir Plateau, that is, southwest Xinjiang, as early as 1500 BC.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院脊椎動(dòng)物演化與人類起源重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室中國(guó)科學(xué)院古脊椎動(dòng)物與古人類研究所;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)考古與人類學(xué)系;吉林大學(xué)邊疆考古研究中心;新疆文物考古研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(41373018) 國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金(10CKG001) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(2015CB953803)資助
【分類號(hào)】：K878.8

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