本文選題：甲骨文　切入點(diǎn)：金文　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 商代的手工業(yè)已十分發(fā)達(dá),出現(xiàn)了較為細(xì)致的分工。前輩學(xué)者在這方面也做了大量的研究,但主要是從古文獻(xiàn)資料和考古發(fā)掘方面對其進(jìn)行的探索。而甲骨文、金文等古文字作為當(dāng)時的社會遺存,其文字字形形象地反映了當(dāng)時社會的實(shí)際情況,其本身為研究商代的手工業(yè)提供了十分豐富的資料。而從這方面對商代手工業(yè)進(jìn)行探索的文章尚不多見。因而筆者從甲骨文、金文字形入手,同時結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)、考古資料及民俗學(xué)等相關(guān)知識對其作一系統(tǒng)探討。 本文共分為四個部分。第一部分為緒論,對商代手工業(yè)的研究現(xiàn)狀和研究意義進(jìn)行了分析,同時對本文所用的方法和材料進(jìn)行了敘述,并對甲骨文字進(jìn)行了一些說明。第二部分為文章的主體部分,分別從甲骨文、金文等古文字字形出發(fā),對青銅冶鑄業(yè)、建筑業(yè)、紡織業(yè)、木器制作業(yè)、釀酒業(yè)和制鹽業(yè)等手工業(yè)部門進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的研究。可以看出,商代的采礦、熔鑄技術(shù)已十分發(fā)達(dá),能按一定的銅錫比例制出種類繁多的青銅器產(chǎn)品；殷人的建筑形制多樣,并掌握了夯土、版筑術(shù)及測定方位等技術(shù)；紡織方面,殷人已養(yǎng)蠶制絲,并懂得繅絲、練絲等技術(shù),有一定的紡織工具,能織出精美的衣、帛等織物；殷人已能造出形制完備、結(jié)實(shí)耐用的陸上、水上交通工具車子和舟船以及耒耜等農(nóng)具；殷人的釀酒技術(shù)高超,能夠釀造不同種類的酒,并能夠制鹽,在甲骨文中稱“鹵”,由“鹵小臣”管理之。第三部分對商代手工業(yè)中的勞動者和管理體制進(jìn)行了分析,可以看出在商代對手工業(yè)勞動者有一定的編制和專門機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行管理；從甲骨文中的“貝”系字可以看出殷商時的部分手工業(yè)產(chǎn)品已用于交換。第四部分是對本文的總結(jié),對商代手工業(yè)的重要性及本文所述手工業(yè)的各個方面進(jìn)行了概括。 通過從古文字方面對殷商手工業(yè)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的研究,一方面可以得知商代的手工業(yè)部門繁多,且十分發(fā)達(dá),為周代手工業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。另一方面,與其它資料結(jié)合進(jìn)一步印證了甲骨文、金文等古文字珍貴的史料價值。
[Abstract]:The handicraft industry of the Shang Dynasty has been well developed and there has been a more detailed division of labor. Previous scholars have also done a lot of research in this field, but mainly from the aspects of ancient documents and archaeological excavations. As a relic of the society at that time, the ancient characters such as Jin Wen reflected the actual situation of the society at that time. It provides abundant information for the study of the handicraft industry of Shang Dynasty, but there are few articles to explore the handicraft industry in Shang Dynasty from this aspect. Therefore, the author starts with oracle bone inscriptions and gold inscriptions, and combines with the literature at the same time. Archaeological materials and folklore and other relevant knowledge to make a systematic discussion. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, the research status and significance of the Shang Dynasty handicraft industry are analyzed, and the methods and materials used in this paper are described. The second part is the main part of the article, starting from the ancient characters such as oracle bone inscription and gold inscription, the author of this paper deals with the bronze smelting and casting industry, the construction industry, the textile industry, and the woodmaking industry. The handicraft industry departments such as brewery and salt industry have carried out careful research. It can be seen that the mining and melting and casting techniques of Shang Dynasty are very developed, and they can produce a wide variety of bronze products according to a certain proportion of copper and tin. They have mastered such techniques as ramming earth, building plates, and measuring azimuth; in the textile field, Yin people have already raised silkworms and made silk, and have learned the techniques of silk reeling, silk training, and so on. They have certain textile tools that can weave fine garments, silk, and other fabrics; the Yin people have been able to make complete shapes. Durable land, water transport vehicles, boats, boats, and other agricultural tools; Yin people are highly skilled in making wine of different kinds and can make salt. The third part analyzes the laborer and management system of handicraft industry in Shang Dynasty. It can be seen that some of the handicraft products of the Shang Dynasty have been used for exchange from the word "Bei" in the oracle bone inscriptions. Part 4th is a summary of the article, the importance of the handicraft industry in the Shang Dynasty and the various aspects of the handicraft industry described in this paper. Through the systematic research on the handicraft industry of Shang Dynasty from the ancient script, on the one hand, we can know that the handcraft industry of Shang Dynasty is numerous and very developed, which laid a foundation for the further development of handicraft industry in Zhou Dynasty, on the other hand, Combined with other materials, further confirmed the oracle bone inscriptions, gold inscriptions and other precious historical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K877.1

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