本文關(guān)鍵詞： 印加文明 文化交流 巨石文化 馬丘比丘 庫(kù)斯科太陽(yáng)神廟 薩克薩瓦曼　出處：《拉丁美洲研究》2017年02期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：印加原本是安第斯高原地區(qū)在經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化上都缺乏優(yōu)勢(shì)的一個(gè)后起小部落,它為何能在15世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)勝所有其他強(qiáng)大部族并崛起為一個(gè)地跨現(xiàn)今秘魯、玻利維亞、厄瓜多爾、智利和阿根廷五國(guó)版圖的龐大帝國(guó)?作者通過(guò)對(duì)馬丘比丘、庫(kù)斯科太陽(yáng)神廟、薩克薩瓦曼等文化遺址的實(shí)地考察,從巨石建筑技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)入手,深入發(fā)掘印加"巨石文化"的豐富內(nèi)涵,較全面地展現(xiàn)了印加在廟宇和宮廷建筑、大型梯田灌溉系統(tǒng)和道路工程方面所取得的卓越成就——印加人創(chuàng)建了代表安第斯最高文明水平的"巨石"文化,為締造印加帝國(guó)大廈提供了堅(jiān)固的基石。本文認(rèn)為印加人之所以能夠在部落爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)中勝出,恰恰在于他們沒(méi)有把戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)作為單純的軍事行為,而是利用戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這一特殊形式廣泛吸取各民族優(yōu)秀文化,最終打造了印加帝國(guó)的百年輝煌。印加帝國(guó)崛起的歷史說(shuō)明:不同文化的交流和互動(dòng)乃是人類(lèi)文明進(jìn)步的巨大動(dòng)力;印加文明正是在廣泛吸取安第斯各民族優(yōu)秀文化養(yǎng)分的基礎(chǔ)上,從一個(gè)弱勢(shì)群體迅速發(fā)展壯大,最后建成古代美洲最強(qiáng)大的帝國(guó),并創(chuàng)立了與瑪雅文明特色不同但同樣輝煌的印加文明。
[Abstract]:The Inca, a small, economic and cultural tribe that lacked economic and cultural advantages in the Andean Plateau, was able to defeat all other powerful tribes in 15th century and rise into a territory that spans what is now Peru, Bolivia. The vast empire of Ecuador, Chile and Argentina? Through the field investigation of Machu Picchu, Kuzco Sun Temple, Sacramene and other cultural sites, the author starts with the technical details of the boulder architecture, and deeply excavates the rich connotation of the "Stonehenge Culture" in the Inca. A more comprehensive picture of Inca's remarkable achievements in temple and court buildings, large terraced irrigation systems and road engineering-the Incas created a "boulder" culture that represented the highest level of Andean civilization. The Inca Empire State Building provides a solid foundation for the building. This paper argues that the Incas were able to win the tribal war precisely because they did not regard war as a simple military act. Instead, the use of war as a special form of extensive absorption of the excellent culture of all nationalities. The history of the rise of the Inca Empire shows that: the exchange and interaction of different cultures is the great motive force for the progress of human civilization; The Inca civilization developed rapidly from a vulnerable group on the basis of extensive absorption of the excellent cultural nutrients of the Andean peoples and finally built the most powerful empire in ancient America. And the creation of the Mayan civilization is different from the characteristics of the same brilliant Inca civilization.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)歷史學(xué)系;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K887.78
【正文快照】： 走進(jìn)印加(1)世界:一次艱險(xiǎn)而又引人入勝之旅幾年前,當(dāng)筆者登上奇琴伊察庫(kù)庫(kù)爾坎金字塔頂極目了望時(shí),展現(xiàn)眼前的是1000多年前壯麗的瑪雅文化景觀(2),驚嘆之余腦海中閃過(guò)一個(gè)念頭:與瑪雅文化迥然不同的另一個(gè)印第安文化中心——印加文化到底是怎樣的呢,也能去一探究竟嗎?很快又，

本文編號(hào)：1475854