本文選題：裴李崗文化　切入點(diǎn)：淀粉粒分析　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：植物一直是人類食譜的重要組成部分,淀粉是葡萄糖的高聚體,是植物的主要營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,多以淀粉粒形式儲(chǔ)存于細(xì)胞中。淀粉粒在種子、塊莖和塊根等器官中含量特別豐富,而且淀粉粒能在考古地層中保存上萬(wàn)年。不同種屬植物的淀粉粒在形態(tài)、大小、層紋、裂隙、消光等方面各有特征,因此可以根據(jù)淀粉粒的形態(tài)特征鑒定植物種類,這為其在考古學(xué)研究中的應(yīng)用提供了依據(jù)。 從二十世紀(jì)七十年代開(kāi)始,淀粉粒分析成為的一項(xiàng)新的分析手段,它通過(guò)先建立現(xiàn)代植物種屬的淀粉粒形態(tài)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),然后通過(guò)對(duì)比去鑒定從考古遺物、遺跡中獲取的古代淀粉粒的種屬,以進(jìn)行器物功能、古代人類對(duì)植物的利用等方面的研究. 裴李崗文化是黃河中游地區(qū)的新石器時(shí)代前期文化,因1977年首先發(fā)現(xiàn)于河南新鄭裴李崗而得名。其年代經(jīng)碳十四測(cè)定,大約距今8500～7000年。本文對(duì)裴李崗文化中比較有代表性的新鄭裴李崗遺址、沙窩李遺址、崗時(shí)遺址,密縣莪溝遺址,長(zhǎng)葛石固遺址的15個(gè)石磨盤進(jìn)行了取樣分析。結(jié)果顯示,15個(gè)石磨盤上共發(fā)現(xiàn)了1800多顆淀粉粒,可鑒定淀粉粒中比例最多的是橡子,占到總數(shù)的42.80%,其次是小麥族(23.89%)、粟黍或薏苡屬(15.15%)、根莖類(0.27%)等。此外,還有一部分淀粉粒無(wú)法鑒定。 本文的研究結(jié)果表明:①、裴李崗文化遺址的石磨盤的功能具有多樣性;②、橡子可能是當(dāng)時(shí)先民的重要植物性食物來(lái)源之一。上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可為中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)起源研究提供一些新思路和新線索。同時(shí),豐富的植物種類及組合也與當(dāng)時(shí)溫暖濕潤(rùn)的氣候環(huán)境相吻合,從另一個(gè)角度為環(huán)境考古研究提供了一批新資料。
[Abstract]:Plants have always been an important part of human diet, starch is the hyperpolymer of glucose, is the main nutritional component of plants, mostly stored in cells in the form of starch grains, starch granules in the seeds, tubers and roots and other organs, especially rich, And starch grains can be preserved in archaeological strata for tens of thousands of years. Starch grains of different species have their own characteristics in shape, size, lamination, fissure, extinction and so on. Therefore, plant species can be identified according to the morphological characteristics of starch grains. This provides the basis for its application in archaeological research. Since the 1970s, starch granule analysis has become a new means of analysis. It first establishes the standard of starch grain morphology of modern plant species, and then through comparison to identify archaeological relics. The species and genus of ancient starch grains obtained from the remains, in order to study the function of implements and the utilization of plants by ancient human beings. Peiligang culture is a pre-Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It was first discovered in 1977 in Xinzheng County, Henan Province. About 8500-7000years ago. This paper deals with the representative sites of Xinzheng Peiligang, Shawo Li, Gongshi, and Ergou in Mixian, which are more representative in the culture of Pei Ligang. More than 1800 starch grains were found on the 15 stone grinding plates in Changge Shigu site. The results showed that acorns accounted for the largest proportion of starch grains. In addition, some starch grains could not be identified. The results of this paper show that the function of stone grinding disk at the cultural site of Peiligang is diverse and acorns may be one of the important food sources of the forefathers at that time. The above results can be suggested for the study of the origin of agriculture in China. For some new ideas and new clues. At the same time, The abundant plant species and assemblage also coincided with the warm and humid climatic environment at that time, which provided some new data for environmental archaeological research from another point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K87

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